Reversal of Nonlocal Vortex Motion in the Regime of Strong Nonequilibrium

We investigate nonlocal vortex motion in weakly pinning a-NbGe nanostructures, which is driven by a transport current I and remotely detected as a nonlocal voltage Vnl. At high I, the measured Vnl exhibits dramatic sign reversals that at low and high temperatures T occur for opposite polarities of I. The sign of Vnl becomes independent of that of the drive current at large abs(I). These unusual effects can be nearly quantitatively explained by a novel enhancement of magnetization, arising from a nonequilibrium distribution of quasiparticles at high T, and a Nernst-like effect resulting from local electron heating at low T

Decarbonising states as owners

Environmental state debates focus on the governance and steering functions of politics. Concurrently, many states stand out as large global owners and investors in carbon industries. Via various investment vehicles, states control around half of all global oil and gas reserves as well as other carbon assets. We know very little, however, about where these states are invested; how they conduct their carbon investment; and what possibilities and constraints carbon-owning states have to decarbonise. Yet, these aspects - the geography, investment profiles and domestic state carbon capital dependence - are key to assess the possibilities and limitations of climate action states as carbon owners have. Based on new fine-grained firm-level data, we deliver conceptual and empirical insights into all three issues. Our intervention fills an important gap in our knowledge about the environmental state, while drawing the attention of researchers and policymakers to a blind spot, but also to transformation potentials of the carbon-owning state in the following decade

Nonlocal vs local vortex dynamics in the transversal flux transformer effect

In this follow-up to our recent Letter [F. Otto et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 027005 (2010)], we present a more detailed account of the superconducting transversal flux transformer effect (TFTE) in amorphous (a-)NbGe nanostructures in the regime of strong nonequilibrium in local vortex motion. Emphasis is put on the relation between the TFTE and local vortex dynamics, as the former turns out to be a reliable tool for determining the microscopic mechanisms behind the latter. By this method, a progression from electron heating at low temperatures T to the Larkin-Ovchinnikov effect close to the transition temperature Tc is traced over a range 0.26 < T/Tc < 0.95. This is represented by a number of relevant parameters such as the vortex transport entropy related to the Nernst-like effect at low T, and a nonequilibrium magnetization enhancement close to Tc. At intermediate T, the Larkin-Ovchinnikov effect is at high currents modified by electron heating, which is clearly observed only in the TFTE

DIFFERENCES IN KINEMATIC PARAMETERS OF ATHLETES OF DIFFERENT RUNNING QUALITY

The aim of the study was to determine the differences among subjects of different sprinting quality in the variables of running dynamics in the 100 m sprint event and in the variables of kinematic indicators (stride frequency, stride length, foot-ground contact duration, airborne phase duration). The research was conducted on a sample of 133 physical education teacher male students, aged 19 to 24 years (age 21.7 ± 1.08 yrs; body height 180.8 ± 6.98 cm; body mass 76.6 ± 7.62 kg), first year students at the Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb, who regularly attended their athletics classes. Basic descriptive statistical parameters were computed. Cluster analysis was used to determine sprinting-quality-based homogeneous groups of subjects. The qualitative differences among the subjects pertaining to the defined groups were established by canonical discriminant analysis. One significant discriminant function was obtained differentiating the group of students who performed well from all the other groups of students with poorer sprint performance. The best performance group demonstrated running technique characterised by the shortest foot-ground contact time in the phases of starting acceleration and maximum speed running, and a larger stride length in the phase of maximum speed running