Effect of Adipose tissue-derived Stem Cells on the Control of the Blood Glucose Level in Diabetic Rats

Introduction: Mellitus Diabetes belongs to a group of metabolic diseases, which is caused due to the disturbance in insulin secretion,  destruction of beta cells, auto immune reasons, necrosis as well as insulin resistance. Stem cells therapy has recently been suggested as a treatment method of Diabetes. Since adipose tissue-derived stem cells  present wide availability, easy access, hight proliferation and less immunological rejection, the present study aimed to investigate their effect on the control of the blood glucose level. Methods: In this experimental-interventional study, adipose tissue-derived stem cells, harvested from the liposuction surgery were purified and after being counted by neubuaer lam,  were evaluated via flow cytometry in order to identify and approve the existence of stem cells. Sixteen male wistar rats weighing about 250-300 gr, induced diabetes by streptozotocin (60 mg/kg), which were divided randomly into two groups of eight. Group 1 (Diabetes control) received the normal saline treatment, and group 2 (treatment) received 1.5x106 adipose tissue-derived stem cells. In order to evaluate the improvement process, blood glucose level of rats was measured by glucometer every day for a period of 25 days after the tissues transaction. Results: The results of flow cytometry indicated high percentages of CD29 and CD90 in mesenchymal adipose tissue-derived stem cells. The blood glucose level of diabetic rats revealed a significant reduction (P < 0.001) in blood glucose level in the rats treated with derived adipose tissue-derived stem cells in comparison with the control group. Conclusion: The findings of the present study revealed a signification decrease of blood glucose level after confirmation of stem cells isolated from the adipose tissue using cell surface antigens and its injection into diabetic rats (P <0.001)