3,141 research outputs found
A note on the improvement ambiguity of the stress tensor and the critical limits of correlation functions
I study various properties of the critical limits of correlators containing
insertions of conserved and anomalous currents. In particular, I show that the
improvement term of the stress tensor can be fixed unambiguously, studying the
RG interpolation between the UV and IR limits. The removal of the improvement
ambiguity is encoded in a variational principle, which makes use of sum rules
for the trace anomalies a and a'. Compatible results follow from the analysis
of the RG equations. I perform a number of self-consistency checks and discuss
the issues in a large set of theories.Comment: 15 page
Stars creating a gravitational repulsion
In the framework of the Theory of General Relativity, models of stars with an
unusual equation of state where is the mass density
and is the pressure, are constructed. These objects create outside
themselves the forces of gravitational repulsion. The equilibrium of such stars
is ensured by a non-standard balance of forces. Negative mass density, acting
gravitationally on itself, creates an acceleration of the negative mass,
directed from the center. Therefore in the absence of pressure such an object
tends to expand. At the same time, the positive pressure, which falls just like
in ordinary stars from the center to the surface, creates a force directed from
the center. This force acts on the negative mass density, which causes
acceleration directed the opposite of the acting force, that is to the center
of the star. This acceleration balances the gravitational repulsion produced by
the negative mass. Thus, in our models gravity and pressure change roles: the
negative mass tends to create a gravitational repulsion, while the gradient of
the pressure acting on the negative mass tends to compress the star. In this
paper, we construct several models of such a star with various equations of
state.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure
World Sheet Logarithmic CFT in AdS Strings, Ghost-Matter Mixing and M-theory
We discuss several closely related concepts in the NSR formulation of
superstring theory. We demonstrated that recently proposed NSR model for
superstrings on is described by the world-sheet logarithmic
conformal field theory (LCFT). The origin of LCFT on a world-sheet is closely
connected to the matter-ghost mixing in the structure of a brane-like vortex
operators. We suggest a dynamical origin of M theory as a string theory with an
extra dimension given by bosonised superconformal ghosts.Comment: 20 pages, no figures, harvmac, corrected some typo
Renormalization of Schr\"odinger Equation and Wave Functional for Rapidly Oscillating Fields in QCD
Background field method is used to perform renormalization group
transformations for Schr\"odinger equation in QCD. The dependence of the ground
state wave functional on rapidly oscillating fields is found.Comment: 8pp., Late
On Quantum Nature of Black-Hole Spacetime: A Possible New Source of Intense Radiation
Atoms and the planets acquire their stability from the quantum mechanical
incompatibility of the position and momentum measurements. This incompatibility
is expressed by the fundamental commutator [x, p_x]=i hbar, or equivalently,
via the Heisenberg's uncertainty principle Delta x Delta p_x sim hbar. A
further stability-related phenomenon where the quantum realm plays a dramatic
role is the collapse of certain stars into white dwarfs and neutron stars.
Here, an intervention of the Pauli exclusion principle, via the fermionic
degenerate pressure, stops the gravitational collapse. However, by the
neutron-star stage the standard quantum realm runs dry. One is left with the
problematic collapse of a black hole. This essay is devoted to a concrete
argument on why the black-hole spacetime itself should exhibit a quantum
nature. The proposed quantum aspect of spacetime is shown to prevent the
general-relativistic dictated problematic collapse. The quantum nature of
black-hole spacetime is deciphered from a recent result on the universal
equal-area spacing [=lambda_P^2 4 ln(3)] for black holes. In one interpretation
of the emergent picture, an astrophysical black hole can fluctuate to
sqrt{pi/ln(3)} approx 1.7 times its classical size, and thus allow radiation
and matter to escape to the outside observers. These fluctuations I conjecture
provide a new source, perhaps beyond Hawking radiation, of intense radiation
from astrophysical black holes and may be the primary source of observed
radiation from those galactic cores what carry black hole(s). The presented
interpretation may be used as a criterion to choose black holes from black hole
candidates.Comment: This essay received an "honorable mention" in the 1999 Essay
Competition of the Gravity Research Foundation - Ed. Int. J. Mod. Phys. D
(1999, in press). For Joseph Knech
Generalized parity transformations in the regularized Chern-Simons theory
We study renormalization effects in the Abelian Chern-Simons (CS) action.
These effects can be non-trivial when the gauge field is coupled to dynamical
matter, since the regularization of the UV divergences in the model forces the
introduction of a parity even piece in the gauge field action. This changes the
classical (odd) transformation properties of the pure CS action. This effect,
already discussed for the case of a lattice regularization by F. Berruto, M.C.
Diamantini and P. Sodano in hep-th/0004203, is also present when the theory is
defined in the continuum and, indeed, it is a manifestation of a more general
`anomalous' effect, since it happens for every regularization scheme. We
explore the physical consequences of this anomaly. We also show that
generalized, nonlocal parity transformations can be defined in such a way that
the regularized theory is odd, and that those transformations tend to the usual
ones when the cutoff is removed. These generalized transformations play a role
that is tantamount to the deformed symmetry corresponding to Ginsparg-Wilson
fermions [2] (in an even number of spacetime dimensions).Comment: 16 pages, LaTeX, references added and typos correcte
Spherically symmetric spacetimes in massive gravity
We explore spherically symmetric stationary solutions, generated by ``stars''
with regular interiors, in purely massive gravity. We reexamine the claim that
the resummation of non-linear effects can cure, in a domain near the source,
the discontinuity exhibited by the linearized theory as the mass m of the
graviton tends to zero. First, we find analytical difficulties with this claim,
which appears not to be robust under slight changes in the form of the mass
term. Second, by numerically exploring the inward continuation of the class of
asymptotically flat solutions, we find that, when m is ``small'', they all end
up in a singularity at a finite radius, well outside the source, instead of
joining some conjectured ``continuous'' solution near the source. We reopen,
however, the possibility of reconciling massive gravity with phenomenology by
exhibiting a special class of solutions, with ``spontaneous symmetry breaking''
features, which are close, near the source, to general relativistic solutions
and asymptote, for large radii, a de Sitter solution of curvature ~m^2.Comment: 57 pages, references addde
Josephson junction between anisotropic superconductors
The sin-Gordon equation for Josephson junctions with arbitrary misaligned
anisotropic banks is derived. As an application, the problem of Josephson
vortices at twin planes of a YBCO-like material is considered. It is shown that
for an arbitrary orientation of these vortices relative to the crystal axes of
the banks, the junctions should experience a mechanical torque which is
evaluated. This torque and its angular dependence may, in principle, be
measured in small fields, since the flux penetration into twinned crystals
begins with nucleation of Josephson vortices at twin planes.Comment: 6 page
Difficulties in Inducing a Gauge Theory at Large N
It is argued that the recently proposed Kazakov-Migdal model of induced gauge
theory, at large , involves only the zero area Wilson loops that are
effectively trees in the gauge action induced by the scalars. This retains only
a constant part of the gauge action excluding plaquettes or anything like them
and the gauge variables drop out.Comment: 6 pages, Latex, AZPH-TH/93-01, COLO-HEP/30
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