Effects of Narrative Video Script Advance Organizer Strategies Used to Introduce Video in the Foreign Language Classroom

This study compared participant comprehension of content in foreign language videos using 2 different advance organizer (AO) strategies. The students were 50 college students enrolled in 3 sections of an intermediate-level Spanish course at the United States Air Force Academy. In the collaborative group reading condition (AOg), students read a target language narrative video script aloud in small groups. Students then watched the video corresponding to the script they had read and took a 10-question English only multiple choice test. In the quiet individual reading condition (AOq), students read the same narrative video script quietly before watching the same video and taking the same test. In the control group condition, students did not have access to the narrative video script AO before watching the same video and taking the same test. Over the 3 day study, all students participated in each of the 3 conditions. Results indicated that student scores were slightly better in the AOg condition than in the AOq condition. Student scores were significantly higher in the AOg and AOq conditions, when compared to control group scores. The researcher concluded that the narrative video script AO strategies utilized in this study increased target language video comprehension in participants, particularly when used in a collaborative group reading environment

Annulus fibrosus microstructure: an explanation to local heterogeneities

International audienceAnnulus fibrosus (AF) is the outer tissue ofintervertebral discs (IVD). Its peculiarmicrostructure and biphasic composition define byan oriented fibre network embedded in a highlyhydrated matrix (60−70%) is usually assimilated toporous composite material. It confers to AF a nonlinear,viscous and anisotropic behaviour.Many experimental and numerical studiesunderlined the anisotropic and non-linearmechanical behaviours on averaged values[Ambard and Cherblanc, 2009; Malandrino et al,2011] but fail to represent the experimental strainheterogeneities [Baldit et al, 2013a; Michalek et al,2010], that would be related to the microstructureand the biphasic constitution. On the other hand,characterization rarely relies on volumic behaviorbut it’s relevant when models deal with soft porousmedia [Baldit et al, 2013b].This work aims to couple a poro-hyper-elasticmodel identification with homogenized anddiscretized geometries highlighting modelsensitivity and limits regarding experimentaltransverse strains measurements