Análise da expressão diferencial de genes de raízes de Arachis stenosperma Krapov. & W.C. Gregory infectadas com o fitonematóide Meloidogyne arenaria (Neal) Chitwood raça 1.

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Desenvolvimento e utilização de variações em um único nucleotídeo para o mapeamento de marcadores âncoras e de genes candidatos em Arachis.

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Efeito do genótipo na transpiração de amendoim em resposta ao estresse hidrico.

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Transcriptome analysis in response to gradual water deficit in Arachis wild relatives.

Peanut (cultivated tetraploid Arachis hypogaea) is an important food legume widely cultivated mainly in Asia, Africa and the Americas although its productivity is limited in drought-prone areas; therefore the development of drought-resistant varieties is a priority. Peanut has a narrow genetic diversity and is reproductively isolated from its wild diploid relatives due to ploidy differences. In contrast to peanut, wild relatives have higher genetic diversity and show adaptation to a range of environments thus constituting a rich source of allele diversity for resistance to biotic and tolerance to abiotic stresses. In this study, the transcriptomes of two wild diploids, A. duranensis and A. magna, representatives of the AA and BB peanut component genomes respectively, were analyzed under gradual water deficit. Two SSH libraries produced from roots of A. magna generated 759 Sanger ESTs with 249 Unigenes, whilst from A. duranensis roots, 380,601 Roche/454 reads resulted in12,792 Unigenes. Forty-six Unigenes were selected as drought-related candidates for validation by RT-qPCR by in silico analysis of all libraries. A total of 18 candidate genes showed significantly different levels of expression in stressed plants, confirming their involvement in drought response. To date, this is the first report on global gene expression profile of wild Arachis species submitted to an abiotic stress. Data produced in this study is a valuable resource for gene identification, characterization of new alleles and development of molecular markers in Arachis

Development and Evaluation of a High Density Genotyping ‘Axiom_Arachis’ Array with 58 K SNPs for Accelerating Genetics and Breeding in Groundnut

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are the most abundant DNA sequence variation in the genomes which can be used to associate genotypic variation to the phenotype. Therefore, availability of a high-density SNP array with uniform genome coverage can advance genetic studies and breeding applications. Here we report the development of a high-density SNP array ‘Axiom_Arachis’ with 58 K SNPs and its utility in groundnut genetic diversity study. In this context, from a total of 163,782 SNPs derived from DNA resequencing and RNA-sequencing of 41 groundnut accessions and wild diploid ancestors, a total of 58,233 unique and informative SNPs were selected for developing the array. In addition to cultivated groundnuts (Arachis hypogaea), fair representation was kept for other diploids (A. duranensis, A. stenosperma, A. cardenasii, A. magna and A. batizocoi). Genotyping of the groundnut ‘Reference Set’ containing 300 genotypes identified 44,424 polymorphic SNPs and genetic diversity analysis provided in-depth insights into the genetic architecture of this material. The availability of the high-density SNP array ‘Axiom_Arachis’ with 58 K SNPs will accelerate the process of high resolution trait genetics and molecular breeding in cultivated groundnut