Influence of climatic seasons and the origin of animals on indicators of cattle productivity

Abstract The processes of life of the body, as well as its physiological functions, are largely characterized by the biochemical and morphological compositions of blood. Studying the level and direction of metabolic processes in animals under the influence of genotypic and paratypical factors is of great practical interest. The object of the study was bull-calves from cows of different productive values of the created hornless type of Hereford breed cattle. We found an increased level of β-globulins in experimental bulls of groups III and V in the winter as well as a significant (in 1.2 times) increase (p≤0.05) of the vitamin A content in group II, compared to the first group. A significant increase in the concentration of carotene in the II experimental group reached a 1.3 times point (p≤0.05) and, at the same time, found its decrease in the IV group by 17.1 % (p≤0.05) compared to the first group. It was noted that the more massive calves had higher levels of hemoglobin and red blood cells in temperature-contrast periods of the year. The superiority of bulls from group III over peers in these indices was 5.05–16.29 % and 5.1–13.5 %. All changes in the values of the morphological and biochemical compositions of blood were at the optimal level changing by seasons of the year. In most cases, the high values corresponded to a higher growth rate of the live mass of the bulls of studied genotypes.</jats:p

Genome-Wide Associative Study of Phenotypic Parameters of the 3D Body Model of Aberdeen Angus Cattle with Multiple Depth Cameras

Simple Summary This article aims to develop a new approach to the lifetime evaluation of cattle by 3-D visualization of economic-biological and genetic features. The following indicators were selected as phenotypic features: chest width and chest girth retrieved by 3-D model and meat output on the bones. Correlation analysis showed a reliable positive relationship between chest width and meat output on the bones, which can potentially be used for lifetime evaluation of meat productivity of animals. Genome-wide associations analysis revealed the following potential loci of quantitative traits on cattle chromosomes for chest width, chest girth, and meat output on bones. In beef cattle breeding, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) arrays can reveal many loci of various production traits, such as growth, productivity, and meat quality. With the development of genome sequencing technologies, new opportunities are opening up for more accurate identification of areas associated with these traits. This article aims to develop a novel approach to the lifetime evaluation of cattle by 3-D visualization of economic-biological and genetic features. The purpose of this study was to identify significant variants underlying differences in the qualitative characteristics of meat, using imputed data on the sequence of the entire genome. Samples of biomaterial of young Aberdeen-Angus breed cattle (n = 96) were the material for carrying out genome-wide SNP genotyping. Genotyping was performed using a high-density DNA chip Bovine GPU HD BeadChip (Illumina Inc., San Diego, CA, USA), containing similar to 150 thousand SNPs. The following indicators were selected as phenotypic features: chest width and chest girth retrieved by 3-D model and meat output on the bones. Correlation analysis showed a reliable positive relationship between chest width and meat output on the bones, which can potentially be used for lifetime evaluation of meat productivity of animals