Composición y estructura fitoperifitica de la cuenca media y baja del río Cesar, departamento Cesar-Colombia

Objective. The composition and structure of Fitoperifiton the middle and lower basin of the Cesar River and its relationship to the physical and chemical variables were characterized. Materials and methods. Sampling was conducted between February to September 2011. Samples available natural substrates (rocks, sediment and plant debris) were collected, physical and chemical variables in situ and in vivo were measured. Results. 110 Morphospecies classes represented in 9 and 22 orders were found, the Bacillariophyceae had the highest density with 48% (45 species), Cyanophyceae with 35% (18 species), followed by Fragilariophyceae with 7% (9 species), Chlorophyceae 2 % (11 species), Euglenophyceae with 2% (5 species) and Trebouxiophyceae Coscinodiscophyceae with 4% and 1% (respectively 4 and 3 species) and finally with Ulvophyceae 0.00005% (1 species). The most representative Anabaena sp.1 Morphospecies (136.70 Cel/cm2), Oscillatoria Vaucher (129.80 Cel/cm2) and Oscillatoria sp.1 (90.20 Cel/cm2). an analysis of principal components (ACP) where segmentation of some sections of the Cesar River and fitoperifiton was observed to characterize the stations for their peculiarities was made excessive growth of species in areas where they are wastewater discharges high were observed organic matter such as blue-green algae. Conclusions. The Cyanophyceae were negatively associated with oxygen according to the ACC. It was evident that the sector Puente Salguero is characterized by high concentration of organic phosphorus, plus the Fitoperifiton the Cesar River, identified this sector as the most critical point of organic contamination of the system and its influence stations downstream.Objetivo. Se caracterizó la composición y estructura del Fitoperifiton de la cuenca media y baja del río Cesar y su relación con las variables físicas y químicas. Materiales y métodos. Los muestreos se realizaron entre febrero-septiembre de 2011. Se recolectaron muestras de sustratos naturales disponibles (rocas, sedimento y restos vegetales), se midieron variables físicas y químicas In situ e In vivo. Resultados. Se encontraron 110 morfoespecies representadas en 9 clases y 22 órdenes, las Bacillariophyceae presentaron la mayor densidad con un 48% (45 especies), Cyanophyceae con 35% (18 especies), seguida de Fragilariophyceae con 7% (9 especies), Chlorophyceae con 2% (11 especies), Euglenophyceae con 2% (5 especies), Coscinodiscophyceae y Trebouxiophyceae con 4% y 1% (4 y 3 especies respectivamente) y por ultimo Ulvophyceae con 0.00005% (1 especie). Las morfoespecies más representativas Anabaena sp.1 (136.70 Cel/cm2), Oscillatoria vaucher (129.80 Cel/cm2) y Oscillatoria sp.1 (90.20 Cel/cm2). Se realizó un análisis de Componentes Principales (ACP) donde se observó una sectorización de algunos tramos del río Cesar y del fitoperifiton, para caracterizar las estaciones por sus particularidades se observaron crecimiento excesivos de especies en zonas donde se encuentran vertimientos de aguas residuales con alto contenido de materia orgánica como las algas verde-azules. Conclusiones. Las Cyanophyceae se asociaron negativamente con el oxígeno según el ACC. Se evidencio que el sector de Puente Salguero es caracterizado por alta concentración de fósforo orgánico, además el Fitoperifiton del río Cesar, identifico este sector como el punto más crítico de contaminación orgánica del sistema y sus influencia estaciones río abajo

USO E INFLUENCIA DE LA INFORMACIÓN EN PROCESOS ESTRATÉGICOS: ESTUDIO EXPLORATORIO EN UNA UNIVERSIDAD MEXICANA

The information is considered a strategic asset for institutions of higher education. Since 1980, it has been argued that Mexican universities have had difficulties in improving strategic management processes; collection and usage of information for decision making have been pointed out as causal factors. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use and influence of information in strategic processes in an institution of higher education in Mexico. A case study, exploratory and descriptive-comparative, was conducted in which four groups were integrated to perform controlled strategic processes. Three groups received explicit information: quantitative, qualitative, or combined (quantitative + qualitative); the fourth group did not receive information whatsoever. Groups' conversations were recorded, transcribed and analyzed by means of the software HyperRESEARCH and the statistical program SAS. The results suggest that the type of information influenced on the behavior and characteristics of the strategic processes

Statistical similarity between the compression of a porous material and earthquakes

