Literature review and clinical observation of acquired idiopathic hemophilia with a new missense mutation in the factor VIII gene (His2026Arg)

The article provides review of possible mechanisms of inhibitor coagulopathies, in particular of acquired hemophilia A. This pathology is an extremely rare disease occurring in 1-2 cases in 1 million per year. In the present study we provide data for two clinical cases of hemophilia A in women. These cases had different development mechanisms, although both women have a newly discovered missense mutation His2026Arg in the VIII factor gene. The matter of main interest is the description of the disease development in the patient with an acquired idiopathic hemophilia A with a possible disease occurrence due to an asymmetric X-chromosome inactivation (lyonization). In this particular case lyonization led to the late manifestation of the hemophilia A carrier’s state and development of severe form of the inhibitor-associated acquired hemophilia A. We also discuss therapeutic approaches to these forms of the disease, considering there are no concise protocols for case management due to an extreme rarity of the pathology. Acquainting the clinical personnel working it the different areas of medicine with suchlike inhibitor coagulopathies has a major practical importance

Тетравалентный неогликоконъюгат на основе d-галактозы для целей медицины

Previously, the scheme of the preparation of a tetravalent neoglycoconjugate with the terminal residues of D-galactose and with a branching component based on D-galactose was carried out in our laboratory. It includes the synthesis of hydrophilic and hydrophobic components, the synthesis of the branching scaffold and its conjugation with a hydrophilic component. This article describes the optimization of the synthesis of 1-O-azidoethyl-β-D-galactopyronaside using the change of different parameters such as temperature, solvent and reaction time. The structure of obtained glycoconjugates has potential to be capable to anti-adhesion and target delivery to certain cell group.Проведена оптимизация ранее разработанной схемы синтеза тетравалентного неогликоконъюгата с терминальными остатками D-галактозы и разветвляющей компонентой на основе D-галактозы. Структура полученных гликоконъюгатов обеспечивает им потенциальную возможность проявлять свойства антиадгезии и специфически связываться с рецепторами на определенных группах клеток

The structure of the oropharyngeal genus Candida fungi community in HIVinfected patients

At the present time virtually no data are available about the structure of the genus Candida fungus able to target HIV-infected patients and serve as an etiological factor of candidiasis. The aforementioned shaped the aim of the study: to examine structure of the Candida genus community colonizing the oropharynx in HIV-infected patients with clinical manifestations of oropharyngeal candidiasis. There was conducted a microbiological study of the oropharynx in 31 HIV-infected patients (51.6% males and 48.4% females) with clinical manifestations of oropharyngeal candidiasis treated at Moscow Infectious Clinic No. 2 inpatient department in the years 2015–2017. We confirmed the diversity of the oropharyngeal Candida spp. community found in HIV-infected patients. Total 52 isolates of the genus Candida were isolated. C. albicans dominated in 57.7% cases, whereas C. glabrata prevailed (21.1%) among non-albicans species. Minor components were represented by C. tropicalis (11.5%) and C. krusei (9.6%). C. albicans and C. glabrata were sensitive to polyenes, whereas minor community components — to itroconazole and clotrimazole. The vast majority of fungal strains were resistant to fluconazole. The genus Candida community reveals a unique architecture so that any member may exist in the oropharyngeal biotope of HIV-infected patients as a monoculture or in association: homogeneous, consisting of a single species strains, or heterogeneous, formed by several species. Candida fungi in 18 patients (58.1%) were isolated as a monoculture, whereas in 13 (41.9%) subjects — in association consisting of 34 isolates (65.4% of total number), of which 16 (30.8%) and 18 (34.6%) were isolated from homogeneous and heterogeneous associations, respectively. There were identified 9 two-component associations (69.2%), and 4 (30.8%) consisting of three or more components. It turned out that pattern of the examined community was mainly determined by species composition that agrees with previous data. Most common associations were presented by C. krusei (100%) and C. albicans (73.3%). Upon that, most often C. albicans (72.7%) formed a homogeneous type of associations. Sensitivity of Candida fungi to antimycotic drugs also depended on the architecture of related community. C. albicans isolates in heterogeneous associations revealed a wide range of resistance acquired by contact with non-albicans species

