Prediction of Voltage Stability by Using L � Index in Power System

The prediction of voltage stability experiences sizable anxiety in the safe operation of power system. As power systems grow in their size and interconnections, their complexity increases. Hence, power system voltage stability and voltage control are emerging as major problems in the day to day operation of stressed power system. In this paper investigation of voltage stability index for voltage stability assessment has been discussed. At a normal operating condition L- index gives information about system state. There are so many indicators which predict the system condition. The objective of this paper is to develop a fast and simple method, which can be applied in the power system to estimate the voltage stability margin. Thereby an indicator is derived from the static power flow and Kirchhoff�s-Laws, which is aimed at detection of the voltage instability. This voltage stability index can work well in the static state as well as during dynamic process. It can also be used to find the vulnerable spots of the system. IEEE-14 bus system is used for test set

Exploring caesarean delivery in the second stage of labour at a tertiary care hospital: a retrospective study

Background: Caesarean section (CS) performed in the second stage of labour has many implications for maternal and neonatal morbidity as well as for subsequent pregnancies. The objectives of this study were to determine the rates of CS at full dilatation, their indications, associated maternal and neonatal complications.Methods: This retrospective study assessed all the women with a singleton fetus in cephalic presentation at term (≥37 weeks) who underwent CS in the second stage of labor between 1 August 2019 and 31 March 2020 at a tertiary care hospital. Maternal demographics, labour and delivery details as well as neonatal outcomes were collected.Results: During the study period, 2124 (36%) babies were born by CS. Of these, 49 (2.3%) were performed in the second stage of labour at ≥37 weeks of gestation. The most common indication of CS was non-descent of head in 38 (77.55%) of cases. The majority of women 38 (77.55%) delivered by CS in the second stage of labor were primiparous. The 27 (55.10%) women were in the age group of 20-25 years. Most common intraoperative complication was blood-stained urine in 20 (40.81%) women. Overall transfusion rate was 18.36%. Maximum number of babies born 44 (89.79%) were having birth weight between 2.5-3.5 kg. Out of 65 babies born, 17 (34.69%) were admitted to neonatal intensive care unit.Conclusions: Formulation of an institutional protocol and training and supervision of trainees to improve the skill of operative vaginal delivery and second stage cesarean is needed

Study of Detached (Fresh) Leaf and Dried Leaf with Image Processing

Agriculture is the keystone of human being provisions on this world. Now with rising inhabitants we need the efficiency of the agriculture to be augmented a lot to meet the demands. In ancient days they used natural methods to boost the yield, such as using the animal dung as manure in the fields. That resulted increase in the productivity sufficient to meet the requirements of the population. Although later people started thinking of earning more profits by getting more result. So, there came a revolution called “Green Revolution”. So, in this paper we have carried out some methods to measure the plant growth by the means of having area of a leaf. The study gives aspect of comparing the detached leaf with the dried leaf and it will be helpful to researcher to evaluate the dryness and also it will be helpful for the analysis at the time of biodegradation of the leaves and for the generation of organic manures. In this paper we implemented image processing using IJ (Image J 1.48V – Java 1.6.0_20(32- bit)) to measure various image processing related functions. And images of plants we took from D. K. Parmar’s field. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15011

A comparative study between manual vacuum aspiration and electronic suction for surgical treatment of abortion

Background: Present study is done to study the safety, efficacy and complications of using manual vacuum aspiration (MVA) for surgical management of first trimester abortion in comparison to electronic suction.Methods: It is a retrospective observational study conducted in department of obstetrics and gynecology at tertiary care hospital. Out of 100 cases taken, 50 abortions were terminated by MVA and 50 were terminated by electric suction/vacuum aspiration (EVA).Results: In this study, majority of the patients were primigravida (60%). Most of the patients had period of gestation between 7 to 9 weeks (40%) followed by up to 6 weeks (33%) in both groups. Time taken for the procedure was less in MVA (5-9 min.) than electronic suction (7-11 min.). In terms of complications, blood loss ≥100 ml was more with EVA (18%) compared to MVA (6%). Uterine perforation was seen with EVA (4%) and none with MVA. As far as success rate is concerned, EVA got 98% while MVA got 90%. Post-operative hospital stay was less with MVA (≤12 hours) than EVA (up to 24 hours). Post-operative pain perception was less with MVA (18% severe pain) while with EVA, 36% with severe pain.Conclusions: Both the evacuation techniques are almost equally effective and safe, still duration; post-operative pain and hospital stay are less with MVA. Success rate is better with EVA

