Impact of Covid-19 on Mental Health among Healthcare Workers in India: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review

Healthcare workers (HCWs) experienced significant mental health challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic. This review aimed comprehensively assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of HCWs in India. A mixed-methods review adopted a results-based convergent approach incorporating quantitative and qualitative data. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in relevant databases: PubMed-MEDLINE, CINAHL, Web of Science, and ProQuest. All available full-text studies in the English language that assessed the mental health outcomes (anxiety, stress, depression) of HCWs during the pandemic and published till February 28, 2022, were included. A total of 31 studies were included in this review (27 quantitative studies, three qualitative studies, and one mixed-method study). The pooled prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress was 32.96%, 29.49%, and 33.47 %, respectively among the HCWs in India. The qualitative analysis resulted in the themes: challenges faced, and coping strategies used during the COVID-19 pandemic. Integration of quantitative and qualitative findings using social determinants of health framework resulted in various contributing factors and coping strategies. There is a need for a supportive work environment, mental health support, and mental health policies for HCWs in India