It has been long stated that there are profound analogies between fracture experiments and earthquakes; however, few works attempt a complete characterization of the parallelisms between these so separate phenomena. We study the Acoustic Emission events produced during the compression of Vycor (SiO&sub&2&/sub&). The Gutenberg-Richter law, the modified Omori's law, and the law of aftershock productivity hold for a minimum of 5 decades, are independent of the compression rate, and keep stationary for all the duration of the experiments. The waiting-time distribution fulfills a unified scaling law with a power-law exponent close to 2.45 for long times, which is explained in terms of the temporal variations of the activity rate

Telepsicología en la pandemia Covid19: Una revisión sistemática

La enfermedad respiratoria COVID-19, ha causado manifestaciones que requieren atención psicológica. Debido a que la forma de transmisión del virus dificulta la intervención cara a cara, los servicios remotos son una opción en la búsqueda de estabilidad emocional durante la pandemia. El propósito de esta investigación es llevar a cabo una revisión sistemática de la evidencia científica del uso de la Telepsicología en contexto COVID-19, basado en el modelo PRISMA, por lo que se realizaron búsquedas avanzadas en Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Redalyc y Academic Google, utilizando descriptores de MeSH y diccionarios de sinónimos. Se incluyeron los estudios que utilizaban la Telepsicología para tratar pacientes durante la pandemia y se excluyeron aquellas que no describían de forma clara cómo era la intervención. Ocho estudios que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión fueron seleccionados y analizados. Los resultados dan fe de la efectividad del uso de la Telepsicología en el tratamiento de la depresión, ansiedad y estrés en tiempos de pandemia, aunque aún hace falta obtener evidencia de su uso estandarizado, por lo que se refuerza la necesidad de elaborar protocolos de atención telepsicológica cada vez más especializados.Este estudio fue financiado por el Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología. (No. 000000000312728

Physical fitness, screen time and sleep habits according to obesity levels in schoolchildren: findings from the health survey of the extreme south of Chile

Obesity is a worry because it is associated with a greater burden of disease, and it has been shown to be related to the health habits and physical condition of children and adolescents. Objective: To associate physical fitness, screen time, and sleep habits with the different categories of obesity in schoolchildren from the extreme south of Chile. Methods: 583 schoolchildren were included in this cross-sectional analysis. The screen time and sleep habits were measured with the Sleep Self-Report questionnaire, while the physical fitness was assessed with the Alpha Fitness test battery. The Body Mass Index/age (BMI/age) and the Waist-to-Height ratio (WtHr) were used to define adiposity using the following categories: healthy weight/low-risk waist-to-height ratio (H/LR), healthy weight/high-risk waist-to-height ratio (H/HR), overweight/low-risk waist to height ratio (O/LR), and overweight/high-risk waist to height ratio (O/HR). Results: A considerable number of schoolchildren (23.2%) presented sleep problems, while the mean screen time was 9.3 (95% CI: 8.4; 10.1) hours/day. Schoolchildren classified as H/HR showed better physical fitness than the O/HR group but worse physical fitness than the H/LR group. Conclusions: Significant differences were evidenced in the physical fitness between the adiposity categories, which could open future lines of research concerning the characterization of the healthy weight-obese adiposity categories in children

Response to comment on 'Amphibian fungal panzootic causes catastrophic and ongoing loss of biodiversity'

Lambert et al. question our retrospective and holistic epidemiological assessment of the role of chytridiomycosis in amphibian declines. Their alternative assessment is narrow and provides an incomplete evaluation of evidence. Adopting this approach limits understanding of infectious disease impacts and hampers conservation efforts. We reaffirm that our study provides unambiguous evidence that chytridiomycosis has affected at least 501 amphibian species

A Prospective Study of Cranial Deformity and Delayed Development in Children

Plagiocephaly, the most common form of cranial deformity, has become more prevalent in recent years. Many authors have described a number of sequelae of poorly defined etiologies, although several gaps exist in their real scope. This study aimed to analyze the effects of physiotherapy treatments and cranial orthoses on the psychomotor development of infants with cranial deformities, complemented by protocolized postural exercises applied by the family. This prospective study on different developmental areas included a sample of 48 breastfeeding infants aged 6 to 18 months who presented with plagiocephaly (flat head syndrome). The Brunet–Lézine scale was used to perform three tests for assessing the psychomotor development of infants, thus offering a measure for global development. The results suggest that plagiocephaly is a marker for the risk of delayed development, particularly in motor and language areas. This delayed development could be improved with physiotherapy and orthopedic treatment, complemented by interventions by the infants´ relatives