Breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma

Review on Breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma with clinics and the genes involve

Disseminated Juvenile Xanthogranuloma

Review on Disseminated Juvenile Xanthogranuloma, with data on clinics, and the genes involved

Assessing knowledge of, and attitudes to, HIV/AIDS among university students in the United Arab Emirates

© 2016 Haroun et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Background: The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region is among the top two regions in the world with the fastest growing HIV epidemic. In this context, risks and vulnerability are high as the epidemic is on the rise with evidence indicating significantly increasing HIV prevalence, new HIV infections and AIDS-related deaths. Objective: The aim of the survey was to assess HIV/AIDS knowledge and attitudes related to HIV/ AIDS among a wide group of university students in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Methods: In a cross-sectional survey, a total sample of 2,294 students (406 male; 1,888 female) from four universities in three different Emirates in the UAE were approached to take part in the study. Students self-completed a questionnaire that was designed to measure their knowledge and attitudes to HIV/AIDS. Results: The overall average knowledge score of HIV.AIDS was 61%. Non-Emirati and postgraduates demonstrated higher levels of knowledge compared to Emirati and undergraduate students respectively. No significant differences between males and females; and marital status were found. Eighty-five percent of students expressed negative attitudes towards people living with HIV, with Emirati and single students significantly holding more negative attitudes compared to non-Emiratis and those that are married respectively. Conclusions: The findings provide strong evidence that there is a need to advocate for appropriate National HIV/AIDS awareness raising campaigns in universities to reduce the gaps in knowledge and decrease stigmatizing attitudes towards people living with HIV/AIDS

Histiocytic Sarcoma

Histiocytic Sarcoma (HS) is a rare hematologic malignancy that belongs to the group of histiocytic and dendritic cell neoplasms. The causal etiology of HS is unknown. The clinical course is very aggressive

Interdigitating Dendritic Cell Sarcoma

Interdigitating Dendritic Cell Sarcoma (IDCS) is a very uncommon neoplasm embedded in the group of histiocytic and dendritic cell neoplasms. IDCS is a diagnosis of exclusion, being mandatory the preclusion of follicular dendritic cell sarcoma, histiocytic sarcoma, melanoma, and metastases, among another neoplasm. The clinical course is aggressive. BRAF V600E has been reported in IDCS

Indeterminate Dendritic Cell Tumor

Indeterminate dendritic cell tumor (IDCT) is an extremely rare hematopoietic malignancy. The indeterminate cells are considered a precursor stage of skin dendritic or Langerhans cells. IDCT is frequently misdiagnosed as another dendritic or histiocytic cell neoplasm, with Langerhans cell histiocytosis being the most common. Recently, cases with recurrent ETV3/NCOA2 translocation have been described

Subtype-Specific and Co-Occurring Genetic Alterations in B-cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL) encompasses multiple clinically and phenotypically distinct subtypes of malignancy with unique molecular etiologies. Common subtypes of B-NHL, such as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, have been comprehensively interrogated at the genomic level, but rarer subtypes, such as mantle cell lymphoma, remain less extensively characterized. Furthermore, multiple B-NHL subtypes have thus far not been comprehensively compared using the same methodology to identify conserved or subtype-specific patterns of genomic alterations. Here, we employed a large targeted hybrid-capture sequencing approach encompassing 380 genes to interrogate the genomic landscapes of 685 B-NHL tumors at high depth, including diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, and Burkitt lymphoma. We identified conserved hallmarks of B-NHL that were deregulated in the majority of tumors from each subtype, including frequent genetic deregulation of the ubiquitin proteasome system. In addition, we identified subtype-specific patterns of genetic alterations, including clusters of co-occurring mutations and DNA copy number alterations. The cumulative burden of mutations within a single cluster were more discriminatory of B-NHL subtypes than individual mutations, implicating likely patterns of genetic cooperation that contribute to disease etiology. We therefore provide the first cross-sectional analysis of mutations and DNA copy number alterations across major B-NHL subtypes and a framework of co-occurring genetic alterations that deregulate genetic hallmarks and likely cooperate in lymphomagenesis