Clinical study of central serous chorioretinopathy presenting in a tertiary care centre

Background: Central Serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) is one of the common causes of visual handicap affecting young people of highly intellectual professionals at the peak of their career which can lead to irrecoverable loss of vision.Methods: The present prospective observational population-based study was conducted in the Department of Ophthalmology, S.C.B. Medical College, Cuttack, Odisha from October 2013 to September 2015. The total number of patients attended the Outpatient Department (OPD) during the study period were 1,83,199. Amongst which 123 patients diagnosed to have CSCR were selected for the present study.Results: Incidence of CSCR during in this study period was 0.06%. The age group most commonly affected was 31 to 40 years. Males were affected 7 times more commonly than females. Increased incidence was noticed in bank employees (21.1 %) and IT professionals (17.8%).Conclusions: There was increased incidence of the disease in people under stressful life condition

THE MAGNITUDE AND TYPE OF POSTOPERATIVE ASTIGMATISM AFTER SMALL INCISION CATARACT SURGERY AT A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE: A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY.

Background: Cataract is the leading cause of blindness accounting for 51% of blindness worldwide. Manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS) is the most popular surgical management option for cataracts in developing countries. The location, size, and shape of incisions used in MSICS influence postoperative surgically induced astigmatism (SIA).  Objective: The aim was to study the magnitude and type of postoperative astigmatism after cataract surgery (MSICS with posterior chamber intraocular lens i.e., PCIOL) by using different sites and shapes for incisions. Methods: This prospective observational study included 104 patients presenting to the Department of Ophthalmology M.K.C.G Medical College, Berhampur who had undergone cataract surgery (MSICS) over one year from September 2020 to August 2021. Results: Mean surgically induced astigmatism was 1D±0.4840 at the postoperative 3rd month. Superior incisions induced more postoperative astigmatism as compared to Supertemporal and temporal incisions. Straight incision induced more postoperative astigmatism as compared to frown and inverted V or Chevron incision.  Conclusions: The site, size, and shape of incisions used in MSICS influence postoperative astigmatism. Incision at the steeper meridian is a simple, safe, and effective procedure to correct mild to moderate preoperative astigmatism at the time of cataract surgery. Recommendation: Some surgeons recommend the use of a temporal incision to minimize SIA, as the temporal limbus is further forming the visual axis than the superior limbus

A clinical study on retinopathy of prematurity in a tertiary care centre

Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a multifactorial vasoproliferative retinal disorder that increases in incidence with decreasing gestational age. India shares 20% of the world childhood blindness. Besides congenital cataract, congenital glaucoma and ocular injuries, ROP is emerging as one of the important causes of childhood blindness in India.Methods: This hospital based prospective study was undertaken during October 2016 to September 2018 in the Department of Ophthalmology, SCB Medical College. Authors included (a) all preterm infants weighing less than 1750gm or gestational age less than 34 weeks at birth, (b) infants with birth weight between 1750gm to 2000gm and gestational age more than 34 weeks (late preterm and term infants) those were considered as high risk.Results: Among the 328 babies included in our study, the incidence of ROP was 29.57%. Bilateral ROP was found in 76.29% with nearly equal stages in both eyes and only 23 neonates showed unilateral involvement.Conclusions: Low birth weight, lower gestational age, blood transfusion, Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS), apnoea, supplemental oxygen therapy, maternal anaemia and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) were strongly associated with development of ROP

RISK FACTORS AND OUTCOME OF DRY EYE DISEASE IN EASTERN ODISHA AMONG ADULTS AGED 18 YEARS AND OLDER, A HOSPITAL-BASED STUDY.

Introduction: Dry eye disease (DED) is one of the most common chronic diseases of the ocular surface with a growing public health problem frequently encountered in ophthalmic practice. Objectives: To study the prevalence and demographic profile and evaluate the various risk factors attributable to dry eye in a hospital-based population. Methods: This cross-sectional, population-based prospective study consists of 307 cases with DED of ages above 18 years attending the ophthalmology department or referred from other departments of SCB Medical College Hospital, Cuttack in Odisha from October 2017 to September 2019.      Results: DED patients over 40 constituted 60.2% with a female-male ratio of 1.24:1. Keratoconjunctivitis sicca was commonly found in elderly of more than 40 years of age. Foreign body sensation was the most common symptom 267(86.9%). Tear film breakup time was used to assess the stability of precorneal tear film, it is a reliable and repeatable test for dry eye and it is minimally invasive. Conclusion: Dry eye is an under-diagnosed ocular disorder. DED evaluation with an appropriate questionnaire and standard tests helps in early diagnosis, appropriate management, and patient satisfaction with a better quality of life. &nbsp