Some complex intensification features of spheroidizing annealing of low carbon steel

The paper considers complex intensification features of spheroidizing annealing of low-carbon steels and possible technological realizations of intensive annealing modes in current lines. The research aims to reveal the intensification nature of the steel’s spheroidizing due to the non-isothermal holding and an internal coolant for the metal heating. That allows a significant reduction of the spheroidizing annealing process while improving the steel product’s technological properties – providing a high dispersion and homogeneity of the structure across the entire plane of its section. The multiprocessor computing system with its mathematical and IT software for modeling the heat treatment modes of metal billets effectively controls the processes

Some complex intensification features of spheroidizing annealing of low carbon steel

The paper considers complex intensification features of spheroidizing annealing of low-carbon steels and possible technological realizations of intensive annealing modes in current lines. The research aims to reveal the intensification nature of the steel’s spheroidizing due to the non-isothermal holding and an internal coolant for the metal heating. That allows a significant reduction of the spheroidizing annealing process while improving the steel product’s technological properties – providing a high dispersion and homogeneity of the structure across the entire plane of its section. The multiprocessor computing system with its mathematical and IT software for modeling the heat treatment modes of metal billets effectively controls the processes

Associations of CYP2D6, ABCB1 2677G>T/A and 3435C>T with effectiveness and safety of pharmacotherapy for acute psychotic episodes in adolescents over 28 days

Introduction. Pharmacokinetic genetic factors are prognostically relevant when prescribing antipsychotics to adult patients. Currently, there is a dearth of research on adolescents with an acute psychotic episode. Aim. To identify possible associations of CYP2D6, CYP3A4/5 and ABCB1 gene polymorphic variants with the efficacy and safety of pharmacotherapy in adolescents with an acute psychotic episode within 28 days. Materials and methods. The study included 68 adolescents with an established diagnosis of acute polymorphic psychotic disorder at the time of admission (F23.0-9 according to ICD- 10). All patients received an antipsychotic as their main therapy. Patients were monitored for 28 days. The effectiveness of antipsychotics was assessed using the Children’s Global Assessment Scale (CGAS), Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale (PANSS), Clinical Global Impression Severity (CGI-S) and Improvement (CGI-I). The safety of pharmacotherapy was assessed using the UKU Side Effects Rating Scale (UKU SERS), Sympson-Angus Scale (SAS), Barnes Akathisia rating scale (BARS). From each patient we obtained a buccal scraped epithelium, extracted DNA from it by sorbent method and detected carriage of genetic polymorphisms CYP3A4*22 (rs2740574), CYP3A5*3 (6986A>G, rs776746), CYP2D6*4, *9, *10 (rs3892097, rs4986774, rs1065852), ABCB1 1236C>T (rs1128503), 2677G>T/A (rs2032582), 3435C>T (rs1045642) by real-time PCR. Results. Carriers of ABCB1 2677G>T/A significantly less frequently demonstrated response to pharmacotherapy according to PANSS scale on day 14 compared to GG homozygotes (64.6 % vs. 94.7 %; p=0.014). Carriers of the ABCB1 3435C>T differed by a higher total UKU SERS score on day 14 compared to CC genotype carriers (9.21±5.95 vs. 5.1±4.48; p=0.037). Patients with «intermediate» CYP2D6 metabolism were more likely to have reduced sleep duration (13.6 % vs. 0 %; p=0.031). ABCB1 2677G>T/A (51 % vs. 15.8 %; p=0.012) and 3435C>T (46.6 % vs. 10 %; p=0.039) were more frequently associated with dry mouth. ABCB1 3435C>T carriers were also more likely to have orthostatic vertigo (34.5 % vs. 0 %; p=0.028). Conclusion. Carriage of the ABCB1 3435C>T was associated with greater efficacy of pharmacotherapy for acute psychotic episode in adolescents after 28 days, but also increases the risk of adverse reactions in the first 2 weeks of treatment. The ABCB1 2677G>T/A was associated with an increased risk of adverse reactions as well as less reduction of psychotic symptoms on day 14 of pharmacotherapy

