Viral pathogens in urological diseases

Tis review describes different virus taxa that are more prevalent in some variants of urological pathology. Te search of articles was conducted in the information portals of Te Cochrane Database, MEDLINE / PubMed Database, eLIBRARY, ClinicalKey for the period 2008-2018. As a result, the most current and representative studies, containing an interpretation of the dynamics of opinions indicating the involvement of viruses in various urological diseases were selected. Te bacterial component is the most studied in the etiology and pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases, but the viral component, as a rule, remains outside the scope of routine examination of patients, which stagnates conducting of adequate therapy and prevention of infectious and inflammatory diseases in urology

33rd European Congress of the International Union against for Sexually Transmitted Infections (IUSTI-Europe): a Urologist`s Point of View

The article presents a report of the 33rd European Congress of the International Union against for Sexually Transmitted Infections (IUSTI-Europe) from September 5 to 7, 2019, as well as an advanced course on sexually transmitted infections in the framework of the Congress (IUSTI -Europe advanced course) from September 4 to 5 in Tallinn, Estonia. This article will also highlight some important points about the prevalence, diagnosis and treatment of sexually transmitted infections, as well as the problems of resistance of the main causative agents of STIs to standard therapy, which were voiced by various experts in their presentations, lectures during round tables, plenary sessions and symposia both during the advanced course of IUSTI-Europe, and during the main congress.The study did not have sponsorship. The authors have declared no conflicts of interest

Virus and bacterial associations verified in the urine of healthy subjects (pilot study)

Introduction. CCurrently, there are more and more new data that the urine of the healthy subject has its own unique microbiota and virobiota. Nevertheless, in the etiology and pathogenesis of the inflammatory diseases of the urinary system, the bacterial component is the most studied, but the viral component, as a rule, remains outside the scope of the standard clinical examination of patients. Objectives. To investigate the viral-bacterial associations in the urine of healthy subjects.Materials and methods. The 20 healthy sexually active women and men were examined, which are divided into groups according to gender: Group I – women (n = 10), Group II – men (n = 10). The average age of the subjects was 22.4 ± 1.2 years.Results. Bacteriological examination showed that in the urine of healthy women predominates Lactobacillus spp. (90,0%), Peptococcus spp. (80.0%), Propionibacterium spp. (70.0%), and in the urine of healthy men - Eubacterium spp. (70.0%) and Peptostreptococcus spp. (40.0%). During the polymerase chain reaction of urine were detected the papilloma (HPV) and herpetic (HSV) viruses in 40.0% of cases. In group I were verified HPV (20.0%) and HSVII (10.0%), in group II was found only the HPV (10.0%). In all cases, when viruses were detected in the urine, they were recorded as part of virus-bacterial associations. In one healthy woman in the urine were found HPV + HSVII associationsConclusions. The findings about of verification different taxa of viruses in the urine of healthy subjects are the basis for understanding and detailing the etiological structure of infections of the urinary system. The further studies should be aimed for increasing the cohort of healthy subjects in order to obtain the correct factograms of bacterial and viral patterns which present in their urine

WORLD MEETING ON SEXUAL MEDICINE 2018 (21ST WORLD MEETING OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR SEXUAL MEDICINE AND 20TH CONGRESS OF THE EUROPEAN SOCIETY FOR SEXUAL MEDICINE): VIEW FROM THE POSITION UROLOGIST AND ANDROLOGIST

In this article presented the report about the world meeting on sexual medicine, joint congress 21st World Meeting of the International Society for Sexual Medicine (ISSM) and 20th congress of the European Society for Sexual Medicine (ESSM), held in Lisbon from 28 February to 3 March 2018.Disclosure: The study did not have sponsorship. The authors have declared no conflicts of interest

