Negative Magnetoresistance in Amorphous Indium Oxide Wires

We study magneto-transport properties of several amorphous Indium oxide nanowires of different widths. The wires show superconducting transition at zero magnetic field, but, there exist a finite resistance at the lowest temperature. The $R(T)$ broadening was explained by available phase slip models. At low field, and far below the superconducting critical temperature, the wires with diameter equal to or less than 100 nm, show negative magnetoresistance (nMR). The magnitude of nMR and the crossover field are found to be dependent on both temperature and the cross-sectional area. We find that this intriguing behavior originates from the interplay between two field dependent contributions.Comment: 11 pages, 7 figure

A Retrospective Surgical Experience Regarding Open and Laparoscopic Procedures of the Hepatic Hydatid Cyst with an up to Date Complete Review of the Literature And a Focus On Original Romanian Techniques

Introduction: Even though the development of the recent anti-parasitic drugs has led to a high degree of efficiency, surgical treatment still remains the gold standard for a number of conditions. Material and method. The authors discuss a series of 90 cases in a multicenter and retrospective analysis that stretches over 20 years. Results and discussions. These cases have been diagnosed and treated – through different surgical methods, both classical and laparoscopic – for hepatic hydatid cysts. The paper also presents a short review of the major types of surgical procedures cited in the international literature, with a specific focus on the advantages brought by Romanian innovations in this field. Conclusions. Even though the classical open approach still assumes the first place among surgical procedures, modern laparoscopic techniques have earned a much appreciated place in providing positive results based on long-term assessment, with virtually no or only minor complications. In this regard the Romanian school of surgery has offered a significant contribution to this field

THE EVOLUTION OF FISCAL INDICATORS IN THE LAST YEARSIN ROMANIA

Tax revenues are an important part of budget revenues, and their structure represent the mirror of government\'s fiscal policy. Also their level and structure reflects the evolution of the economy in general. The evolution of tax revenues has been influenced by the financial crisis of this period. The tax revenue structure in Romania is characterized by relatively high share of indirect taxes revenues in comparison with another European Union states, where the share of revenues from direct, indirect taxes and social contribution is relatively close. Government expenditure is vital for the economy especially if they are focused on productive areas. They are the engine of economic developments and plays an important role in raising the standard of living of population in a state. In the last years, the growth rate of public expenditure was higher than the trend of tax revenues increase. Sizing revenue and public expenditure is essential for achieving the budget balance target and to meet the criterion stipulated in the Stability and Growth Pact. According to the Pact, the budget deficit may not exceed 3% of GDP. This development asymmetric led to increased deficits in the last years. The high level of structural deficit has canceled an initiative to tax relaxation in this recession period. The need for fiscal consolidation has been paramount in the context of chronic deficit and difficulties faced in financing it. The opportune solution to finance the high public deficit and to achieve the objective of financial stability of the economy was contracting of public debt from International Monetary Fund. Other measures to reduce the deficit were the reduction of public expenditure and increasing tax revenues. We propose in this paper to analyze the evolution of fiscal indicators in comparison with the evolution of macroeconomic indicators to capture the reaction of taxpayers and economic environment at measures adopted.fiscal, tax, fiscal revenues, budget, financial crisis

Qualitative versus quantitative marketing research

Marketing research approach might be accomplished in different ways. In the practical view, we can say that treating it as quantitative and qualitative is more pragmatic and operational.qualitative research, quantitative research, qualitative techniques, sample, sampling, weighting factors.