Milnor K-theory of complete discrete valuation rings with finite residue fields

Consider a complete discrete valuation ring $\mathcal{O}$ with quotient field $F$ and finite residue field. Then the inclusion map $\mathcal{O} \hookrightarrow F$ induces a map $\hat{\mathrm{K}}^\mathrm{M}_*\mathcal{O} \to \hat{\mathrm{K}}^\mathrm{M}_*F$ on improved Milnor K-theory. We show that this map is an isomorphism in degrees bigger or equal to 3. This implies the Gersten conjecture for improved Milnor K-theory. This result is new in the $p$-adic case.Comment: 18 pages. An edited version will appear in J. Pure Appl. Algebra (2017

K-theory of admissible Zariski-Riemann spaces

We study relative algebraic K-theory of admissible Zariski-Riemann spaces and prove that it is equivalent to G-theory and satisfies homotopy invariance. Moreover, we provide an example of a non-noetherian abelian category whose negative K-theory vanishes.Comment: 16 pages. Comments welcome! arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1910.1043

On continuous K-theory and cohomology of rigid spaces

This thesis establishes a connection between continuous K-theory on the one hand and cohomology of rigid spaces on the other hand. Given an rigid analytic space over a complete discretely valued field, its continuous K-groups vanish in degrees below the negative of the dimension. Likewise, the cohomology groups vanish in degrees above the dimension. The main result of this thesis provides the existence of an isomorphism between the lowest possibly non-vanishing continuous K-group and the highest possibly non-vanishing cohomology group with integral coefficients. A key role in the proof is played by a comparison between cohomology groups of a Zariski-Riemann space with respect to different topologies; namely, the rh-topology which is related to K-theory as well as the Zariski topology whereon the cohomology groups in question rely

Characterization of shifts of koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) intestinal microbial communities associated with antibiotic treatment.

Koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus) are arboreal marsupials native to Australia that eat a specialized diet of almost exclusively eucalyptus leaves. Microbes in koala intestines are known to break down otherwise toxic compounds, such as tannins, in eucalyptus leaves. Infections by Chlamydia, obligate intracellular bacterial pathogens, are highly prevalent in koala populations. If animals with Chlamydia infections are received by wildlife hospitals, a range of antibiotics can be used to treat them. However, previous studies suggested that koalas can suffer adverse side effects during antibiotic treatment. This study aimed to use 16S rRNA gene sequences derived from koala feces to characterize the intestinal microbiome of koalas throughout antibiotic treatment and identify specific taxa associated with koala health after treatment. Although differences in the alpha diversity were observed in the intestinal flora between treated and untreated koalas and between koalas treated with different antibiotics, these differences were not statistically significant. The alpha diversity of microbial communities from koalas that lived through antibiotic treatment versus those who did not was significantly greater, however. Beta diversity analysis largely confirmed the latter observation, revealing that the overall communities were different between koalas on antibiotics that died versus those that survived or never received antibiotics. Using both machine learning and OTU (operational taxonomic unit) co-occurrence network analyses, we found that OTUs that are very closely related to Lonepinella koalarum, a known tannin degrader found by culture-based methods to be present in koala intestines, was correlated with a koala's health status. This is the first study to characterize the time course of effects of antibiotics on koala intestinal microbiomes. Our results suggest it may be useful to pursue alternative treatments for Chlamydia infections without the use of antibiotics or the development of Chlamydia-specific antimicrobial compounds that do not broadly affect microbial communities

