Effects of repetitive magnetic stimulation therapy on motor activity and neuronal survival after spinal cord injury

Omurilik hasarı sonrası zarar gören aksonların kollateral dallanması ve propriospinal nöronlar ile sinaps yaparak intraspinal ve supraspinal seviyede yeni aksonal ağlar kurabildiği bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmada tekrarlayan transkraniyal manyetik simülasyon tedavisinin (tTMS) omurilik yari kesi hasarı sonrası fonksiyonel geri kazanım, atrofi, aksonal sağ kalım ve kollateral dal üretebilme etkilerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada 8-12 haftalık erkek Balb/c farelerin T10 vertebra seviyesinde omurilikte yari kesi meydana getirilerek sağ alt ekstremitede hemipleji oluşturulmuştur. Hasar ardından 28 gün boyunca fareler transkraniyal ve transspinal olarak 1Hz veya 20Hz frekansları kullanılarak tedavi edilmiştir. Tedavi surecinde sağ arka ayaktaki lokomotor aktivite, motor kabiliyet ve motor fonksiyonlar takip edilmiştir. Tedavi ardından omurilikte meydana gelen atrofi, aksonal sağ kalım ve aksonal yolakların bütünlüğü incelenmiştir. Gruplar karşılaştırıldığında lokal ve transkraniyal olarak 1Hz frekansla uyarılan grupların sağ arka ayağında motor kabiliyetlerin ve genel lokomotor aktivitenin kontrole oranla arttığı görülmüştür. Davranıştaki sonuçlar elektrofizyolojik deneylerle desteklendiğinde bu grupların bacak kaslarındaki motor uyandırılmış potansiyelde daha hızlı cevap oluştuğu bulunmuştur. Ayrıca 1Hz tedavisi hücre gövdesinin distalindeki aksonların bulunduğu dorsal funiculus atrofisini azaltırken bu aksonlardaki dejenerasyonu önleyip yeni akson kolaterallerinin oluşmasını sağladığı gözlemlenmiştir. Düşük frekansta verilen tTMS tedavisi aksonlarda yeni yolakların oluşumunu sağlayarak zarar görmüş sinyal yolunun tekrar tamir edilmesi ve fonksiyonel iyileşmenin sağlandığını göstermektedir. Non-invazif bir tedavi olan tTMS tedavisinin dolaysı ile merkezi sinir sistemi yaralanmalarında kullanılabilecek alternative bir tedavi yöntemi olabileceği düşünülmektedir.After spinal cord injury, damaged axons can sprout axon collaterals and form new intraspinal or supraspinal circuits by interact with propriospinal neurons. In this study, the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) therapy on functionel recovery, atrophy, axonal survival and axonal sproutings after lateral hemisection injury on spinal cord was investigated. 8-12 week old male Balb/c mice were submitted tolateral hemisection in T10 level by transecting right side of the spinal cord and leaving left side intact, causing hemiplegia in lower extremities. After injury, mice were treated with low or high frequency rTMS therapy for 28 days. Within the therapy process, motor skills and the locomotor activity was assessed in right hindlimb. After therapy, effects of rTMS on cord atrophy, axonal survival and stability of the axonal circuits was evaluated. Findings show that when low frequency rTMS apllied either with transcranial or transspinal, the motor activity of the right hindlimb and the general locomotor activity were significantly increased. Latency periods in the motor evoked potentials of the gastrocnemius muscle were also further strengthen the functional recovery data, where the low frequency therapy significantly reduce the latency period of muscle contraction. Atrophy in dorsal funiculus area and the degeneration of distal axons were also reduced by low frequency therapy. Together data show that low frequency therapy can aid the formation of new axonal circuits and increase functional recovery after lateral hemisection injury on spinal cord. Non-invasive rTMS therapy therefore can be a promising therapy method for the central nervous system injuries

Investigation of the effects of lithium after long-term spinal cord injury

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Neuroprotective effect of diet restricted preconditioning on cerebral ischemia in mice

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The effect of Oatp1a5 on drug accumulation and injury upon ischemic stroke

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Effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on motor activity and neuronal survival after spinal cord injury

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Effects of circadian rhythm on brain injury and related molecular mechanisims

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Cinnamon polyphenol extract exerts neuroprotective activity in traumatic brain injury in male mice

WOS: 000441417400005PubMed ID: 29714150Introduction: Cinnamon polyphenol extract is a traditional spice commonly used in different areas of the world for the treatment of different disease conditions which are associated with inflammation and oxidative stress. Despite many preclinical studies showing the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of cinnamon, the underlying mechanisms in signaling pathways via which cinnamon protects the brain after brain trauma remained largely unknown. However, there is still no preclinical study delineating the possible molecular mechanism of neuroprotective effects cinnamon polyphenol extract in Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). The primary aim of the current study was to test the hypothesis that cinnamon polyphenol extract administration would improve the histopathological outcomes and exert neuroprotective activity through its antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties following TBI. Methods: To investigate the effects of cinnamon, we induced brain injury using a cold trauma model in male mice that were treated with cinnamon polyphenol extract (10 mg/kg) or vehicle via intraperitoneal administration just after TBI. Mice were divided into two groups: TBI+vehicle group and TBI+ cinnamon polyphenol extract group. Brain samples were collected 24 h later for analysis. Results: We have shown that cinnamon polyphenol extract effectively reduced infarct and edema formation which were associated with significant alterations in inflammatory and oxidative parameters, including nuclear factor-KB, interleukin 1-beta, interleukin 6, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, glial fibrillary acidic protein, neural cell adhesion molecule, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase. Conclusion: Our results identify an important neuroprotective role of cinnamon polyphenol extract in TBI which is mediated by its capability to suppress the inflammation and oxidative injury. Further, specially designed experimental studies to understand the molecular cross-talk between signaling pathways would provide valuable evidence for the therapeutic role of cinnamon in TBI and other TBI related conditions

Allyl isothiocyanate enhances brain neuronal plasticity proteins via inhibition of inflammation proteins

Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Sports-Medicine (ACSM) -- MAY 29-JUN 02, 2018 -- Minneapolis, MNWOS: 000456870503166…American College of Sports Medicin

The role of solute carrier oatp1a4 in brain injury pharmacotherapy

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Effects of normobaric oxygen and melatonin treatment on newborn hypoxia plasiticity

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