Evaluation of antiulcer activity of ethanolic leaf extract of Coccinia grandis in indomethacin induced gastric ulcer model

Background: Gastric mucosal ulceration is the most common adverse effect with NSAIDS. Antacids, H2 blockers and PPIs are considered novel in treating ulcers but are not devoid of side effects. Hence, there a need for a drug which is effective against NSAID induced ulcers with no side effects. Coccinia grandis plant is traditionally used for the treatment of gastric/peptic ulcers. Hence, this study has been undertaken to scientifically validate the antiulcer activity of Coccinia grandis leaves against indomethacin induced gastric ulcer model.Methods: Following preparation of the extract, 24 Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups with 6 rats in each group (n=6). Group 1 received 1% CMC, group 2 received 1% CMC +indomethacin 40 mg/kg, group 3 received ethanolic leaf extract of Coccinia grandis 200 mg/kg +indomethacin 40 mg/kg and group 4 received omeprazole (2 mg/kg) +indomethzacin 40 mg/kg for 7 days. Calculation of ulcer score was done using ulcer index and percentage protection.Results: The ulcer index score (2.12±0.21) and percentage protection (69.71%) was comparable with the standard drug (1.76±0.11, 74.85%) respectively.Conclusions: The ethanolic leaf extract of Coccinia grandis showed significant antiulcer activity against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the exact mechanism of antiulcer activity

Effect of quercetin on histamine induced gastric ulcers in male guinea pigs

Background: Peptic ulcer disease is the most prevalent gastrointestinal diseases caused by an imbalance between gastric stimulant or aggressive factors and the mucosal defensive factors. The defence of flavonoids against the tissue oxidative stress is being proved in various animal models for wide pharmacological effects. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the anti-oxidant effect of quercetin in histamine induced gastric ulcers.Methods: Male guinea pigs were divided into 4 groups (n=6). Group I includes normal control. Group 2, 3 and 4 were induced gastric ulcers with histamine as intraperitoneal (IP) injection. Group 2 serves as the gastric ulcer control. Group 3 and Group 4 are pre-treated with quercetin 200 mg/kg per orally (PO) and ranitidine 100 mg/kg PO respectively 45mins before histamine injection. After 4 hours of histamine injection, the animals were sacrificed to collect blood samples and stomach tissue for estimation of plasma and tissue antioxidant levels.Results: On estimation of antioxidant levels both in plasma and stomach tissues the SOD and CAT levels increased in the Group 3 and 4 significantly and also a significant reduction in MDA levels were noted in the Group 3 and 4 compared to the gastric ulcer control group.Conclusions: Hence, with flavonoids quercetin utilization in histamine induced gastric ulcers, the antioxidants showed comparative levels with ranitidine treatment groups. So a permanent cure for the chronic gastric ulcers could be proved in further studies as this is the milestone, tough to achieve in general clinical practice