Flight control electronics reliability/maintenance study

Collection and analysis of data are reported that concern the reliability and maintenance experience of flight control system electronics currently in use on passenger carrying jet aircraft. Two airlines B-747 airplane fleets were analyzed to assess the component reliability, system functional reliability, and achieved availability of the CAT II configuration flight control system. Also assessed were the costs generated by this system in the categories of spare equipment, schedule irregularity, and line and shop maintenance. The results indicate that although there is a marked difference in the geographic location and route pattern between the airlines studied, there is a close similarity in the reliability and the maintenance costs associated with the flight control electronics

Kualitas Penetasan Kista Artemia yang Dibudidaya pada Berbagai Tingkat Perubahan Salinitas

Kualitas kista artemia tergantung tingginya nilai derajat dan efisiensi penetasan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kapan (waktu) Perubahan salinitas dan berapa besarnya Perubahan salinitas tersebut yang dicirikan nilai derajat dan efisiensi penetasan sebagai indikator kualitas artemia.penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok. Faktor pertama terdiri dari dua, yaitu A (menaikkan salinitas pada hari ke9) dan B (menaikkan salinitas pada hari ke 15). Faktor kedua terdiri dari empat, yaitu peningkatan salinitas I (100; 100; 100;140 g/kg), II (100; 100; 140; 140 g/kg), III (100; 140; 140; 140 g/kg) dan IV (100; 110; 125;140 g/kg), dan dengan 3 kelompok warna yaitu biru, merah dan hijau. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan sidik ragam dan bila memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan B II menghasilkan derajat penetasan paling tinggi, sedangkan efisiensi penetasan paling tinggi terdapat pada perlakuan AIII

Kualitas Penetasan Kista Artemia yang Dibudidaya pada Berbagai Tingkat Perubahan Salinitas

Kualitas kista artemia tergantung tingginya nilai derajat dan efisiensi penetasan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kapan (waktu) Perubahan salinitas dan berapa besarnya Perubahan salinitas tersebut yang dicirikan nilai derajat dan efisiensi penetasan sebagai indikator kualitas artemia. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok. Faktor pertama terdiri dari dua, yaitu A (menaikkan salinitas pada hari ke 9) dan B (menaikkan salinitas pada hari ke 15). Faktor kedua terdiri dari empat, yaitu peningkatan salinitas I (100; 100; 100;140 g/kg), II (100; 100; 140; 140 g/kg), III (100; 140; 140; 140 g/kg) dan IV (100; 110; 125; 140 g/kg), dan dengan 3 kelompok warna yaitu biru, merah dan hijau. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan sidik ragam dan bila memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan B II menghasilkan derajat penetasan paling tinggi, sedangkan efisiensi penetasan paling tinggi terdapat pada perlakuan AIII

Pengobatan Alternatif Penyakit Tulang Studi Kasus Kearifan Lokal Para Terapis Penyakit Tulang di Wilayah Jawa Barat

Penelitian tentang pengobatan alternatif penyakit tulang ini dilakukan dengan tujuan, pertama, untuk mengungkap faktor-faktor yang menjadi alasan pengobatan alternatif penyakit tulang masih sangat diminati oleh masyarakat; kedua, menjelaskan kearifan lokal yang digunakan oleh para terapis penyakit tulang dalam praktik pengobatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif-kualitatif yang bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kearifan lokal para terapis penyakit tulang di wilayah Jawa Barat. Pengumpulan datanya dilakukan melalui studi lapangan, wawancara, dan studi pustaka. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian lapangan adalah terungkapnya alasan masyarakat masih menggunakan jasa pengobatan tradisional. Alasan itu meliputi alasan praktis, ekonomis, berdaya guna, dan berhasil guna. Selain itu, terungkap juga kearifan lokal yang diwujudkan dalam cara penanganan pasien. Simpulannya adalah pengobatan alternatif penyakit tulang bukan lagi sebagai alternatif tetapi menjadi pilihan utama dan pertama. Oleh karena itu, kearifan lokal yang berkait dengan hal itu perlu diwariskan kepada generasi berikutnya dan sekaligus disistematisasi secara metodologis.This research aims to study why alternative medicine for bone disease is still in great demand by the public and to explain the local wisdom used by therapists for bone disease in West Java. This study uses a descriptive-qualitative method. Data collection is carried out through field studies, interviews, and literature studies. The results show that efficaciousness of its treatment are the reasons why the appeal for alternative medicine for bone disease aren\u27t declining, besides it having practical and economic advantages. In addition, local wisdom in handling patients plays an important part in its success. The conclusion is that alternative treatments for bone disease are no longer an alternative but they are becoming the first and foremost choice. Therefore, its local wisdom needs to be passed on to the next generation and at the same time methodologically systematized

