Conformal General Relativity

The inflation-free solution of problems of the modern cosmology (horizon, cosmic initial data, Planck era, arrow of time, singularity,homogeneity, and so on) is considered in the conformal-invariant unified theory given in the space with geometry of similarity where we can measure only the conformal-invariant ratio of all quantities. Conformal General Relativity is defined as the $SU_c(3)\times SU(2)\times U(1)$-Standard Model where the dimensional parameter in the Higgs potential is replaced by a dilaton scalar field described by the negative Penrose-Chernikov-Tagirov action. Spontaneous SU(2) symmetry breaking is made on the level of the conformal-invariant angle of the dilaton-Higgs mixing, and it allows us to keep the structure of Einstein's theory with the equivalence principle. We show that the lowest order of the linearized equations of motion solves the problems mentioned above and describes the Cold Universe Scenario with the constant temperature T and z-history of all masses with respect to an observable conformal time. A new fact is the intensive cosmic creation of $W,Z$-vector bosons due to their mass singularity. In the rigid state, this effect is determined by the integral of motion $(m_w^2H_{\rm hubble})^{1/3}=2.7 K k_B$ that coincides with the CMB temperature and has the meaning of the primordial Hubble parameter. The created bosons are enough to consider their decay as an origin of the CMB radiation and all observational matter with the observational element abundances and the baryon asymmetry. Recent Supernova data on the relation between the luminosity distance and redshift (including the point $z=1.7$) do not contradict the dominance of the rigid state of the dark matter in the Conformal Cosmology.Comment: 8 pages, Latex file, 2 figures, Invited talk given at the V International Conference on Cosmoparticle Physics (Cosmion-2001) dedicated to 80-th Anniversary of Andrei D. Sakharov (21-30 May 2001, Moscow-St.Peterburg, Russia

Cosmic Evolution as Inertial Motion in the Field Space of GR

The identification of a cosmic scale function with the volume integral of a spacelike hypersurface defines the cosmic evolution in General Relativity as a collective motion along a geodesic in the field space of the metric components, considered as the coset of the affine group over the Lorentz one. The Friedmann equations are derived out of the homogeneous approximation by the Gibbs averaging exact equations over the relative constant spatial volume. A direct correspondence between the collective cosmic motion and Special Relativity is established, to solve the problem of time and energy by analogy with the solution of this problem for a relativistic particle by Poincare and Einstein. A geometrical time interval is introduced into quantum theory of the relativistic collective motion by the canonical Levi-Civita -- type transformation in agreement with the correspondence principle with quantum field theory. In this context the problem of quantum cosmological creation of visible matter is formulated. We show that latest observational data can testify to the relative measurement standard, and the cosmic evolution as an inertial motion along geodesic in the field space.Comment: RevTex file, 23 pages, 1 figure. Talk submitted to the 9th Course on Astrofundamental Physics (Palermo-Sicily 7-18 September 2002). The abstract, introduction, and conclusion are change

Cosmological Particle Creation and Baryon Number Violation in a Conformal Unified Theory

We consider a conformal unified theory as the basis of conformal-invariant cosmological model where the permanent rigid state of the universe is compatible with the primordial element abundance and supernova data. We show that the cosmological creation of vector Z and W bosons, in this case, is sufficient to explain the CMB temperature (2.7 K). The primordial bosons violate the baryon number in the standard model as a result of anomalous nonconservation of left-handed currents and a nonzero squeezed vacuum expectation value of the topological Chern-Simons functional.Comment: LaTex file, 12 pages, 1 figur

Cosmological Creation of Vector Bosons and Fermions

The cosmological creation of primordial vector bosons and fermions is described in the Standard Model of strong and electro-weak interactions given in a space-time with the relative standard of measurement of geometric intervals. Using the reparametrization - invariant perturbation theory and the holomorphic representation of quantized fields we derive equations for the Bogoliubov coefficients and distribution functions of created particles. The main result is the intensive cosmological creation of longitudinal Z and W bosons (due to their mass singularity) by the universe in the rigid state. We introduce the hypothesis that the decay of the primordially created vector bosons is the origin of the Cosmic Microwave Background radiation.Comment: 20 pages, 1 figure, discussion extended, typos correcte

Cosmological Consequences of Conformal General Relativity

We consider cosmological consequences of a conformal-invariant unified theory which is dynamically equivalent to general relativity and is given in a space with the geometry of similarity. We show that the conformal-invariant theory offers new explanations for to such problems as the arrow of time, initial cosmic data, dark matter and accelerating evolution of the universe in the dust stage.Comment: 12 pages, talk presented at "Hot Points in Astrophysics", JINR Dubna, Russia, August 22-26, 200

Origin of Matter from Vacuum in Conformal Cosmology

We introduce the hypothesis that the matter content of the universe can be a product of the decay of primordial vector bosons. The effect of the intensive cosmological creation of these primordial vector $W, ~Z$ bosons from the vacuum is studied in the framework of General Relativity and the Standard Model where the relative standard of measurement identifying conformal quantities with the measurable ones is accepted. The relative standard leads to the conformal cosmology with the z-history of masses with the constant temperature, instead of the conventional z-history of the temperature with constant masses in inflationary cosmology. In conformal cosmology both the latest supernova data and primordial nucleosynthesis are compatible with a stiff equation of state associated with one of the possible states of the infrared gravitation field. The distribution function of the created bosons in the lowest order of perturbation theory exposes a cosmological singularity as a consequence of the theorem about the absence of the massless limit of massive vector fields in quantum theory. This singularity can be removed by taking into account the collision processes leading to a thermalization of the created particles. The cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature T=(M_W^2H_0)^{1/3} ~ 2.7 K occurs as an integral of motion for the universe in the stiff state. We show that this temperature can be attained by the CMB radiation being the final product of the decay of primordial bosons. The effect of anomalous nonconservation of baryon number due to the polarization of the Dirac sea vacuum by these primordial bosons is considered.Comment: Latex file, 19 pages, 2 figures, Preprint JINR E2-2002-14

Relative Standard of Measurement and Supernova Data

We show that in the units of the relative Paris meter both the latest data on the Supernova luminosity-distance -- redshift relation and primordial nucleosynthesis are described by the dynamics of a homogeneous, massless scalar field (Scalar Quintessence) in a nonexpanding universe

Astrophysics in relative units as the theory of a conformal brane

The latest astrophysical data on the Supernova luminosity--distance -- redshift relations, primordial nucleosynthesis, value of Cosmic Microwave Background--temperature, and baryon asymmetry are considered as an evidence of relative measurement standard, field nature of time, and conformal symmetry of the physical world. We show how these principles of description of the universe help modern quantum field theory to explain the creation of the universe, time, and matter from the physical vacuum as a state with the lowest energy.Comment: 25 pages, 6 figures, LaTe

Cosmological Particle Creation and Baryon Number Violation in a Conformal Unified Theory

We consider a conformal unified theory as the basis of conformal-invariant cosmological model where the permanent rigid state of the universe is compatible with the primordial element abundance and supernova data. We show that the cosmological creation of vector Z and W bosons, in this case, is sufficient to explain the CMB temperature (2.7 K). The primordial bosons violate the baryon number in the standard model as a result of anomalous nonconservation of left-handed currents and a nonzero squeezed vacuum expectation value of the topological Chern-Simons functional

Cosmological Consequences of Conformal General Relativity

We consider cosmological consequences of a conformal-invariant unified theory which is dynamically equivalent to general relativity and is given in a space with the geometry of similarity. We show that the conformal-invariant theory offers new explanations for to such problems as the arrow of time, initial cosmic data, dark matter and accelerating evolution of the universe in the dust stage