[pt] UM FRAMEWORK PARA CONSTRUÇÃO DE VOCABULÁRIO E SUA APLICAÇÃO AO PROBLEMA DE SEQÜENCIAMENTO DE CARROS

Construção de vocabulário é uma heurística para problemas de otimização combinatória que propõe identificar porções de boas soluções e recombiná-las de modo a intensificar a busca em regiões do espaço de soluções identificadas como promissoras. A técnica de construção de vocabulário pode ser aplicada de diversas maneiras na resolução de problemas. Para facilitar a implementação e comparação de algoritmos de um mesmo domínio, a tecnologia de frameworks é uma solução que já demonstrou ser muito eficaz. O objetivo deste trabalho é desenvolver um framework para a implementação de heurísticas baseadas em construçao de vocabulário. O desenvolvimento foi fundamentado em extensa revisão bibliográfica sobre a técnica e em boas práticas de engenharia de software, como frameworks orientados a objetos e padrões de projeto. Como um estudo de caso, foram geradas aplicações a partir do framework para a resolução do problema de seqüenciamento da produção de carros, que é um problema combinatório proposto a partir de necessidades reais da indústriaVocabulary building is a heuristic for solving combinatorial optimization problems, based on the identification of solution fragments which are common to good solutions and on their combination to intensify the search on promising regions of the solution space. This technique can be vastly applied on problem solving. The technology of frameworks is an efficient strategy to facilitate the implementation and comparison of same domain algorithms. The objective of this work is to develop a framework for the implementation of heuristics based on vocabulary building. Its development was based on a wide bibliographic revision about the technique and good software engineering practices, like oriented objects frameworks and design patters. We generated applications of the framework to solve the car sequencing problem, which is a combinatorial problem proposed by real requirements of the industr

Software-Based Simulation on a 3D Environment for Vaccination Teaching and Learning: Design Science Research

BackgroundStudent training requires specific laboratories for vaccination practice, which are usually limited, and even professionals’ continuing education regularly lacks proper care. Thus, new methodologies, concepts, and technologies, such as software-based simulations, are in highly demand. ObjectiveThis work aims to develop a 3D virtual environment to support teaching activities in the vaccination room. The software-based simulation must contribute positively to teaching considering a variable set of scenarios. MethodsWe applied the design science research method to guide the work. First, the concepts and opportunities were raised, which we used to build the simulation (ie, the proposed technological artifact). The development was assisted by a specialist, in which we sought to create a vaccination room according to Brazilian standards. The artifact evaluation was achieved in 2 stages: (1) an evaluation to validate the design with experts through the Delphi method; and (2) a field evaluation with nursing students to validate aspects of usability (System Usability Scale [SUS]) and technology acceptance and use (Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology version 2). ResultsWe built the simulation software using the Unity game engine. An additional module was also developed to create simulation scenarios and view the students’ performance reports. The design evaluation showed that the proposed solution is adequate. Students’ evaluations confirm good usability (SUS score of 81.4), besides highlighting Performance Expectation as the most positively influential factor of Behavioral Intention. Effort Expectancy is positively affected by younger users. Both evaluation audiences cited the high relevance of the proposed artifact for teaching. Points for improvement are also reported. ConclusionsThe research accomplished its goal of creating a software-based simulation to support teaching scenarios in the vaccination room. The evaluations still reveal desirable improvements and user behavior toward this kind of technological artifact

Obtenção On-line (https://covid-19.ufsj.tech) do Número de Leitos Municipais Demandados por COVID-19: popularização da ciência e apoio a políticas públicas

Since the beginning of 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has mobilized scientists worldwide. This research used the Imperial College London mathematical model to develop an information system with demographic data from all Brazilian municipalities in order to inform the number of beds demanded in different isolation scenarios, early and late and publication in site https://covid-19.ufsj.tech permitting easily access by ordinary citizens and decision makers, helping in science popularization and information’s production to deal with COVID-19 pandemic. After three months since site publication, 2,600 users of a wide age group and 282 municipalities made 8,700 consultations for the number of beds in published site. On average, users made 3.4 consultations in 2.3 minutes. The information available and the ease of obtaining it allow to classify the site as a timely tool for science’s divulgation and also to public policies’ support, since ordinary citizens and decision makers can better understand some of the consequences of different decisions about social isolation during COVID-19 pandemic.Desde o final de 2019, a pandemia de COVID-19 tem demandado trabalho de cientistas em todo o mundo. Esta pesquisa usou o modelo matemático do Imperial College London para desenvolver um sistema de informações com dados demográficos dos 5.570 municípios brasileiros para a prospecção do número de leitos em diferentes cenários de isolamento, precoce e tardio, e publicação no site https://covid-19.ufsj.tech, permitindo o fácil acesso por pessoas comuns e por tomadores de decisão, com o intuito de auxiliar na popularização da ciência e na produção de informações para o combate à pandemia de COVID-19. Em três meses de publicação do site, 2,6 mil usuários de ampla faixa etária e de 282 municípios fizeram 8,7 mil consultas pelo número de leitos em municípios. Em média, um usuário fez 3,4 consultas no tempo de 2,3 minutos. A informação disponibilizada e a facilidade de sua obtenção permitem classificar o site como ferramenta oportuna de divulgação de ciência e também de apoio a políticas públicas, já que cidadãos comuns e tomadores de decisão podem compreender melhor algumas das consequências de diferentes decisões acerca do isolamento social durante a pandemia