110 research outputs found
The phosphorus requirements for silage production on high fertility soils
peer-reviewedThe minimum phosphorus requirement for a mid-season ryegrass was investigated
under cutting conditions over a 10-year period at each of three Teagasc sites
(Clonroche, Johnstown Castle and Oak Park) in southeast Ireland. Treatments consisted
of 0, 20, 30, 40, and 50 kg haâ1 yearâ1 P applied in autumn. Generally, there were
three grass cuts each year and soil samples were taken after the third cut prior to the
application of P. Nitrogen and potassium fertiliser was applied to ensure maximum
grass yield. There was an emerging treatment effect over time as evidenced by the
significance of the treatment Ă year interaction. The effect of site varied with year
reflecting the variability in weather and number of cuts taken at the individual sites. A
treatment effect on annual first-cut-silage yield was observed. The largest treatment
difference for dry matter (DM) yield of first-cut silage was between the control and the
P treated plots (0.32 t/ha). The results show that the draw down of soil-P reserves was
adequate to maintain yield for a number of years without additional fertiliser P application.
Initial soil tests indicated moderate to high soil test P levels (STP) as measured
by the Morganâs test. Application of P at equivalent to removal rates did not maintain
STP. The results suggest that application of a regular small maintenance dressing of P,
replacing realistic removals, is the most appropriate fertiliser application strategy.McDonagh/Albatros Fertiliser
Immune-driven recombination and loss of control after HIV superinfection
After acute HIV infection, CD8+ T cells are able to control viral replication to a set point. This control is often lost after superinfection, although the mechanism behind this remains unclear. In this study, we illustrate in an HLA-B27+ subject that loss of viral control after HIV superinfection coincides with rapid recombination events within two narrow regions of Gag and Env. Screening for CD8+ T cell responses revealed that each of these recombination sites (âź50 aa) encompassed distinct regions containing two immunodominant CD8 epitopes (B27-KK10 in Gag and Cw1-CL9 in Env). Viral escape and the subsequent development of variant-specific de novo CD8+ T cell responses against both epitopes were illustrative of the significant immune selection pressures exerted by both responses. Comprehensive analysis of the kinetics of CD8 responses and viral evolution indicated that the recombination events quickly facilitated viral escape from both dominant WT- and variant-specific responses. These data suggest that the ability of a superinfecting strain of HIV to overcome preexisting immune control may be related to its ability to rapidly recombine in critical regions under immune selection pressure. These data also support a role for cellular immune pressures in driving the selection of new recombinant forms of HIV
Wesson's IMT with a Weylian bulk
The foundations of Wesson's induced matter theory are analyzed. It is shown
that the 5D empty bulk must be regarded rather as a Weylian space than as a
Riemannian one.The framework of a Weyl-Dirac version of Wesson's theory is
elaborated and discussed. The bulk possesses in addition to the metric tensor a
Weylian connection vector as well Dirac's gauge function; there are no sources
(mass, current) in the bulk. On the 4D brane one obtains a geometrically based
unified theory of gravitation and electromagnetism with mass, currents and
equations induced by the 5D bulkComment: 29 page
Wavelets and graph -algebras
Here we give an overview on the connection between wavelet theory and
representation theory for graph -algebras, including the higher-rank
graph -algebras of A. Kumjian and D. Pask. Many authors have studied
different aspects of this connection over the last 20 years, and we begin this
paper with a survey of the known results. We then discuss several new ways to
generalize these results and obtain wavelets associated to representations of
higher-rank graphs. In \cite{FGKP}, we introduced the "cubical wavelets"
associated to a higher-rank graph. Here, we generalize this construction to
build wavelets of arbitrary shapes. We also present a different but related
construction of wavelets associated to a higher-rank graph, which we anticipate
will have applications to traffic analysis on networks. Finally, we generalize
the spectral graph wavelets of \cite{hammond} to higher-rank graphs, giving a
third family of wavelets associated to higher-rank graphs
Impact of Electronic Voting Machines on Blank Votes and Null Votes in Brazilian Elections in 1998
Track D Social Science, Human Rights and Political Science
Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/138414/1/jia218442.pd
Application of Multi-Barrier Membrane Filtration Technologies to Reclaim Municipal Wastewater for Industrial Use
Recommended from our members
Tracing early breccia pipe studies, Waste Isolation Pilot Plant, southeastern New Mexico: A study of the documentation available and decision-making during the early years of WIPP
Breccia pipes in southeastern New Mexico are local dissolution-collapse features that formed over the Capitan reef more than 500,000 years ago. During early site studies for the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP), the threat to isolation by these features was undetermined. Geophysical techniques, drilling, and field mapping were used beginning in 1976 to study breccia pipes. None were found at the WIPP site, and they are considered unlikely to be a significant threat even if undetected. WIPP documents related to breccia pipe studies were assembled, inspected, and analyzed, partly to present a history of these studies. The main objective is to assess how well the record reflects the purposes, results, and conclusions of the studies from concept to decision-making. The main record source was the Sandia WIPP Central File (SWCF). Early records (about 1975 to 1977) are very limited, however, about details of objectives and plans predating any investigation. Drilling programs from about 1977 were covered by a broadly standardized statement of work, field operations plan, drilling history, and basic data report. Generally standardized procedures for peer, management, and quality assurance review were developed during this time. Agencies such as the USGS conducted projects according to internal standards. Records of detailed actions for individual programs may not be available, though a variety of such records were found in the SWCF. A complete written record cannot be reconstructed. With persistence, a professional geologist can follow individual programs, relate data to objectives (even if implied), and determine how conclusions were used in decision-making. 83 refs
- âŚ