Microscopic lesions present in the untreated and in the first 72 hours after treatment.

<p>A. Microfilariae in dermal vessels. B. Eosinophil accumulation in the tissues, a typical response in the first 24 hours, C. Blood vessel free of mf- many normal vessels can also be seen free of mf in this phase, D. Accumulation of mf in the lymphoid tissues, an event that is common within the first 2–3 days, E. Fibrin deposition (red) on the walls of a cerebral vessel. F. Area of mf degeneration and eosinophil accumulation/degranulation in a lymph node.</p

Presence and extent of histo-pathological changes in different organs (No. of animals per group).

<p>Presence and extent of histo-pathological changes in different organs (No. of animals per group).</p

Microscopic lesions present in the untreated and in the first 72 hours after treatment.

<p>A. Microfilariae in dermal vessels. B. Eosinophil accumulation in the tissues, a typical response in the first 24 hours, C. Blood vessel free of mf- many normal vessels can also be seen free of mf in this phase, D. Accumulation of mf in the lymphoid tissues, an event that is common within the first 2–3 days, E. Fibrin deposition (red) on the walls of a cerebral vessel. F. Area of mf degeneration and eosinophil accumulation/degranulation in a lymph node.</p

The typical behavioral response after treatment: Depression and reluctance to participate in normal activities.

<p>The typical behavioral response after treatment: Depression and reluctance to participate in normal activities.</p

Changes in <i>Loa</i> mf loads with different treatment regimes.

<p>: ivermectin alone (IVM), ivermectin and aspirin (IVM+ASA), and ivermectin and prednisone (IVM+PSE).</p

Blood peripheral mf loads before and after different treatments.

<p>Blood peripheral mf loads before and after different treatments.</p

Potential pathogenesis of Loa encephalopathy following the ivermectin treatment of Loa hyper-microfilaraemic individuals.

<p>Potential pathogenesis of Loa encephalopathy following the ivermectin treatment of Loa hyper-microfilaraemic individuals.</p

Microscopic lesions present in the treated animals more than 72 hours after treatment.

<p>A. Adult L. loa worm in connective tissue beneath the skin. B. Blocked CNS vessel comprised of eosinophils, fibrin, macrophages and parasite debris. C. Blocked CNS vessels with associated damage (vacuolation of the parenchyma). D. Intact microfilariae caught in a cellular intravascular mass in the CNS, E. A degenerating mf in a capillary of the CNS and surrounded by fibrin. F. Area of vascular and parenchymal damage in the CNS predominately filled with macrophages and eosinophils.</p

Distribution of L. loa mf in the tissues of different organs in the four experimental groups: Control animals, animals given ivermectin alone, animals given ivermectin and aspirin animals, and animals given ivermectin and prednisone.

<p>Distribution of L. loa mf in the tissues of different organs in the four experimental groups: Control animals, animals given ivermectin alone, animals given ivermectin and aspirin animals, and animals given ivermectin and prednisone.</p