Analysis of associations between pharmacodynamic genetic factors and antipsychotics’ effectiveness and safety in adolescents with acute psychotic episodes taking antipsychotics during a 28-day follow-up

Introduction. Antipsychotics are the main drugs for treatment of schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Pharmacodynamic genetic factors are being actively studied to improve the accuracy of antipsychotic selection based on pharmacogenetic testing. Purpose of this study: to establish associations of genetic polymorphisms of the DRD2, DRD3, DRD4, HTR2A, COMT, ZNF804A, and ANKS1B genes with the efficacy and safety of antipsychotics in adolescents with an acute psychotic episode during a 28-day follow-up. Materials and methods. The study included 68 adolescents with an established diagnosis of acute polymorphic psychotic disorder at the time of admission (F23.0-9 according to ICD-10). All patients received an antipsychotic as their main therapy. Patients were monitored for 28 days. The effectiveness of antipsychotics was assessed using the Children’s Global Assessment Scale (CGAS), Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale (PANSS), Clinical Global Impression Severity (CGI-S) and Improvement (CGI-I). The safety of pharmacotherapy was assessed using the UKU Side Effects Rating Scale (UKU SERS), Sympson-Angus Scale (SAS), Barnes Akathisia rating scale (BARS). From each patient we obtained a buccal scraped epithelium, extracted DNA from it by sorbent method and detected carriage of genetic polymorphisms DRD2 rs1800497 (C>T), DRD3 rs6280 (C>T), DRD3 rs324026 (C>T), DRD4 rs1800955 (C>T), HTR2A rs6313 (T>C), COMT rs4680 (Val158Met, G>A), ZNF804A rs1344706 (A>C), ANKS1B rs7968606 (C>T) by real-time PCR. Results. DRD2 rs1800497 T allele carriers had a stronger reduction in the PANSS subscore «Productive Symptomatics» on day 14 (Me=-7.0 [-9.0;-5.0] vs Me=-7.0 [-8.0;-2.0]; p=0.018) and day 28 of follow-up (Me=-11.0 [-9.0;-5.5] vs Me=-8.0 [-8.0;-2.0]; p=0.019). Also, greater improvement on the CGAS scale on day 14 of follow-up was seen in TC+CC HTR2A rs6313 carriers (Me=2.0 [1.0;3.0] vs. Me=2.0 [1.0;2.0]; p=0.029). DRD3 rs324026 homozygous carriers (TT) had a significantly lower SAS score (Me=0.5 [0.0; 1.0] vs. Me=1.0 [0.0; 5.0]; p=0.016) and UKU subscore «Neurological Disorders» on 28 days of antipsychotic therapy (Me=0.0 [0.0; 0.0] vs. Me=1.0 [0.0; 3.8]; p=0.005). DRD3 rs324026 TT carriers also had lower severity of akathisia according to the BARS scale. Carriers of the T DRD4 rs1800955 allele had a higher SAS scale score on day 28 of therapy compared with CC homozygotes (Me=1.0 [0.0;4.0] vs Me=0.0 [0.0;1.0]; p=0.036). Conclusion. The DRD2 rs1800497 was a predictor of better reduction of productive symptoms; HTR2A rs6313 demonstrated a similar association. The DRD2 rs1800497 polymorphic variant was a predictor of better reduction of productive symptomatology; HTR2A rs6313 demonstrated a similar association. DRD3 rs324026 and HTR2A rs6313 were associated with a lower frequency of neurological adverse reactions and akathisia. In contrast, carriers of the DRD4 rs1800955 were more prone to adverse reactions on pharmacotherapy

System of Diagnostics of the High-Power Accelerator during Formation of Pulsed Bremsstrahlung

System of diagnostics of the high-power electron accelerator based on undisturbing methods and measuring tools of electron beam characteristics as well as amplitude-time characteristics of the pulse forming system is presented. The analysis of amplitude-time characteristics reproducibility of the electromagnetic pulse formation system, electron beam spectral characteristics and properties of bremsstrahlung in the position of test specimen under given modes of operation of the accelerator performs using developed software. Possibilities of complex diagnostics of the power accelerator electron beams acceleration regime and accelerator units are illustrated by analysis of the accelerating tube parameters