Glomus eburneum and Scutellospora fulgida, species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomeromycota) new for Europe

Morphological characters of spores and mycorrhizae of Glomus eburneum and spores of Scutellospora fulgida, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of the phylum Glomeromycota, are described and illustrated. Additionally, the known distribution of these species in both Poland and other regions of the world is presented. Both species were not earlier reported from Europe

Ambispora gerdemannii and Glomus badium, two species of arbuscular fungi (Glomeromycota) new for Europe and Poland, respectively

Morphological characters of spores, as well as sporocarps and spores of Ambispora gerdemannii and Glomus badium, respectively, arbuscular fungi of the phylum Glomeromycota, are described and illustrated. Additionally, the known distribution of these species in both Poland and the other regions of the world is presented. Ambispora gerdemannii was not earlier reported from Europe, and G. badium is a new fungus for Poland

The occurrence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of the phylum Glomeromycota in Israeli soils

In December 1997 and June-July 2000, 49 and 113 rhizosphere soil and root mixtures were collected, respectively, to determine the occurrence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) of the phylum Glomeromycota in different sites of Israel. Except for five samples taken from under cultivated plants, all the others came from under Ammophila arenaria and Oenothera drummondii colonizing sand dunes adjacent to the Mediterranean Sea. After a continuous cultivation of the mixtures in pot trap cultures with Plantago lanceolata as the plant host up to 2006 and their examination at least twice a year, spores of AMF were found in 41 and 103 cultures with the 1997 and 2000 soil and root mixtures, respectively. The spores represented 30 species and 8 undescribed morphotypes in 7 genera of the Glomeromycota. The AMF most frequently found in Israeli soils were Glomus aurantium and G. constrictum, followed by G. coronatum, G. gibbosum, an undescribed Glomus 178, and Scutellospora dipurpurescens. Up to 2001, 21 species of AMF were known to occur in Israel, and this paper increases this number to 33, of which 11 are new fungi for this country. Moreover, four species, G. aurantium, G. drummondii, G. walkeri and G. xanthium, were recently described as new for science based on spores isolated from Israeli soils. Additionally, the general distribution in the world of the formally described species found in Israel was presented

Acaulospora scrobiculata and Glomus versiforme (Glomeromycota) newly and second time, respectively, found in Poland

Morphological properties of spores and mycorrhizae of Acaulospora scrobiculata and Glomus versiforme, arbuscular fungi of the phylum Glomeromycom, were described and illustrated. The two species were revealed in trap cultures containing root-rhizosphere mixlures of plants colonizing maritime dunes of the Baltic Sea located in north-western Poland and then propagated in one-species cultures to characterize properties of their mycorrhizae. Acaulospona scrobiculata had not previously been found in Poland, and the only earlier finding of Gl. versiforme in this country comes from the year 1912. The known distribution of the two fungal species in the world is also presented

From Professionals to Experts: the Transformations of the Specialist Professions

Przedmiotem artykułu są przekształcenia zachodzące w obszarze profesjonalizmu oraz procesy społeczne będące przyczynami tych przeobrażeń. Zostały one zrekonstruowane na podstawie przeglądu literatury przedmiotu rozwijającej się na Zachodzie od lat osiemdziesiątych ubiegłego wieku. Celem artykułu jest uporządkowanie podstawowych wątków dyskusji wokół tego obszaru oraz wprowadzenie ich na grunt polski. Zidentyfikowane przez autorki złożone procesy społeczne prowadzą do zaniku profesjonalizmu opartego na zaufaniu publicznym i wykształcenia się profesjonalizmu odwołującego się przede wszystkim do wiedzy eksperckiej. Współczesny profesjonalizm wymyka się dotychczas stosowanym kategoriom opisu. Autorki wskazują na wewnętrzne zróżnicowanie przedstawicieli zawodów specjalistycznych i wyróżniają kategorie „eksperta” i „nowego profesjonalisty”. Przemiany zachodzące w obszarze profesjonalizmu zostały zilustrowane przykładem ewaluacji jako nowego zawodu specjalistycznego.The article addresses the transformations of professions and their social causes. These causes have been revealed on the basis of relevant literature published since the 1980s. The aim of the article is a systematization of the main threads of discussion and its introduction into the Polish context. The complex processes, identified by the authors, lead to the disappearance of a public trust professionalism and to the emergence of an expert knowledge professionalism. The contemporary professionalism can hardly be described in the categories that have been used until now. The authors indicate the internal differentiation of the specialist professions and distinguish the categories of an “expert” and a “new professional”. The transformations in the sphere of professionalism have been illustrated by the case of evaluation as a new specialist profession

Erysiphales and their hyperparasite, Ampelomyces quisqualis, of the Drawsko Landscape Park, Poland

Results of 3-year investigations of the occurrence of fungi of the order Erysiphales and their hyperparasite, Ampelomyces quisqualis in the Drawsko Landscape Park (N-Poland) are presented. Among the fungi found, 26 species belonging to 7 genera were identified. Many of the causal agents of the powdery mildews revealed were previously rarely found in Poland. Microsphaera vanbruntiana var. sambuci-racemosae parasitizing Sombucus nigra is a fungus new to the Mycota of Poland. Ampelomyces quisqualis was found associated with Mirosphaera symphoricarpi colonizing Symphoricarpos albus and with Sphaerotheca mors-uvae parasitizing Ribes nigrum; these powdery mildew fungi are fungal hosts of A. qulsqualis not recorded in the literature to date