Grand Challenges in the Management and Conservation of North American Inland Fishes and Fisheries

Even with long-standing management and extensive science support, North American inland fish and fisheries still face many conservation and management challenges. We used a grand challenges approach to identify critical roadblocks that if removed would help solve important problems in the management and long-term conservation of North American inland fish and fisheries. We identified seven grand challenges within three themes (valuation, governance, and externalities) and 34 research needs and management actions. The major themes identified are to (1) raise awareness of diverse values associated with inland fish and fisheries, (2) govern inland fish and fisheries to satisfy multiple use and conservation objectives, and (3) ensure productive inland fisheries given nonfishing sector externalities. Addressing these grand challenges will help the broader community understand the diverse values of inland fish and fisheries, promote open forums for engagement of diverse stakeholders in fisheries management, and better integrate the inland fish sector into the greater water and land use policy process

Genitourinary Pathology (Including Adrenal Gland)

Our aims in constructing the Genitourinary Pathology chapter are to describe neoplasms of the adrenal gland, urothelial tract, kidney, penis, prostate, and testis in a manner that is both useful for the practicing surgical pathologist and that may be used as a reference for all students of urologic pathology. Whereas the text and figures describe the salient morphologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular attributes for each tumor type and encompass the latest classification schemes, the narrative integrates the clinical and pathological findings that are commonly encountered during surgical pathology sign-out of these cases. Accordingly, it is our hope that this chapter will serve as a guide for both general and subspecialized pathologists in contemporary practice