Tetravalent neoglycoсonjugate based on the d-galactose for medicine purposes

Previously, the scheme of the preparation of a tetravalent neoglycoconjugate with the terminal residues of D-galactose and with a branching component based on D-galactose was carried out in our laboratory. It includes the synthesis of hydrophilic and hydrophobic components, the synthesis of the branching scaffold and its conjugation with a hydrophilic component. This article describes the optimization of the synthesis of 1-O-azidoethyl-β-D-galactopyronaside using the change of different parameters such as temperature, solvent and reaction time. The structure of obtained glycoconjugates has potential to be capable to anti-adhesion and target delivery to certain cell group

Cardiac involvement in lymphomas. Review of literature and case report of the clinical course of B-large-cell lymphoma

Clinical case of successful chemotherapy of patient with cardiac involvement in lymphoma, one of manifestations of which was the heart rhythm and conduction disorder, is presented as illustration. The data on the epidemiology of cardiac involvement in hematologic diseases, particularly in lymphomas and their clinical manifestations, modern diagnostic and treatment are presented. Clinical case of successful chemotherapy of patient with cardiac involvement in lymphoma, one of manifestations of which was the heart rhythm and conduction disorder, is presented as illustration.</p

Changes of myocardial dysfunction and injury biomarkers over chemotherapy for multiple myeloma: difficulties in laboratory data interpretation

Aim. To study the changes of the levels of cardiac biomarkers (N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and high-sensitivity troponin I (hsTnI)) in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) during programmatic treatment with bortezomib (VCd regimen).Material and methods. This prospective pilot study included patients with a newly diagnosed MM (n=30), who were scheduled for a cycle of chemotherapy including a proteasome inhibitor (bortezomib). All patients underwent standard laboratory (complete blood count, biochemical tests, serum protein electrophoresis), electrocardiography, echocardiography, as well as the level of specific laboratory markers of myocardial dysfunction (NT-proBNP) and injury (hsTnI) was determined immediately before treatment, after 3 and 6 cycles of chemotherapy.Results. The mean age was 63,8±10 years with a slight predominance of men (56,7%, n=17). The patients initially had an increased level of NT-proBNP (316 [75,9; 602,6] pg/mL) with its decrease to 144,0 [102,3; 294,0] pg/ml after 3 cycles and to 109,2 [59,9; 344,5] pg/ml after 6 cycles of chemotherapy. At the MM onset, the mean hsTnI values were 0,06 [0,03; 0,49] ng/mL, whereas after 3 and 6 chemotherapy cycles it accounted for 0,02 [0,01-0,68] and 0,65 [0,02; 1,51] ng/ml, respectively, with the normal range of less than 0,1 ng/ml. Despite this, no statistical significance has been obtained. There were no clinical and/or laboratory signs of heart failure, ischemia, or other non-cardiac causes of elevated NT-proBNP levels in this cohort. Multivariate regression analysis revealed the following significant factors influencing the initial hsTnI level: paraprotein, hemoglobin and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). The resulting regression model was characterized by a strong correlation (r=0,702, p&lt;0,001).Conclusion. MM and its pathogenetic features such as paraproteinemia may be challenging for NT-proBNP and hsTnI levels assessment in group of interest before treatment. An unreliable assessment of these markers before chemotherapy may lead to incorrect baseline cardiovascular risk stratification and make it difficult for a cardiologist/cardio-oncologist to choose proper management strategy

Synthesis of cationic single-isomer cyclodextrins for the chiral separation of amino acids and anionic pharmaceuticals.

10.1038/nprot.2007.479Nature protocols2123195-320