6,696 research outputs found
The Multiple Young Stellar Objects of HBC 515: An X-ray and Millimeter-wave Imaging Study in (Pre-main Sequence) Diversity
We present Chandra X-ray Observatory and Submillimeter Array (SMA) imaging of
HBC 515, a system consisting of multiple young stellar objects (YSOs). The five
members of HBC 515 represent a remarkably diverse array of YSOs, ranging from
the low-mass Class I/II protostar HBC 515B, through Class II and transition
disk objects (HBC 515D and C, respectively), to the "diskless", intermediate-
mass, pre-main sequence binary HBC 515A. Our Chandra/ACIS imaging establishes
that all five components are X-ray sources, with HBC 515A - a
subarcsecond-separation binary that is partially resolved by Chandra - being
the dominant X-ray source. We detect an X-ray flare associated with HBC 515B.
In the SMA imaging, HBC 515B is detected as a strong 1.3 mm continuum emission
source; a second, weaker mm continuum source is coincident with the position of
the transition disk object HBC 515C. These results strongly support the
protostellar nature of HBC 515B, and firmly establish HBC 515A as a member of
the rare class of relatively massive, X-ray luminous "weak-lined T Tauri stars"
that are binaries and have shed their disks at very early stages of pre-MS
evolution. The coexistence of two such disparate objects within a single,
presumably coeval multiple YSO system highlights the influence of pre- MS star
mass, binarity, and X-ray luminosity in regulating the lifetimes of
circumstellar, planet-forming disks and the timescales of star-disk
interactions.Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A; 11 pages, 5 figure
A study of top polarization in single-top production at the LHC
This paper complements the study of single top production at the LHC aiming
to estimate the sensitivity of different observables to the magnitude of the
effective couplings. In a previous paper the dominant -gluon fusion
mechanism was considered, while here we extend the analysis to the subdominant
(10% with our set of experimental cuts) s-channel process. In order to
distinguish left from right effective couplings it is required to consider
polarized cross-sections and/or include effects. The spin of the top is
accessible only indirectly by measuring the angular distribution of its decay
products. We show that the presence of effective right-handed couplings implies
necessarily that the top is not in a pure spin state. We discuss to what extent
quantum interference terms can be neglected in the measurement and therefore
simply multiply production and decay probabilities clasically. The coarsening
involved in the measurement process makes this possible. We determine for each
process the optimal spin basis where theoretical errors are minimized and,
finally, discuss the sensitivity in the s-channel to the effective right-handed
coupling. The results presented here are all analytical and include
corrections. They are derived within the narrow width approximation for the
top.Comment: 30 pages, 14 figure
Weak boson fusion production of supersymmetric particles at the LHC
We present a complete calculation of weak boson fusion production of
colorless supersymmetric particles at the LHC, using the new matrix element
generator SUSY-MadGraph. The cross sections are small, generally at the
attobarn level, with a few notable exceptions which might provide additional
supersymmetric parameter measurements. We discuss in detail how to consistently
define supersymmetric weak couplings to preserve unitarity of weak gauge boson
scattering amplitudes to fermions, and derive sum rules for weak supersymmetric
couplings.Comment: 24 p., 3 fig., 9 tab., published in PRD; numbers in Table IV
corrected to those with kinematic cuts cite
Calculation of HELAS amplitudes for QCD processes using graphics processing unit (GPU)
We use a graphics processing unit (GPU) for fast calculations of helicity
amplitudes of quark and gluon scattering processes in massless QCD. New HEGET
({\bf H}ELAS {\bf E}valuation with {\bf G}PU {\bf E}nhanced {\bf T}echnology)
codes for gluon self-interactions are introduced, and a C++ program to convert
the MadGraph generated FORTRAN codes into HEGET codes in CUDA (a C-platform for
general purpose computing on GPU) is created. Because of the proliferation of
the number of Feynman diagrams and the number of independent color amplitudes,
the maximum number of final state jets we can evaluate on a GPU is limited to 4
for pure gluon processes (), or 5 for processes with one or more
quark lines such as and . Compared with the usual
CPU-based programs, we obtain 60-100 times better performance on the GPU,
except for 5-jet production processes and the processes for which
the GPU gain over the CPU is about 20
Combined Electroweak Analysis
Recent developments in the measurement of precision electroweak measurements
are summarised, notably new results on the mass of the top quark and mass and
width of the W boson. Predictions of the Standard Model are compared to the
experimental results which are used to constrain the input parameters of the
Standard Model, in particular the mass of the Higgs boson. The agreement
between measurements and expectations from theory is discussed.
Invited talk presented at the EPS HEP 2007 conference
Manchester, England, July 19th to 25th, 2007Comment: 7 pages and 6 figure
Tentative Theses on Transformative Research in Real-World Laboratories: First Insights from the Accompanying Research ForReal
Real-world laboratories are growing in popularity promising a contribution to both: the understanding and facilitation of societal transformation towards sustainability. Baden-WĂĽrttemberg substantially funds real-world labs as part of the initiative "science for sustainability". To facilitate learning with and from these so-called BaWĂĽ-Labs, they are supported by accompanying research conducted by two teams. This article presents first insights and theses on real-world labs as a research format, based in particular on the work of the accompanying research team ForReal. The team supports the labs in their realization and in providing general insights, e.g. by learning from related international research approaches and dialog with international experts, and analyzes suitable quality features and methods (the latter together with the University of Basel team). The theses presented here put up for discussion first insights on real-world labs as a transformative research approach and reflect on them from a theoretical perspective. They illustrate the relevance of a goal-oriented use of methods and present learning processes as core characteristics of real-world labs. The theses were formulated based on discussions with the BaWĂĽ-Labs, exchange in international contexts as well as a thematic literature review
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