A Case of Hyperkalemia Versus Pseudohyperkalemia in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Introduction: Both hyperkalemia and pseudohyperkalemia occur in the emergency department. True hyperkalemia necessitates emergent treatment while pseudohyperkalemia requires recognition to prevent inappropriate treatment. It is imperative that the emergency physician (EP) have an understanding of the causes and clinical presentations of both phenomena.Case Report: We present a case of an 88-year-old male with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and suspected blast crisis who was found to have elevated serum potassium levels without other manifestations of hyperkalemia and eventually was determined to have pseudohyperkalemia due to white cell fragility.Discussion: Differentiation of hyperkalemia and pseudohyperkalemia is a critical skill for the EP. We discuss multiple causes of hyperkalemia and pseudohyperkalemia in an effort to broaden the knowledge base.Conclusion: We present a case of CLL as an unusual cause of pseudohyperkalemia and review common causes of pseudohyperkalemia

Radiographic measurements of the trachea in domestic short haired and Persian cats

Tracheal diameter can be assessed from a thoracic radiograph, with assessment of tracheal diameter in dogs based on ratios between tracheal diameter and a skeletal measurement – however reference ranges are not available for the cat. Tracheal narrowing may cause significant clinical problems, although tracheal hypoplasia in dogs may be clinically silent, and is rarely reported in cats (both mesati- and brachycephalic). The tracheal diameter and trachea:thoracic inlet and trachea:rib ratios were calculated for populations of Domestic Short Haired (DSH) (n=68) and Persian (n=40) cats. This gave reference ranges for radiographic tracheal measurements in these breeds. It is proposed that the tracheal diameter in a normal DSH cat should be 18% of the diameter of the thoracic inlet, and compared to 20% in Persian cats

Sample preparation and processing

Errors made during the sample preparative process contribute significantly to the total analytical error of immunoassays. Reduction in the magnitude of these errors have been made by improvements in the manualfluid handling systems and mechanization of the individual steps in the process. The mechanization has been stimulated by developments in both computing hardware and software. A laboratory's workflow and workload will indicate the degree of mechanization required

A review of offshore wind technology and the development of the Virginia coastline and Outer Continental Shelf

Offshore wind power is an increasingly viable resource that is being considered by many coastal States in the U.S for development. This thesis provides a recommendation concerning the foundations that will be needed for the construction of offshore wind farms off the coast of Virginia. To accomplish this I reviewed current and prototype underwater foundation technologies in order to establish viable options for developers to use. I was also able to analyze a case study that conducted “an analysis and survey of the experiences and lessons learned by developers of offshore wind farms” in Europe. This case study focuses mainly on early planning and construction lessons that were learned by European offshore wind developers on prior projects. It explains that most project costs and mistakes could be reduced or averted given sufficient and appropriate pre-project planning. I have also reviewed the proposed offshore wind projects planned along the east coast of the United States. This review includes an analysis of the federal regulations that are involved in developing in offshore waters. This thesis also evaluates state and local laws in Virginia and reviews the state sponsored research program supported by the Virginia Coastal Energy Research Consortium. By compiling this information I am able to recommend that monopole and truss foundations with suction pillons be used for the development of offshore waters. Water depth and sediment type must be taken into account when choosing which foundation is best suited for a particular location. These two foundation types offer minimal seabed preparation and the lower cost per installation as compared to other foundations

Population Growth and Other Statistics of Middle-sized Irish Towns. General Research Series Paper No. 85, April 1976

The basic aim of the study is the presentation of tables of comparative statistical data relating to 97 towns with population 5OO-1O,OOO in 1971 and analyses of such data. The exclusion of the four County Boroughs and Dun Laoghaire together with twelve other large towns and all small towns and villages, was to impart a degree of homogeneity to the inquiry, as regards function of town. The 97 towns range from Mullingar, the largest with a population of 9,245 to Cootehill with 1,542

Population and Economics in Ireland in the Recent Past and in the Near Future. ESRI Memorandum Series No. 148 1981

There is far more to population than economics. The existence of any person now is the result of one chance in countless billions of possibilities down the ages so, by this test, the value of a person is immeasurably great whatever her or his social status, though this may not appear about ourselves or to us about our fellow humans, there are so many of us. The existence of a person will usually create love and ether social relations of incomparable significance. We are aware that in law and in less worthy connections (including kidnapping) the question of valuation of a person can arise; figures are mentioned but they cannot be regarded seriously as statistics. At one time in Ireland* long ago the argument was rife in respectable circles that because it cost 1,000 to rear an emigrant the country lost 20 million a year if emigration amounted to 20,000 persons. R. C. Geary's (1941) refutation of this thesis is nowadays as likely to amuse as to instruct. You may hold that human existence is always better than non-existence, a philosophical question which shall not concern us. Our approach is almost exclusively statistical. We bear in mind, however, the peroration of Sean Lemass at the Centenary Banquet in 1947 of the SSISI. "The best things in life are not measurable by statistics and we pray that they will remain so". We mention non-statistical values lest they be forgotten. Population policy may be determined by such values, despite any statistical showing; this is for the people to determine. There may be no such conflict

I Always Feel Like Somebody’s Watching Me: Student Perceptions of Library Data Privacy

Data privacy has emerged as a controversial topic in higher education. As librarians, we recognize the importance of privacy and confidentiality for allowing patrons to learn and explore without unnecessary barriers or fear of repercussions. However, there is a growing trend of data collection and analysis in libraries that impacts a patron’s right to privacy. In a presentation given at the 2019 South Carolina Library Association Annual Conference, we explored issues of click-through-consent, data invasion, and awareness of the types of data tracked. We asked for audience engagement as we discussed future directions including a survey on student perceptions of data privacy in libraries