Erasmus on Luther

Erasmus, like Luther, was an Augustinian; like Luther, a priest; like Luther, a preacher-at Paris; like Luther, a Doctor of Theology-of Turin; like Luther, a teacher-at Cambridge 1511-1514. Andreas Carlstadt declared Erasmus the prince of theologians, superior to St. Ambrose and St. Augustine. I do not see among the old theologians any they can legitimately prefer to you, wrote Bude

Erasmus\u27s Pictures of Church Conditions

The Religious Pilgrimage describes the visit of Erasmus and Dean Colet to the shrine of St. Thomas a Becket, one of the most religious pilgrimages in the world. In the south porch of the church stand three stone statues of men In armor, who with wicked hands murdered the holy man, with the names of their countries -Tusci, Fusci, and Betri. They have the same honor done them that is done to Judas, Pilate, Caiaphas, and the band of wicked soldiers whose images you may see carved upon stately altars; and their names are added that no one after them might arrogate to himself the glory of the fact. They are set there in open sight to be a warning to wicked courtiers, that no one may hereafter presume to lay his hand on either bishops or the possession of the Church. For these three ruffians ran mad with horror of the act they had committed; nor had they come to themselves again had not holy Thomas been implored in favor of them. Iron grates enclose the place called the choir

“The air of impossibility has been removed”: Realist Political Drama(dy) and the Trope of Becoming President

Over the past ten to fifteen years, film and TV culture have offered new and more complex negotiations of presidential politics through depictions of fictional American presidents. While in the past American popular culture celebrated the president as overwhelmingly positive, larger-than-life figure, recent representations have introduced more complex characters who face, or even trigger, complicated and morally ambiguous conflicts. This article investigates how The West Wing, House of Cards and Veep, three political TV shows, make use of the emerging trope of a brokered nomination convention in order to question one-dimensional fictional representations of the American president and presidential politics

“Lots of doctoring, with great success”: Healthcare within the Port Royal Experiment and the Work of Laura M. Towne

In 1862, Laura M. Towne – abolitionist, teacher, educator, and trained homeopath – joined the Port Royal Experiment, a project initiated by Northern benevolent societies to provide education and relief for former slaves on the South Carolina Sea Islands, which had been occupied by Union troops in late 1861. On the Sea Islands as well as in broader Northern culture, healthcare for freedpeople – and freedpeople’s health – soon became controversial topics. This article traces how Towne as homeopathic practitioner uses medical tropes in autobiographic documents intended for publication or circulation in the North to increase her own authority within a wartime discourse and how, at the same time, she avoids reflection about medical crises

How Peter Became Pope

Giovanni do Medici was made Abbot of Fonte-dolce at the age of seven, Pope Sixtus IV confirming the grant. When thirteen, he was made a cardinal by Pope Innocent VIII. Lorenzo the Magnificent sent his boy cardinal to Rome with a warning agamid the fashionable society in that sink of all iniquity An Italian proverb ran, Rome seen, faith lost. Froude declares that no imagination could invent, no malice could exaggerate, what the papal court really became under Alexander VI and Julius II and Leo X.” Leo X became Pope in 1513 and had to near to reform his court from top to bottom. As early as 1516 Jerome Aleander told Leo thousands in Germany were only waiting the word to cry out against Rome. Cardinal Pucci said at the Lateran Council in 1516: \u27\u27Rome, the Roman prelates, and the bishops sent out daily from Rome, we together are the causes of so many errors and corruptions in the Church. If we do not regain our good name, which is almost wholly lost, everything will be ruined

Erasmus\u27s Pictures of Church Conditions

Sir Walter Scott\u27s Quentin Durward and Charles Reade\u27s The Cloister and the Hearth give us pictures of Europe just before the Reformation; but we get clearer ones with the candid-camera eyes of Erasmus, the greatest of the Humanists. And what the writer saw at seventy-five he\u27d like to show his brethren of twenty-five

How Peter Became Pope

In the tenth century camo the rule of the prostitutes -Theodora and her daughters, Theodora and Marozia. As ambitious as they were beautiful, they obtained the greatest influence in Rome by a prodigal prostitution of their charms. The supreme power in Rome was for a while practically in the hands of these licentious women. Rome, says a contemporary chronicler, fell under the yoke of women. As we read in the prophet: \u27The effeminate shall rule over them,\u27 Is. 3, 4

How Peter Became Pope

Alexander VII, 1655-1667. Fabio Chigi protested as papal nuntius against the peace of Muenster and Osnabrueck, and thereupon Pope Innocent X condemned all concessions to Protestants in the Pence of Westphalia. He got Innocent X to condemn the five propositions of the Augustines of Jansenius of Port Royal

How Peter Become Pope

The Papacy, such as the West knew it in a later age, had not yet \u27been born - in the fourth century, says Duchesne. For stating this historical truth the French Catholic scholar’s History of the Chruch was placed on the Index.\u27\u27 Julius I, 337-352, called a synod to Rome in 340, but the Orientals sent an insulting refusal. When he, in 341, reproved some Eastern bishops for calling a synod at Antioch without his permission, they laughed and told him Christianity arose in the East, and if there were any question of superiority, such belonged to the elder, Oriental, rather than to the younger, Western, branch. (Schick, p. 87.) The synod strictly forbade another synod to try a deposed bishop. Julius rejected the twenty-nine canons of Antioch, the first Pope to claim papal confirmation necessary to the reception of canons. Pope Innocent I, about sixty years later, rejected these canons, yet they were accepted de facto, and by the Council of Chalcedon de jure, and embodied in the code of the Roman Church itself. So, then, papal confirmation is not necessary to the reception of canons

How Peter Beame Pope

From Victor III to John XXII, 1086-133