Corresponding Author Optimized Root Production During Micropropagation of New Iranian Apple Hybrid Rootstock (AZ X M9): Effects of Fe-EDDHA and Thiamine

Abstract In vitro propagation of AZ x M9 new apple rootstock resulted of breeding program of vegetative apple rootstock in Iran was investigated. Nodal explants were inoculated in Murashige and SKoog (MS) medium supplemented with various concentrations of 6-benzylaminon purine (BAP) (0.4, 0.8 and 1.2 mg/l) alone or with naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) (0.1 mg/l). We examined the effect of different concentrations of iron sequestrene (Fe-EDDHA) and thiamin vitamin in ½ MS and Linsmaier and Skoog (LS) media supplemented with indol-3-butric acid (IBA) (1 mg/l) on rooting of attained plantlets. According to our results, 0.4 BAP + 0.1 NAA treatment in MS medium was the best component which resulted in the highest proliferation rate (6.73). As well, we estimated the highest root number in ½ MS + 0.15 g/l Fe-EDDHA + 2.4 g/l thiamin

Efficacy and safety of low-dose aspirin in polycythemia vera

BACKGROUND: The use of aspirin for the prevention of thrombotic complications in polycythemia vera is controversial. METHODS: We enrolled 518 patients with polycythemia vera, no clear indication for aspirin treatment, and no contraindication to such treatment in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial to assess the safety and efficacy of prophylaxis with low-dose aspirin (100 mg daily). The two primary end points were the cumulative rate of nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or death from cardiovascular causes and the cumulative rate of nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, pulmonary embolism, major venous thrombosis, or death from cardiovascular causes. The mean duration of follow-up was about three years. RESULTS: Treatment with aspirin, as compared with placebo, reduced the risk of the combined end point of nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or death from cardiovascular causes (relative risk, 0.41; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.15 to 1.15; P=0.09) and the risk of the combined end point of nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, pulmonary embolism, major venous thrombosis, or death from cardiovascular causes (relative risk, 0.40; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.18 to 0.91; P=0.03). Overall mortality and cardiovascular mortality were not reduced significantly. The incidence of major bleeding episodes was not significantly increased in the aspirin group (relative risk, 1.62; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.27 to 9.71). CONCLUSIONS: Low-dose aspirin can safely prevent thrombotic complications in patients with polycythemia vera who have no contraindications to such treatment