Importance of immunotherapy in the treatment of recurrent cystitis

The review is devoted to the problems of diagnosis and treatment of chronic recurrent cystitis (CRC). The search was conducted using the Medline, PubMed, EMBASE databases. CRC is a common disease, especially among women of reproductive age. Human papillomaviruses (HPV) are part of the human virome and may be implicated in the development of CRC. Immunostimulating therapy is an effective alternative method for the treatment and prevention of CRC, notably in CRC of human papillomavirus aetiology

Virusuria as a component of the urine microbiota and its significance for assessing the health of the urinary tract: a descriptive clinical study

AIM: To determine the frequency of occurrence of oportunistic pathogenic bacterial flora and viral pathogens in the urine of healthy people with the establishment of the association between them. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 40 healthy sexually active women and men were examined, which are divided by gender into equivalent groups: Group I - healthy women (n=19), Group II - healthy men (n=21). The age of the subjects ranged from 20 to 25 years, the average age was 22.4+/-1.2 years. In both groups, the average portion of morning urine was taken for a study after a proper hygienic procedure with self-urination of the subjects in a sterile plastic container (Sterile Uricol for urine sample collection HiMedia ). In addition to the nutrient media regulated by the Clinical Guidelines, additional HiMedia chromogenic media were used to cultivate facultative anaerobic (FAB) and non-clostridial anaerobic bacteria (NAB). Detection of viruses was performed by PCR with detection in real time . DNA isolation was carried out by the sorption method using the AmpliPrime DNA-Sorb-B ( NextBio ) kit from urine samples, with preliminary concentration. RESULTS: In all 40 cases, normative leukocyturia was detected in the urine. According to the results of bacteriological examination of urine, healthy men and women in all cases found aerobic-anaerobic associations. Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) and Corynebacterium spp. Dominated in the cluster of aerobic taxa of microbiota. (75.0%, 55.0% respectively). The spectrum of CNS was represented by five species: S.epidermidis (30.0%), S.haemolyticus (27.5%), and S.warneri (25.0%), S.saprophyticus and S.lentus (15.0%). Enterococcus spp. were recorded in the urine in 32.5% of cases. Representatives of the Enterobacteriaceae family were represented by 4 taxa: E. coli (10.0%), Klebsiella spp., Proteus spp. (5.0% each), Enterobacter spp., Citrobacter spp. (2.5%). In a cluster of anaerobic bacteria in the urine, Eubacterium spp. (60.0%) and almost half of healthy individuals recorded Lactobacillus spp. and Peptococcus spp. (42.5% each). When analyzing the frequencies of detection of various microbiota taxa, it was found that women significantly more frequently recorded urine Corynebacterium spp., Eubacterium spp. and Lactobacillus spp., as well as Enterococcus spp. and Peptococcus spp. Peptostreptococcus spp. and Veillonella spp. were significantly more often determined (p\u3c0.05) in the urine of men. HHV6 (10.0%), HPV18 and B19 parvovirus (2,5%) were determined in the urine of healthy people. It should be noted that the studied viruses were more often recorded in men, in particular, HPV18 and parvovirus B19 - only in men, and HHV6 more often in men (7.5%), less often in women (2.5%). Significant associations of some genera of microorganisms with the sex of the participants were revealed for E. faecalis and Lactobacillus spp., which were more often found in the urine of healthy women Reliably significant associations were found for three taxa: viruses HPV6, HPV18 and parvoviruses B19 (16.7%) were determined in the presence of Bacteroides spp., Bifidobacterium spp., and Prevotella spp., in urine. Accordingly, in 83.3% of cases, these viruses were detected in the absence of the above-listed taxa of microorganisms in the urine. CONCLUSIONS: The normal urinary microbiota of healthy women and men has differences: Lactobacillus spp and Candida spp are absent in the urine of men while Streptococcus spp in urine of women. HHV6, HPV18, parvoviruses B19 are found in urine of healthy people and more often in men. Data about the virobiota and microbiota of urine in healthy people can highlight on the pathogenesis of urinary tract infections of various localization and develop targeted approaches in personalized therapy of this group of diseases