Topology of "white" stars in relativistic fragmentation of light nuclei

In the present paper, experimental observations of the multifragmentation processes of light relativistic nuclei carried out by means of emulsions are reviewed. Events of the type of "white" stars in which the dissociation of relativistic nuclei is not accompanied by the production of mesons and the target-nucleus fragments are considered. A distinctive feature of the charge topology in the dissociation of the Ne, Mg, Si, and S nuclei is an almost total suppression of the binary splitting of nuclei to fragments with charges higher than 2. The growth of the nuclear fragmentation degree is revealed in an increase in the multiplicity of singly and doubly charged fragments with decreasing charge of the non-excited part of the fragmenting nucleus. The processes of dissociation of stable Li, Be, B, C, N, and O isotopes to charged fragments were used to study special features of the formation of systems consisting of the lightest $\alpha$, d, and t nuclei. Clustering in form of the $^3$He nucleus can be detected in "white" stars via the dissociation of neutron-deficient Be, B, C, and N isotopes.Comment: 20 pages, 3 figures, 9 tables, conference: Conference on Physics of Fundamental Interactions, Moscow, Russia, 1-5 Mar 2004.(Author's translation

Concentration of Certain Trace Elements in the Soils of Dagestan Lowlands and Its Medical and Ecological Significance

Neurological and endocrine diseases, being widespread and producing significant impact on peopleʼs health as well as increasing the risk of disability of the working population (thus burdening the state budget), remain a most important medical and economic problem today. The study aimed to establish a link between these pathologies and the content of trace elements (cobalt, copper, zinc and manganese) in the soils of Dagestan plains. The concentration of active forms of cobalt, copper, zinc and manganese in the soil was established using the atomic absorption spectrophotometer model 170-70 (Hitachi, Japan) at the Biogeochemistry Laboratory of the Caspian Institute of Biological Resources, Dagestan Federal Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences. To determine the morbidity rate in the population, we turned to the data of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Dagestan. The study revealed that the relevant pathologies in Dagestanʼs population, leading to disability, are caused by the trace element composition of the soil. Having compared the data on the content of cobalt, copper, zinc and manganese in the soils of the republicʼs lowland districts (Kizilyurt, Khasavyurt, Babayurt) and the prevalence of endocrine and neurological pathologies, we found a high correlation. The number of patients was in direct proportion to the content of manganese and in inverse proportion to the content of cobalt, copper and zinc. However, in Kizlyar District endocrine pathologies only correlated with zinc in the soil, which, apparently, can be explained by the local diet, fish products playing an important role, and by the fact that the territory is often flooded with coastal waters, changing the elementsʼ concentration in the soil.</jats:p

Differentiation of the patient flow during the pandemic

Coronavirus infection is a novel disease that humanity faced at the end of 2019; it claimed a large number of lives and caused irreparable harm to the health of a large number of people. This article discusses a way to differentiate the patient flow during the pandemic, as well as various measures taken by states to combat the COVID-19 pandemic.</jats:p

Content of microelements in water sources

The article provides analytical information about the role of trace elements in the water sources of Dagestan for the human body. Trace elements entering the human body with drinking water are catalysts for biochemical processes involved in metabolic species and play an important role in the adaptation of the body both in normal and in pathological conditions. Trace elements, widely represented in biosphere objects, in particular in water sources, can rarely be found in humans, and vice versa. Determination of the content of microelements in drinking water can make it possible to diagnose and prevent the development of various human diseases associated with their imbalance.В статье приведены аналитические сведения о роли микроэлементов в водоисточниках Дагестана для организма человека. Микроэлементы, поступая в организм человека с питьевой водой, являются катализаторами биохимических процессов, участвующих во обменных видах и играют важную роль в адаптации организма как в норме, так и при патологических состояниях. Микроэлементы, представленные широко в объектах биосферы, в частности в водоисточниках, могут редко встречаться у человека, и наоборот. Определение содержания микроэлементов в питьевых водах может позволить диагностировать и предупреждать развитие тех или иных заболеваний человека, связанная с их дисбалансом