DETERMINING MEASUREMENT REQUIREMENTS FOR WHOLE BUILDING ENERGY MODEL CALIBRATION

Energy retrofits of existing buildings reduce grid requirements for new generation and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. However, it is difficult to estimate energy savings, both at the individual building and entire building stock level, because building energy models are poorly calibrated to actual building performance. This uncertainty has made it difficult to prioritize research and development and incentive programs for building technologies at the utility, state, and federal level. This research seeks to make it easier to generate building energy models for existing buildings, and to calibrate buildings at the stock level, to create accurate commercial building load forecasts. Once calibrated, these building models can be used as seeds to other building energy model calibration approaches and to help utility, state, and federal actors to identify promising energy saving technologies in commercial buildings. This research details the economics of a building energy retrofit at a singular building; contributes significantly to the development of ComStock, a model of the commercial building stock in the U.S.; identifies important parameters for calibrating ComStock; and calibrates ComStock for an example utility region of Fort Collins, CO against individual commercial building interval data. A study of retrofit costs finds that measure cost and model uncertainty are the most significant sources of variation in retrofit financial performance, followed financing cost. A wide range of greenhouse gas pricing scenarios show they have little impact on the financial performance of whole building retrofits. A sensitivity analysis of ComStock model inputs across an exhaustive range of models identifies 19 parameters that explain 80 of energy use and 25 parameters that explain 90% of energy use. Building floor area alone explains 41% of energy use. Finally, a comparison of ComStock to Fort Collins, CO interval meter data shows a 6.92% normalized mean bias error and a 16.55% coefficient of variation of root mean square error based on normalized annual energy per floor area. Improvements in meter classification and ComStock model variability will further improve model fit and provide an accurate means of modeling the commercial building stock

Acceptance of Animal Husbandry Practices: The Consumer Perspective

Everything consumers do involves making a choice. Looking at these choices, an increasing consumer interest in food products bearing labels identifying non-tangible attributes has been observed over the last years. Consumer concern relates not only to the issue as to what is produced and which product attributes are present in final products, but the growing sentiment relates also to the question of how food is produced in general. Consumers question fairness and justness of production processes with regard to producers (e.g., fair trade labelling) or animals (e.g., animal welfare labelling) and demand support for local supply chains. As a result, certain food production technologies are stigmatized in certain parts of the society. Thereby stigma is defined as “[…] a mark placed on a person, place, technology, or product, associated with a particular attribute that identifies it as different and deviant, flawed, or undesirable.” (Kasperson, Jhaveri & Kasperson, 2001:19).Human values are thought to be at the root of the stigmatization of certain food production technologies. A systematic analysis of human values was introduced in the seminal book by Milton Rokeach in 1973. He defines values “an enduring belief that a specific mode of conduct or end-state of existence is personally and socially preferable to alternative modes of conduct or end-states of existence.” Values hence transgress situations and time. Later work by Schwartz (1994) has refined the definition of values and developed a value survey instrument that links values to ten different value domains. He arranges these along a two-folded dichotomy of self-enhancement versus self-transgression and openness to change versus conservation. In consequence, some of these values relate to egoistic versus altruistic versus biospheric values. Thereby egoistic values refer to an egocentric orientation, altruistic values refer to a homocentric orientation and biospheric values refer to an ecocentric orientation (De Groot & Steg, 2008)

Tree Species and Their Space Requirements in Six Urban Environments Worldwide

Urban trees have gained in importance during recent decades, but little is known about the temporal dynamic of tree growth in urban areas. The present study investigated the allometric relationships of stem diameter, tree height, and crown radius for six different tree species in six metropolises worldwide. Increment cores of the trees were used for identifying the relationship of basal area and basal area increment and for extrapolating the temporal dynamics for each species in relation to the allometric parameters and growth extensions. Space limitation and its direct influence on growth were quantified, as well as the aboveground woody biomass and the carbon storage capacity. The results show that, among the investigated species, Quercus nigra and Khaya senegalensis have the highest growth rates for stem diameter and crown radius, whereas Tilia cordata and Aesculus hippocastanum remain on a lower level. A significant reduction of tree growth due to restricted non-paved area was found for Aesculus hippocastanum and Khaya senegalensis. Estimations of aboveground biomass were highest for Quercus nigra and lowest for Tilia cordata. These results show the species-specific allometries of urban trees over a projected time period. Thus, the data set is highly relevant for planners and urban green managers

TRENDS IN INJECTION DRUG USE IN TEXAS TREATMENT FACILITY ADMISSIONS

This is a serial cross-sectional secondary analysis of drug treatment admissions records from the TEDS-A from years 2013-2017. The prevalence of injected drug use was calculated for each year and analyzed across the five-year period using a chi-square test to determine the presence of significant change in injection drug use from 2013 to 2017. Prevalence of injection drug use also will be calculated for each year by drug type (heroin, methamphetamine, and cocaine), age, sex, ethnicity and race, and will be analyzed for trends using a chi-square test