Out-of-Equilibrium Admittance of Single Electron Box Under Strong Coulomb Blockade

We study admittance and energy dissipation in an out-of-equlibrium single electron box. The system consists of a small metallic island coupled to a massive reservoir via single tunneling junction. The potential of electrons in the island is controlled by an additional gate electrode. The energy dissipation is caused by an AC gate voltage. The case of a strong Coulomb blockade is considered. We focus on the regime when electron coherence can be neglected but quantum fluctuations of charge are strong due to Coulomb interaction. We obtain the admittance under the specified conditions. It turns out that the energy dissipation rate can be expressed via charge relaxation resistance and renormalized gate capacitance even out of equilibrium. We suggest the admittance as a tool for a measurement of the bosonic distribution corresponding collective excitations in the system

/STRU^NI RAD UDK 616.71-001.5-089.881:615.472 New concept in external fixation

A new concept in external skeletal fixation is presented. A 3D unilateral system developed by Mitkovic has widely been investigated biomechanically in AO institute in Davos (Switzerland). Consists of three components only providing extremely simple application and dynamic fixation of bones and different joints. This simple external fixator functions as an accurate reduction device at the same time, minimizing need for fluoroscopy. Clinically this system has been applied to mere then 13 thousand patients in 43 clinics. This paper presents the results of its application for treatment of open fractures, war wounds with fractures and for comminuted and intraarticular closed fractures in the series of 597 patients. Overall average time for union time was 3.2 months. Overall success of fracture healing was 96.8% including open and closed fractures. Our study suggests that the use of this 3D unilateral system is suitable for routine use. Key words: fracture, external fixation, Mitkovic external fixator, war wounds, nonunion rezim

Novel hybrid polyketide compounds produced by genetic engineering of the oxytetracycline biosynthetic pathway. Food Technol. Biotechnol

Summary The whole oxytetracycline (OTC