Restoring Aspen Riparian Stands With Beaver on the Northern Yellowstone Winter Range

Aspen (Populus tremuloides) on the Gardiner Ranger District, Gallatin National Forest, have declined over the last half-century. In an attempt to reverse this trend, beaver (Castor canadensis) were reintroduced in Eagle Creek in 1991. In 2005, we assessed the long-term effects of beaver on aspen stands and the associated riparian area in the Eagle Creek drainage. Aspen recovery was estimated by comparing vegetative changes among control sites with \u3c10 percent beaver use\u3e(n = 5), active beaver sites (n = 6), sites abandoned for 1 to 3 years (n = 7), sites abandoned for 4 to 6 years (n = 4), and sites abandoned for 7 to 11 years (n = 5). Aspen stem densities in active sites and sites abandoned by beaver for 1 to 3 years were similar (2.6/m2) and greater (P = 0.01) than the remaining sites. Sprout and sapling densities were greater (P = 0.01) on active and sites abandoned for 1 to 3 years compared to the other sites. Aspen suckers were not able to grow taller than 2m on sites without beaver activity for 4 to 1 years, which prevented aspen recovery. Beaver activity stimulated the growth of aspen sprouts and saplings, but ungulate herbivory prevented successful aspen recovery in Eagle Creek

Unworking Milton: Steps to a Georgics of the Mind

Traditionally read as a poem about laboring subjects who gain power through abstract and abstracting forms of bodily discipline, John Milton’s Paradise Lost (1667, 1674) more compellingly foregrounds the erotics of the Garden as a space where humans and nonhumans intra-act materially and sexually. Following Christopher Hill, who long ago pointed to not one but two revolutions in the history of seventeenth-century English radicalism—the first, ‘the one which succeeded[,] . . . the protestant ethic’; and the second, ‘the revolution which never happened,’ which sought ‘communal property, a far wider democracy[,] and rejected the protestant ethic’—I show how Milton’s Paradise Lost gives substance to ‘the revolution which never happened’ by imagining a commons, indeed a communism, in which human beings are not at the center of things, but rather constitute one part of the greater ecology of mind within Milton’s poem. In the space created by this ecological reimagining, plants assume a new agency. I call this reimagining ‘ecology to come.

Sputum and serum calprotectin are useful biomarkers during CF exacerbation

AbstractBackgroundAdequate monitoring of cystic fibrosis lung disease is difficult. CF exacerbation offers a unique setting to test the utility of biomarkers in the assessment of changing airways inflammation. We hypothesised that levels of calprotectin in sputum (and serum) would change informatively following treatment of an exacerbation.Methods27 patients with CF were recruited at onset of pulmonary exacerbation. Sputum and serum were collected at the start and end of anti-biotic therapy. Sputum calprotectin, interleukin-8 (IL8), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were measured, as were serum calprotectin, CRP and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).ResultsSputum calprotectin decreased following treatment of an exacerbation (p<0.05), and was superior to other sputum markers. Serum calprotectin, CRP, and VEGF also decreased significantly (p=0.002, p=0.002, p=0.013 respectively). Serum calprotectin level following treatment had predictive value for time to next exacerbation (p=0.032).ConclusionsThis study demonstrates the superiority of calprotectin (in sputum and serum) as a biomarker of CF exacerbation over better-established markers

Effect of Soil Depth on Plant Production

Soil depth is an important factor to consider when evaluating forage production on range soils. Three soils with different soil depths produced different kinds and amounts of vegetation. The Bakeoven cobbly silt loam (5 inches to basalt bedrock) produced 158.7 lb/acre. The Kuhl silt loam (12 inches to basalt bedrock) produced 620.0 lb/acre. The Anders silt loam (25 inches to basalt bedrock) produced 869.4 lb/acre.This material was digitized as part of a cooperative project between the Society for Range Management and the University of Arizona Libraries.The Journal of Range Management archives are made available by the Society for Range Management and the University of Arizona Libraries. Contact [email protected] for further information.Migrated from OJS platform August 202

Effect of operational fertilization on foliar nutrient content and growth of young douglas-fir and Pacific silver fir /

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