Observation of Hand movements by Older Persons with Dementia: Effects on Cognition: a Pilot Study

Background/Aim: Hand movement observation activates mirror neurons, located in brain areas that are vulnerable to Alzheimer's disease. We examined the effects of hand movement observation on cognition in older persons with dementia. Methods: Nursing home residents with dementia (n = 44) watched either videos showing hand movements or videos showing a documentary for 30 min, 5 days a week, for 6 weeks. Neuropsychological tests were performed at baseline, week 6 and week 12. Results: Linear mixed model analyses revealed a significant interaction effect on an attention test, but not on cognitive domains. Additional analyses showed that a face recognition task improved significantly. Conclusion: Although these findings do not support an overall beneficial effect of hand movement observation on cognition in dementia, specific cognitive functions improved. Future studies are warranted. © 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel

Estimating the effects of right median nerve stimulation on memory in Alzheimer's disease: a randomized controlled pilot study

The goal of the present study was to examine possible effects of right median nerve stimulation (RMNS) on memory in patients in a relatively early stage of probable Alzheimer's disease (AD). Seventeen AD patients were randomly assigned to an experimental group (n = 8) and a control group (n = 9) and treated with RMNS and sham RMNS, respectively, for 30 min a day, 5 days a week, for 6 weeks. Neuropsychological tests were used to assess memory processes. The results show that the various aspects of memory did not respond positively to RMNS. A study with a much longer treatment period is suggested before firm conclusions about the ineffectiveness of RMNS on memory in AD can be drawn. Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC