The Socio-Economic Structure of Farmers Related to Organic Olive Cultivation and The Knowledge Level and Approaches Towards Organic Agriculture

In this study, it was aimed to examine of socio-economic structure of farmers related to organic olive cultivation activity in Gökçeada district of Çanakkale province in Turkey and to determine the knowledge level and approaches towards their organic agriculture. The data of the present study were obtained by survey from 121 farms related to organic olive cultivation determined by using the whole counting method. Data cover the production period in 2016-2017. Descriptive statistics and 5-point Likert-type scale was used to analyse the data. According to the results of study, it was found that the average age of farmers was 53.6 years, the average year of schooling of farmers was 7.5, the average household size was 3.7 persons, the average experience of farmers in organic olive cultivation was also 8.3 years and 10.7% of the farmers had the highest income (50.001₺-60.000₺). Furthermore, the most consciousness level about organic agriculture was determined as ''not use hazardous chemicals for nature and health in organic agriculture'' concept for farmers that make organic olive cultivation. As a result, this study is expected to contribute the development of district's economy and to rural development

Investigation of Production and Price Relationship in Cow Milk Production by Koyck Model Approach

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the amount of cow milk production and its price in Turkey in the period between 1985-2015.The Koyck model that is one of the distributed lag models was used to analyse of these data. The production of cow milk was considered as dependent variable and the price series consisting of cow milk prices and lagged price series are considered as explanatory variable in the model. According to the results of Koyck model, it was determined that the production of cow milk was affected by the prices of maximum one year retrospectively and the time required to dramatically affect to production of cow milk of the change taken place in prices of cow milk was 2.9 years. Furthermore, the increase of 1 TL in price of cow milk decreases the production of cow milk by 183372.4 tonnes. On the other hand, the increase of 1 TL in prices in the previous period decreases the production of cow milk by 137345.9 tonnes. Based on these data, it can be said that the price of cow milk composed in the free market conditions is rather efficient in determination to production amount. In conclusion, economic measures such as making of production planning, constituting of efficient marketing opportunities, price policies and giving a place to stable production can be taken against to fluctutations in the price increases

Agriculture insurance and risk management in Turkey and the world

Tarım; doğal, ekonomik, sosyal, teknolojik ve politik risklere maruz kalan bir sektördür. Bu nedenle çiftçiler, yeni risklerle başa çıkabilecek çözüm yollan aramaya ihtiyaç duymaktadırlar. Bu nedenle risk kaynaklarını belirlemek ve onlann etkilerini azaltmak günümüz tarımsal üretiminin önemli konularındandır. Bu çalışmada, tarımsal üretimde karşılan risk kaynakları ve risk yönetimi stratejileri belirlenmiştir. Anket sonuçlan, faktöryel analizi yardımıyla değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre; işletmeler için 8 risk kaynağı faktörü belirlenmiştir. Bu 8 faktör, toplam varyansın %72'sini açıklamaktadır, l'den 8'e kadar olan en önemli risk kaynaklan sırasıyla; üretim kaybı, finans, işletme büyüklüğü, işgücü verimliliği, sigorta isteği, doğum, hayvan sağlığı ve doğal koşullar olarak tanımlanmıştır. Ayrıca, üreticiler tarafından alınabilecek 3 tane de risk stratejisi faktörü belirlenmiştir. Bu 3 faktör toplam varyansın %58'ini açıklamaktadır, l'den 3'e kadar olan en önemli risk stratejileri ise sırasıyla; fiyat, girişimcilik ve sigorta olarak adlandırılmıştır.Agriculture is the most exposed sector to all kind of economical, social,, natural, technological and political risks. Therefore, farmers need to find ways to cope with the new risks. In this research, risk sources and risk strategies faces in agricultural production are examined. Factor analyses were conducted on information obtained from survey results. The research results indicated that in the total eight factors a total variance account for of 72 per cent for dairy farms. According to the loadings the factor one to eight can best be described as decrease production, finance, farm si?e, labour productivity, insurance, birth, animal health and natural condition respectively. Furthermore, in total three factor sources of risk strategies were considered for dairy farms. This result in three factors a total variance account for of 58 per cent. According to the loadings the factor one to three can best be described as price, enterprice and insurance respectively