9,115 research outputs found
Confinement by Monopoles in the Positive Plaquette Model of SU(2) Lattice Gauge Theory
Confinement via 't Hooft-Mandelstam monopoles is studied for the positive
plaquette model in SU(2) lattice gauge theory. Positive plaquette model
configurations are projected into the maximum abelian gauge and the magnetic
current extracted. The resulting magnetic current is used to compute monopole
contributions to Wilson loops and extract a monopole contribution to the string
tension. As was previously found for the Wilson action, the monopole
contribution to the string tension agrees with the string tension calculated
directly from the SU(2) links. The fact that the positive plaquette model
suppresses Z2 monopoles and vortices is discussed.Comment: 8 pages, one Postscript figure, Latex, uses psfig files:
posplaq.tex,posplaq.aux,pp_1_3.ps packaged with uufile
Numerical Investigation of Second Mode Attenuation over Carbon/Carbon Surfaces on a Sharp Slender Cone
We have carried out axisymmetric numerical simulations of a spatially
developing hypersonic boundary layer over a sharp 7-half-angle cone
at inspired by the experimental investigations by Wagner (2015).
Simulations are first performed with impermeable (or solid) walls with a
one-time broadband pulse excitation applied upstream to determine the most
convectively-amplified frequencies resulting in the range 260kHz -- 400kHz,
consistent with experimental observations of second-mode instability waves.
Subsequently, we introduce harmonic disturbances via continuous periodic
suction and blowing at 270kHz and 350kHz. For each of these forcing frequencies
complex impedance boundary conditions (IBC), modeling the acoustic response of
two different carbon/carbon (C/C) ultrasonically absorptive porous surfaces,
are applied at the wall. The IBCs are derived as an output of a pore-scale
aeroacoustic analysis -- the inverse Helmholtz Solver (iHS) -- which is able to
return the broadband real and imaginary components of the surface-averaged
impedance. The introduction of the IBCs in all cases leads to a significant
attenuation of the harmonically-forced second-mode wave. In particular, we
observe a higher attenuation rate of the introduced waves with frequency of
350kHz in comparison with 270kHz, and, along with the iHS impedance results, we
establish that the C/C surfaces absorb acoustic energy more effectively at
higher frequencies.Comment: AIAA-SciTech 201
Drift and Diffusion of Spins Generated by the Spin Hall Effect
Electrically generated spin accumulation due to the spin Hall effect is
imaged in n-GaAs channels using Kerr rotation microscopy, focusing on its
spatial distribution and time-averaged behavior in a magnetic field.
Spatially-resolved imaging reveals that spin accumulation observed in
transverse arms develops due to longitudinal drift of spin polarization
produced at the sample boundaries. One- and two-dimensional drift-diffusion
modeling is used to explain these features, providing a more complete
understanding of observations of spin accumulation and the spin Hall effect.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figure
Short distance potential and the thick center vortex model
The short distance potentials between heavy SU(3) and SU(4) sources are
calculated by increasing the role of vortex fluxes piercing Wilson loops with
contributions close to the trivial center element and by fluctuating the vortex
core size in the model of thick center vortices. By this method, a Coulombic
potential consistent with Casimir scaling is obtained. In addition, all other
features of the potential including a linear intermediate potential in
agreement with Casimir scaling and a large distance potential proportional to
the -ality of the representation are restored. Therefore, the model of thick
center vortices may be used as a phenomenological model, which is able to
describe the potential for all regimes.Comment: 9 pages and 6 figure
The Development of Art Learning Model at School (a Review of Music Education Learning in Indonesia)
At the present time, art education is often ignored. Focus on teaching and learning at school seems to accentuate other subjects, such as: science, economics, and technology. This trend is becoming more concerning for the arts is a field of study, which draws attention to the development of perceptual sensitivity, creativity, as well as social responsibility. However, if art education, in this case is music education, is taught theoretically based on other cultural materials, then the consequences will be worse for students. This study is aimed to draw outlines of music education which hopefully can answer the three aspects of music which are previously described. The outlines are arranged based on recent discoveries in audio perceptions
Upper Bound on the Dark Matter Total Annihilation Cross Section
We consider dark matter annihilation into Standard Model particles and show
that the least detectable final states, namely neutrinos, define an upper bound
on the total cross section. Calculating the cosmic diffuse neutrino signal, and
comparing it to the measured terrestrial atmospheric neutrino background, we
derive a strong and general bound. This can be evaded if the annihilation
products are dominantly new and truly invisible particles. Our bound is much
stronger than the unitarity bound at the most interesting masses, shows that
dark matter halos cannot be significantly modified by annihilations, and can be
improved by a factor of 10--100 with existing neutrino experiments.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures; version accepted for publication in PR
Quality assurance in stereotactic radiosurgery/radiotherapy according to DIN 6875-1
The new DIN (' Deutsche Industrie- Norm') 6875- 1, which is currently being finalised, deals with quality assurance ( QA) criteria and tests methods for linear accelerator and Gamma Knife stereotactic radiosurgery/ radiotherapy including treatment planning, stereotactic frame and stereotactic imaging and a system test to check the whole chain of uncertainties. Our existing QA program, based on dedicated phantoms and test procedures, has been refined to fulfill the demands of this new DIN. The radiological and mechanical isocentre corresponded within 0.2 mm and the measured 50% isodose lines were in agreement with the calculated ones within less than 0.5 mm. The measured absorbed dose was within 3%. The resultant output factors measured for the 14-, 8- and 4- mm collimator helmet were 0.9870 +/- 0.0086, 0.9578 +/- 0.0057 and 0.8741 +/- 0.0202, respectively. For 170 consecutive tests, the mean geometrical accuracy was 0.48 +/- 0.23 mm. Besides QA phantoms and analysis software developed in- house, the use of commercially available tools facilitated the QA according to the DIN 6875- 1 with which our results complied. Copyright (C) 2004 S. Karger AG, Basel
Why Social Workers Remain in the Field: An Exploratory Study on the Protective Factors Associated with Social Worker Perseverance
Social workers face many challenges and hardships throughout their careers. This study examines the numerous stressors that social work professionals come in contact with on a daily basis, and explores the protective factors that provide these professionals with their drive to persevere in the face of these stressors. Data was obtained through semi-structured qualitative interviews with four professional social workers with a minimum of 15 years of experience in the social work field. Methods such as committee analysis, thematic clustering, and peer reviews were all utilized to analyze data for this study. The interviews highlighted key themes such as: career satisfaction, stressors, protective factors, the journey to a career in social work, and why social workers choose to remain in the social work field. Findings indicated that factors such as lack of resources, the “do more with less” mentality, balancing self-care and client needs, lack of co-worker support, poor management, and being a witness to the pain of others, all contribute to higher levels of social worker stress. Findings also indicated a number of protective factors that social workers report help to reduce the impacts of stress in their careers such as self-care, work diversity, worker autonomy, work with clients and problem solving, job security, and alternative work fantasies
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