Have Asian airlines caught up with European Airlines? A by-production efficiency analysis

This paper extends previous approaches to meta-efficiency measures by incorporating meta-frontiers using good-output, bad-output and by-production efficiencies to compare European and Asian airlines. We also examine whether the heterogeneity in environmental regulatory standards between these regions has emboldened Asian airlines to be less eco-friendly and/or more market-share seeking. We find that the environmental performance of European airlines improved continuously between 2007 and 2013, unlike their competitors in Asia. We argue that this improvement in the environmental performance of the European airlines could be an outcome of the European Emission Trading Scheme (ETS), which set incentives for European airlines to renew their fleets and optimise their operations. Our technological gap ratio estimates also point to some Asian airlines outperforming all other airlines on technological measures, indicating they operate in a more favourable business environment. Overall, our method contributes to the methodological enhancement of data envelopment analysis (DEA) and allows deeper insights into firm operations in general, and environmental efficiency analysis of European and Asian airlines in particular

Evaluating airline operational performance: A Luenberger-Hicks-Moorsteen productivity indicator

This study proposes a by-production Luenberger-Hicks-Moorsteen indicator that includes undesirable outputs, here CO2 emissions, in airline performance analysis. We use capital and staff as inputs and tonne-kilometres available as a desirable output to evaluate operation stage efficiency and productivity of the world\u27s major airlines between 2007 and 2013. Our results demonstrate European airlines are relatively stronger performers in terms of both pollution-adjusted operational efficiency and productivity. Middle-Eastern airlines have made gains in terms of output growth but perform poorly in terms of pollution-adjusted productivity, evidence that ETSs may produce greener airlines

Latent Class Modelling for a Robust Assessment of Productivity: Application to French Grazing Livestock Farms

Our objective is to extend the latent class stochastic frontier (LCSFM) model to compute productivity change, using the robust transitive productivity Färe-Primont index. The application is to three types of grazing livestock farms in France over the period 2002–2016. The LCSFM identified two classes of farms, intensive farms and extensive farms. Results indicate that productivity change and its components show only small differences between the LCSFM and the pooled model that does not account for heterogeneity. Differences across classes exist, but depend on farm type.ISSN:0021-857XISSN:1477-955

Three decades of productivity change in French beef production: a F€are-Primont index decomposition

The F€are-Primont index is used to evaluate total factor productivity (TFP) change and its components for a sample of French suckler cow farms in grassland areas in 1985– 2014. The results reveal an increase in TFP of 6.6 per cent over the whole observation period, with technological progress being the major source of productivity growth. Meanwhile, efficiency decreased. Farms experienced great technological progress from 1991 to 2000. From a methodological point of view, the comparison with results obtained with Malmquist indexes shows similar trends but different magnitudes, with the Malmquist index overestimating the TFP and technological changes compared to the F€are-Primont index. In addition, the use of a sequential approach that restricts technological change to being positive or null allows for the precise calculation of technology changes, disregarding the effects of external conditions that are captured in efficiency changes. Finally, the estimation of full dimensional efficient facets (FDEFs) that guarantees the positivity of all shadow prices used to assess the mix efficiency component of TFP change is promising

LIFT Deliverable D3.1 Farm technical-economic performance depending on the degree of ecological approaches

This document presents the results of Task 3.2 (farm technical-economic performance) in workpackage (WP) 3 (farm performance of ecological agriculture) of the LIFT project. The overall aim of Task 3.2 is to assess and compare technical-economic farm performance across the European Union (EU) depending on the degree of ecological approaches adopted by farms and analyse drivers, affecting their performance