Internet of Things Based Smart Woman Security System using GSM and GPS

This Project presents an automotive localization system using GPS and GSM-SMSservices and alerts over IOT for woman security. The system permits localization of the womanand transmitting the position to the rescue team as a short message (SMS) and over Internet. Thesystem can be interconnected with the car alarm system and alert the surrounding people to helpwoman. This security tracking system is composed of a GPS receiver, Microcontroller, and a GSMModem and IOT module. When woman need help that time, she will press security alert switchthen GPS Receiver gets the location information from satellites in the form of latitude andlongitude with alert through IOT. The Microcontroller processes this information, and thisprocessed information is sent to the certain person using GSM modem. The presented applicationis a low-cost solution for woman in risk. The proposed solution can be used in other types ofapplication like child security, woman security, where the information needed is requested rarelyand at irregular period of time (when requested)

Study of feto-maternal outcome in patients with hepatitis E infection during pregnancy

Background: Hepatitis E is considered as a common cause of high maternal morbidity and mortality particularly in third trimester and also high perinatal morbidity and mortality. Thus, this study is conducted to evaluate the feto-maternal outcome in patients infected with hepatitis E during pregnancy.Methods: It is a retrospective observational study conducted in department of obstetrics and gynecology at L. G. hospital. Fifty pregnant women with clinical hepatitis in third trimester of pregnancy were included in this study and thorough investigation were carried out. Patients were monitored till postpartum period and fetal monitoring data were collected from neonatal ICU.Results: In this study, majority of pregnant patients with hepatitis B were admitted during monsoon season suggests that HEV outbreaks are more common during monsoon months. Majority of the patients (70%) were emergency cases. Majority of these patients (82%) were belonged to lower socio-economic class. Co-infection with HAV was in 2% and with HBV in 4%. S. bilirubin >15 mg/dl in 16% of patients. PT and APTT were raised in 28% of patients. FDP was raised in 70% of patients. 76% were delivered vaginally and 22% were delivered by LSCS. Most common complication in HEV infected pregnant women was disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) (26%). Maternal mortality rate is 14%. Out of 50 patients, 88% delivered live baby, out of which 72% needed NICU admission. Perinatal mortality rate was as high as 28%.Conclusions: Hepatitis E infection and pregnancy is a deadly and fatal combination. Specifically, in 3rd trimester of pregnancy, acute hepatitis E has a grave prognosis with high maternal morbidity and mortality. Prevention is the mainstay of controlling HEV especially in developing countries

‘Fixing’ the climate crisis: capital, states, and carbon offsetting in India

The paper analyzes dynamics of accumulation and displacement in the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). It combines the theoretical work of David Harvey and James O’Connor with a case study of the Gujarat Fluorochemicals Limited HFC-23 destruction project in Gujarat, India. The framework is used to connect the factors driving opportunities for capital accumulation in the CDM market with the causes of social and ecological dislocation at the local project level. We argue that the CDM is a spatial fix to the ecological crisis of climate change which secures conditions of production for fossil fuel industries and promotes new sites of accumulation for other companies. The political–economic ‘fix’ is dependent on ‘fixing’ a global sociospatial divide between developed and developing countries down to ‘fixed’ projects at the local level. This spatial fix facilitates a displacement of the costs of responding to the climate crisis from North to South. </jats:p