11 research outputs found

    Peripheral and placental immune responses in sheep after experimental infection with "Toxoplasma gondii" at the three terms of gestation

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    P. 1-9Although it is known that gestation could infuence the clinical course of ovine toxoplasmosis, the precise efect of the term of gestation when sheep are infected are yet mostly unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the peripheral and placental immune responses developed in pregnant sheep after experimental infection with Toxoplasma gondiiat diferent times of gestation. Thirty‑six pregnant sheep were allocated in diferent groups, orally inocu‑lated with sporulated oocysts of T. gondiiat early, mid and late gestation and culled within 30 days post‑infection. The peripheral humoral and cytokine responses were evaluated, as well as the transcription of cytokines at the placenta. Serological analysis revealed that, regardless the term of gestation when infected, specifc IgG against T. gondiiwere detected from day 8 post‑infection and there was an early peripheral release of IFN‑γ at the frst week post‑infection followed by a short peak of IL10 and TNF‑α at the second week post‑infection. There were no signifcant diferences in this response between infected groups. At the placenta, a similar increase in transcription of IFN‑γ, and TNF‑α was found at the three terms of gestation, while IL‑4 increased mainly at the frst and second terms and IL‑10 transcription was higher at the last term. While these fndings show that both Th1 and Th2 cytokines play a key role in the patho‑genesis of ovine toxoplasmosis and that placental and peripheral immune responses do not closely correlate, there seems to be no clear modulation of these responses along the gestation.S

    Manifestaciones extranodales del linfoma. Diseminación renal y apendicular

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    Estimados Editores: La diseminación extranodal del linfoma afecta a menudo al sistema genitourinario, siendo la segunda localización más frecuente después de los órganos hematopoyéticos y reticuloendoteliales. Los riñones son los mayormente afectados.[1] [2] [3] El linfoma renal se produce, en su gran mayoría, por un compromiso secundario, mientras que el primario solo supone un 1% de los linfomas extraganglionares.[3] Si bien destaca en frecuencia el linfoma gastrointestinal como manifestación extranodal, la implicación apendicular es rara.[4] [5] El objetivo de la presentación de este caso es repasar las posibles presentaciones radiológicas en tomografía computarizada (TC) de las diseminaciones mencionadas, ya que, mientras en la autopsia la afección renal por linfoma oscila entre el 30% y el 60% de los pacientes, la visualización en TC es del 3% al 8% y la afección apendicular es aún más infrecuente.[1] [2] [3] [5] Presentamos el caso de un varón de 30 años que acudió al Servicio de Urgencias de nuestro hospital derivado por su médico de atención primaria, por la presencia de bultomas tumefactos y dolorosos a la palpación, localizados en el cuero cabelludo de un mes de evolución, predominando en zona parietal, temporal y occipital. Asociaba cefalea de características inespecíficas y astenia. Desde hacía dos semanas presentaba nódulos cervicales que impresionaban adenopatías preauriculares, retroauriculares y submandibulares. No presentaba fiebre ni sudoración nocturna..

    Neospora caninum infection during early pregnancy in cattle: Influence of the isolate on abortion timing and immune responses

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    The pathogenesis of abortion caused by Neospora caninum is complex, and different factors determine the outcome of infection, including gestation duration and foetal immunocompetence. Studies focused on the potential influence of the specific N. caninum isolate on abortion are very limited. In this work, we investigated the role of N. caninum intra-species diversity on the abortion outcome in cattle. Cows were intravenously inoculated at day 70 of pregnancy with 107 tachyzoites of two isolates that show marked differences in virulence in vitro and in mouse models: Nc-Spain7 (group 1, n=6), a high virulence isolate, and Nc-Spain8 (group 2, n=6), a low-to-moderate virulence isolate. Control cows (n=5) were inoculated with Marc-145 host cells. After inoculation, pregnancy was monitored, and dams were culled when foetal death was detected. Abortion occurred in all infected cows between days 24 and 49 post-infection; however, abortion occurred sooner in group 1 (median abortion day= 34) than in group 2 (median abortion day= 41). Similar histological lesions were found in all placentas (cotyledons and caruncles) and in most of the foetuses from the two infected groups. However, parasites were more frequently detected in the placenta and foetal tissues by PCR and in the brain by immunohistochemistry in group 1. Specific antibodies were detected from day 15 p.i. in all infected cattle, with a trend towards higher IgG levels in group 1. Differences in the IFN-γ and IL-4 secretion profiles were also found between infected groups in the lymphostimulation assays. Both infected groups showed significant increases in the levels of cytokine mRNAs (IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-10, IL-12p40 and TNF-α) produced in the placenta, and higher levels were found in the caruncles than in the cotyledons. Differences were also found between the infected groups: the IFN-γ levels were significantly increased in the caruncles of group 1, whereas higher IL-10 levels were detected for group 2.Peer reviewe

    Neospora caninum experimental infection in pregnant sheep as a model for exogenous transplacental transmission for ruminant neosporosis

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    1 página.-- Trabajo presentado al 2nd International Meeting on Apicomplexan Parasites in Farm Animals (Kusadasi, Turquía, 31 octubre-2 noviembre, 2013).The availability of well-defined ruminant models of infection is one key factor for studying the pathogenesis and to evaluate vaccine candidates and therapeutics in bovine neosporosis. Although laboratory (mice) models have been broadly employed, due to the evident differences between mice and ruminants, results obtained could not be always extrapolated to cattle. Sheep has several advantages over cattle as an experimental animal model including size, length of gestation and cost. Furthermore, recently the awareness and importance of Neospora caninum as an abortifacient in small ruminants has increased. The aim of this work was to investigate experimental infection by N. caninum in pregnant sheep as a valid model for exogenous transplacental transmission for ruminant neosporosis. Thus, pregnant ewes were intravenously inoculated at days 40, 90 and 120 of gestation, with 106 tachyzoites of Nc-Spain7 isolate. Infection during first and second third of gestation resulted in abortion of all foetuses, although it happened earlier at day 40 (19-21 days post-infection) than at day 90 (34-48 days post-infection). Lambs born from ewes infected during the third gestation period were all viable, although some of them were very weak. Placentas and foetuses from all infected ewes showed histological lesions characteristic of neosporosis. In the foetuses, lesions were found mainly in liver and lung while they become more frequent in brain and skeletal muscle as the pregnancy advanced. In general, lesions were mainly necrotic in foetal samples from ewes infected in the first trimester and showed more conspicuous infiltration of inflammatory cells on those infected in the second and last trimester. The results obtained so far show that the infection had a similar outcome in experimentally inoculated sheep to that described in natural bovine or ovine neosporosis.Peer Reviewe

    Systemic and local immune responses in ewes after Neospora caninum experimental infection in the three periods of gestation

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    Trabajo presentado al: ApiCOWplexa 2015 3rd lnternational Meeting on Apicomplexan Parasites in Farm Animals. (Edinburgh, Escocia, Reino Unido, 30 junio-3 julio 2015).Peer Reviewe
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