Neutron diffraction, magnetization and ESR studies of pseudocubic Nd(0.75)Ba(0.25)MnO3 and its unusual critical behavior above Tc

Results of structural neutron diffraction study, magnetization and ESR measure-ments are presented for insulating Nd0.75Ba0.25MnO3, Tc = 129 K. The crystal structure is refined in the range 4.2-300 K. The compound is found to exhibit the Jahn-Teller (JT) transition at 250 K. The field cooled (FC) magnetization data are in a reasonable agreement with the predictions for a 3D isotropic ferromagnet above Tc. However, these measurements reveal a difference between the FC and zero FC data in the paramagnetic region. ESR results are also in a correspondence with behavior of a cubic ferromagnet above T* = 143 K. It is shown that an anisotropic exchange coupling of the Mn and Nd magnetic moments can give a substantial contribution in ESR linewidth masking its critical enhan-cement. The different temperature treatments of the sample reveal a temperature hysteresis of the ESR spectra below T* indicating an anomalous response in the paramagnetic region. The study of phase transition in this manganite suggests change in its character from the second to first order at T*. The conventional free energy including the magnetization and magnetic field is not found to describe the first order transition. This suggests that the charge, orbital and JT phonon degrees of freedom, in addition to magnetization, may be the critical variables, the unusual character of the transition being determined by their coupling. Unconventional critical behavior is attributed to orbital liquid metallic phase that coexists with the initial orbital ordered phase below T*.Comment: 18 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.

Giant oscillations of energy levels in mesoscopic superconductors

The interplay of geometrical and Andreev quantization in mesoscopic superconductors leads to giant mesoscopic oscillations of energy levels as functions of the Fermi momentum and/or sample size. Quantization rules are formulated for closed quasiparticle trajectories in the presence of normal scattering at the sample boundaries. Two generic examples of mesoscopic systems are studied: (i) one dimensional Andreev states in a quantum box, (ii) a single vortex in a mesoscopic cylinder.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

Local density of states around single vortices and vortex pairs: effect of boundaries and hybridization of vortex core states

The profiles of local density of states (LDOS) around different vortex configurations in mesoscopic superconductors are studied taking account of the interference of quasiparticle waves experiencing Andreev reflection within the vortex cores and normal reflection at the boundaries or defects. For subgap energy levels these interference effects reveal themselves in a nontrivial dependence of the positions of the LDOS peaks on the intervortex distance and sample size: the peak positions generally do not coincide with the superconducting phase singularity points. The LDOS profiles are calculated for three generic examples: (i) vortex-vortex pair; (ii) vortex positioned near a flat boundary; (iii) vortex positioned in the center of a superconducting disk. The resulting evolution of the Andreev interference patterns could be observable by scanning tunneling spectroscopy techniques.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figure

Curvature invariants of static spherically symmetric geometries

We construct all independent local scalar monomials in the Riemann tensor at arbitrary dimension, for the special regime of static, spherically symmetric geometries. Compared to general spaces, their number is significantly reduced: the extreme example is the collapse of all invariants ~ Weyl^k, to a single term at each k. The latter is equivalent to the Lovelock invariant L_k. Depopulation is less extreme for invariants involving rising numbers of Ricci tensors, and also depends on the dimension. The corresponding local gravitational actions and their solution spaces are discussed.Comment: 14 page