Frobenius groups of automorphisms and their fixed points

Suppose that a finite group $G$ admits a Frobenius group of automorphisms $FH$ with kernel $F$ and complement $H$ such that the fixed-point subgroup of $F$ is trivial: $C_G(F)=1$. In this situation various properties of $G$ are shown to be close to the corresponding properties of $C_G(H)$. By using Clifford's theorem it is proved that the order $|G|$ is bounded in terms of $|H|$ and $|C_G(H)|$, the rank of $G$ is bounded in terms of $|H|$ and the rank of $C_G(H)$, and that $G$ is nilpotent if $C_G(H)$ is nilpotent. Lie ring methods are used for bounding the exponent and the nilpotency class of $G$ in the case of metacyclic $FH$. The exponent of $G$ is bounded in terms of $|FH|$ and the exponent of $C_G(H)$ by using Lazard's Lie algebra associated with the Jennings--Zassenhaus filtration and its connection with powerful subgroups. The nilpotency class of $G$ is bounded in terms of $|H|$ and the nilpotency class of $C_G(H)$ by considering Lie rings with a finite cyclic grading satisfying a certain `selective nilpotency' condition. The latter technique also yields similar results bounding the nilpotency class of Lie rings and algebras with a metacyclic Frobenius group of automorphisms, with corollaries for connected Lie groups and torsion-free locally nilpotent groups with such groups of automorphisms. Examples show that such nilpotency results are no longer true for non-metacyclic Frobenius groups of automorphisms.Comment: 31 page

Prevalence of Snail Vectors of Schistosomiasis in the Kpong Head Pond, Ghana

Schistosomiasis, a parasitic disease caused by the blood fluke Schistosoma sp. became a serious public health problem in Ghana after the Volta River was dammed in Akosombo in 1964. The formation of the Kpong head pond, about 25 km below the Akosombo dam, as a result of a second dam built at Kpong became an active schistosomiasis transmission site. The Volta River Authority (VRA) recently began an initiative of combining manual clearing of aquatic vegetation with chemotherapy as a way of managing the disease. However, no scientific monitoring of the effect of aquatic weed clearing on the vector population is being conducted. The study was initiated in the Kpong head pond to provide baseline data for subsequent monitoring and impact assessment of the initiative. It involved sampling of the banks of the head pond for aquatic snails at six different sampling sites of 1 m2 each, chosen at 100 m interval along the shoreline. Physicochemical factors which affect aquatic snail population were also determined. Aquatic snails sampled were Bulinus truncatus, Bulinus globosus, Biomphalaria pfeifferi, Melanoides spp, Physa waterlotti and Pila sp. where the first three are intermediate host of the schistosoma parasite. The study revealed B. truncates as the most frequent occurring vector (71.0%), followed by Biomphalaria (12.0%) and B. globosus (6.1%) The mean numbers of vector snails sampled per m2 were B. Truncates 61/m2, B. globosus 5/m2, and B. pfeifferi 11/m2. The presence of aquatic weeds and favourable physicochemical conditions of the water were found to provide a conducive environment for the vectors to thrive and hence sustain schistosomiasis transmission in the head pond. It is, therefore, recommended that a 5-year period of studies be undertaken to assess the impact of manual clearing of aquatic weeds on the snail population

Effect of (in)organic additives on microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation

\ua9 The Author(s) 2023. Aim: This study aimed to understand the morphological effects of (in)organic additives on microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP). Methods and results: MICP was monitored in real time in the presence of (in)organic additives: bovine serum albumin (BSA), biofilm surface layer protein A (BslA), magnesium chloride (MgCl2), and poly-L-lysine. This monitoring was carried out using confocal microscopy to observe the formation of CaCO3 from the point of nucleation, in comparison to conditions without additives. Complementary methodologies, namely scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction, were employed to assess the visual morphology, elemental composition, and crystalline structures of CaCO3, respectively, following the crystals’ formation. The results demonstrated that in the presence of additives, more CaCO3 crystals were produced at 100 min compared to the reaction without additives. The inclusion of BslA resulted in larger crystals than reactions containing other additives, including MgCl2. BSA induced a significant number of crystals from the early stages of the reaction (20 min) but did not have a substantial impact on crystal size compared to conditions without additives. All additives led to a higher content of calcite compared to vaterite after a 24-h reaction, with the exception of MgCl2, which produced a substantial quantity of magnesium calcite. Conclusions: The work demonstrates the effect of several (in)organic additives on MICP and sets the stage for further research to understand additive effects on MICP to achieve controlled CaCO3 precipitation

Standard methods for Apis mellifera anatomy and dissection

An understanding of the anatomy and functions of internal and external structures is fundamental to many studies on the honey bee Apis mellifera. Similarly, proficiency in dissection techniques is vital for many more complex procedures. In this paper, which is a prelude to the other papers of the COLOSS BEEBOOK, we outline basic honey bee anatomy and basic dissection techniques

KUALITAS PENETASAN KISTA ARTEMIA YANG DIBUDIDAYA PADA BERBAGAI TINGKAT PERUBAHAN SALINITAS

Kualitas kista artemia tergantung tingginya nilai derajat dan efisiensi penetasan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kapan (waktu) perubahan salinitas dan berapa besarnya perubahan salinitas tersebut yang dicirikan nilai derajat dan efisiensi penetasan sebagai indikator kualitas artemia.penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok. Faktor pertama terdiri dari dua, yaitu A (menaikkan salinitas pada hari ke9) dan B (menaikkan salinitas pada hari ke 15). Faktor kedua terdiri dari empat, yaitu peningkatan salinitas I (100; 100; 100;140 g/kg), II (100; 100; 140; 140 g/kg), III (100; 140; 140; 140 g/kg) dan IV (100; 110; 125;140 g/kg), dan dengan 3 kelompok warna yaitu biru, merah dan hijau. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan sidik ragam dan bila memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan B II menghasilkan derajat penetasan paling tinggi, sedangkan efisiensi penetasan paling tinggi terdapat pada perlakuan AIII.Kata kunci: artemia, kista, salinitas