Connecting with anxiety via text messages

本稿では、中村[2003]の先行研究によって明らかになった携帯メールと孤独不安の関連について、さらなる検討・考察を加える。2004年の予備調査および2005年の大学生調査の分析結果からは、携帯メールの利用頻度と孤独不安とが正の相関を示すことが確認され、また、携帯メール利用と孤独不安が互いに互いを高めるような螺旋状の増幅過程の存する可能性が示唆された。宮台[2005]はこうした「悪循環」の過程の背後には対人不信が潜んでいると論じているが、2003年の全国調査のデータを再分析した結果からは、孤独不安と一般的信頼尺度はむしろ正の相関関係にあることが認められた。山岸[1998]の信頼に関する議論にしたがえば、この結果は、関係性の流動化による社会的不確実状況への適応として、関係性への敏感さが求められつつ、そのことがまた関係性の不安の感じやすさにつながっているものと解釈できる。Nakamura (2003) found a correlation between the use of text messages and the anxiety of loneliness. This paper reexamines and develops Nakamura\u27s findings. Questionnaire surveys of university students were conducted in 2004 and 2005, and the results confirm a positive correlation between frequencies of using text messages and anxiety of loneliness. Furthermore it is suggested that there is a spiral process in which usage of text messages and anxiety of loneliness amplify each other. Miyadai (2005) regards such a process as a "vicious" spiral caused by interpersonal distrust. However, reanalysis of national survey data in 2003 shows that general trust correlates positively with anxiety of loneliness. According to the theory of general trust proposed by Yamagishi (1998) this correlation means that greater social mobility enhances both sensitivity and anxiety about interpersonal relationships.対人関係の光と影 : 「絆」の形成、拒絶、そして崩壊の社会心理学的研

Transcript levels of the nuclear-encoded respiratory genes in rice decrease by oxygen deprivation: evidence for involvement of calcium in expression of the alternative oxidase 1a gene

AbstractWe investigated the effect of oxygen on the expressions of respiratory genes encoded in the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Hypoxic treatment decreased the transcript levels of nuclear-encoded, but not mitochondrial-encoded respiratory genes. The effects of ruthenium red (an inhibitor of Ca2+ fluxes from organelles) and/or CaCl2 on plants under hypoxic conditions suggested that Ca2+ is a physiological transducer of a low-oxygen signaling pathway for expression of the alternative oxidase 1a gene (AOX1a), but not for expressions of genes involved in the cytochrome respiratory pathway, in rice

Significant Bauschinger effect and back stress strengthening in an ultrafine grained pure aluminum fabricated by severe plastic deformation process

Bauschinger test in uniaxial tension-compression mode was carried out for the first time on the pure Al specimens having homogeneous ultra-fine grained (UFG) microstructures fabricated by equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) and subsequent annealing processes. Significant Bauschinger stress (transient softening), Bauschinger energy parameter and their strong dependences on the tensile plastic pre-strain at the very early stage of the tensile deformation were measured in the UFG specimens, in sharp contrast to their coarse-grained (CG) counterpart. The grain size dependence of the Bauschinger effect in pure Al was qualitatively discussed in terms of the back stress arising from the formation of dislocation pile-up against the grain boundary during plastic deformation