Safety assessment of pedestrian crossing solutions

Referat przedstawia wstępne rezultaty projektu Mobis, którego celem jest opracowanie metody oceny bezpieczeństwa ruchu na przejściach dla pieszych przy pomocy analizy obrazu wideo. Na wybranym przejściu dla pieszych w Warszawie ruch pieszych i pojazdów był rejestrowany przez 2 miesiące, przed i po instalacji urządzeń zwiększających bezpieczeństwo, czyli oznakowania aktywnego i progów zwalniających. Przy pomocy analizy obrazu dokonano pomiarów prędkości pojazdów oraz wstępnej identyfikacji konfliktów ruchowych pieszy-pojazd. Wyniki wskazują, że zarówno system oznakowania aktywnego sygnalizujący obecność pieszych SignFlash, jak i progi zwalniające powodują zmniejszenie średnich prędkości ruchu pojazdów oraz korzystnie wpływają na zachowanie kierowców.Paper presents preliminary findings from the research project Mobis which is aimed at developing a method of assessing safety of pedestrian road crossings by using video image analysis. Pedestrian and vehicle traffic has been recorded at a selected crossing site in Warsaw for 2 months, before and after installation of safety measures which included active signage and speed humps. Speeds of approaching vehicles were measured and vehicle-pedestrian conflict situations identified by using video analysis. Results indicate that both SignFlash active signage and speed humps reduce mean vehicle speed and have a positive impact on drivers’ behaviour

Innovative solutions for improving safety at pedestrian crossings

Many pedestrians in Poland are killed or injured while crossing the road. This paper gives an overview of innovative solutions aimed at improving safety of pedestrian crossings: automatic pedestrian detection, dynamic traffic signs and better lighting systems. Among the pedestrian detection systems, video technology with image analysis seems to be the most promising solution for the future – its problems, recent developments and advantages are presented. Pedestrian detectors are already utilized by dynamic traffic signs which include pulsating lights mounted on “pedestrian crossing” signs, activated when pedestrians waiting to cross are detected

Ocena skuteczności oznakowania aktywnego na przejściach dla pieszych

The paper presents findings from research project Mobis which is aimed at developing a method of assessing safety of unsignalised pedestrian road crossings using video image analysis. Pedestrian and vehicle traffic has been recorded at selected zebra crossing sites in Warsaw and Wrocław, before and after installation of active signage systems SignFlash and Levelite. Speeds of approaching vehicles were measured and drivers’ behaviour was classified using video analysis. The paper presents a comparison of effectiveness of systems such as SignFlash and Levelite based on changes in the mean and standard deviation of vehicle spot speeds as well as changes in speed profiles of vehicles approaching the crossings. Results indicate that both SignFlash and Levelite active signage reduce mean vehicle approach speeds and have a positive impact on drivers’ behaviour.Celem referatu jest przedstawienie wyników oceny skuteczności zastosowania aktywnego oznakowania na przejściach dla pieszych. Artykuł prezentuje częściowe rezultaty projektu MOBIS (finansowanego przez Narodowe Centrum Badań i Rozwoju), który ma na celu opracowanie metody oceny bezpieczeństwa ruchu na przejściach dla pieszych bez sygnalizacji przy pomocy analizy obrazu wideo. Na wybranych przejściach dla pieszych w Warszawie i we Wrocławiu ruch pieszych i pojazdów był rejestrowany przed i po instalacji oznakowania aktywnego SignFlash i Levelite, które to systemy sygnalizują obecność pieszych na przejściu. Przy pomocy analizy obrazu dokonano pomiarów prędkości pojazdów zbliżających się do przejścia oraz klasyfikacji zachowań kierowców pojazdów. Sklasyfikowano 4 rodzaje możliwych sytuacji: pojazd przejeżdża tuż przed pieszym, który jest w tym momencie na przejściu dla pieszych (A1); pojazd przejeżdża przed pieszym, który jest w tym momencie na chodniku (A2); pojazd przejeżdża tuż za pieszym; który jest w tym momencie na przejściu dla pieszych (B); kierowca widząc pieszego zwalnia lub zatrzymuje się przed przejściem (C)

Bioinformatic prediction of putative conveyers of O-GlcNAc Transferase intellectual disability

Protein O-GlcNAcylation is a dynamic posttranslational modification that is catalyzed by the enzyme O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and is essential for neurodevelopment and postnatal neuronal function. Missense mutations in OGT segregate with a novel X-linked intellectual disability syndrome, the OGT congenital disorder of glycosylation (OGT-CDG). One hypothesis for the etiology of OGT-CDG is that loss of OGT activity leads to hypo-O-GlcNAcylation of as yet unidentified, specific neuronal proteins, affecting essential embryonic, and postnatal neurodevelopmental processes; however, the identity of these O-GlcNAcylated proteins is not known. Here, we used bioinformatic techniques to integrate sequence conservation, structural data, clinical data, and the available literature to identify 22 candidate proteins that convey OGT-CDG. We found using gene ontology and PANTHER database data that these candidate proteins are involved in diverse processes including Ras/MAPK signaling, translational repression, cytoskeletal dynamics, and chromatin remodeling. We also identify pathogenic missense variants at O-GlcNAcylation sites that segregate with intellectual disability. This work establishes a preliminary platform for the mechanistic dissection of the links between protein O-GlcNAcylation and neurodevelopment in OGT-CDG

The Canadian Liquefaction Experiment - An Overview

Abstract: The Canadian geotechnical engineering community has completed a major collaborative 5 year research project entitled the Canadian Liquefaction Experiment (CANLEX). The main objective of the project was to study the phenomenon of soil liquefaction, which can occur in saturated sandy soils and is characterized by a large loss of strength or stiffness resulting in substantial deformations. In many areas of Canada, large structures are constructed on or comprise sandy soils, e.g., some major hydroelectricity earth dams and many tailings impoundments in the mining industry. The behaviour of loose sandy soils can be difficult to predict, but can have a significant financial impact on these types of engineering structures. Consequently, the intent of the CANLEX project was to improve the overall understanding of soil liquefaction. This paper provides an overview of the CANLEX project, outlining the project objectives, major achievements, and conclusions. Four companion papers describe different aspects of the project; thus, together, the five papers provide a summary of the CANLEX project

The Canadian Liquefaction Experiment: an overview

The Canadian geotechnical engineering community has completed a major collaborative 5 year research project entitled the Canadian Liquefaction Experiment (CANLEX). The main objective of the project was to study the phenomenon of soil liquefaction, which can occur in saturated sandy soils and is characterized by a large loss of strength or stiffness resulting in substantial deformations. In many areas of Canada, large structures are constructed on or comprise sandy soils, e.g., some major hydroelectricity earth dams and many tailings impoundments in the mining industry. The behaviour of loose sandy soils can be difficult to predict, but can have a significant financial impact on these types of engineering structures. Consequently, the intent of the CANLEX project was to improve the overall understanding of soil liquefaction. This paper provides an overview of the CANLEX project, outlining the project objectives, major achievements, and conclusions. Four companion papers describe different aspects of the project; thus, together, the five papers provide a summary of the CANLEX project.Key words: geotechnical, liquefaction, CANLEX, collaborative project. </jats:p

The CANLEX Project - Summary and Conclusions

Abstract: The Canadian geotechnical engineering community has completed a major collaborative 5 year research project entitled the Canadian Liquefaction Experiment (CANLEX). The main objective of the project was to study the phenomenon of soil liquefaction, which can occur in saturated sandy soils and is characterized by a large loss of strength or stiffness resulting in substantial deformations. The intent of this paper is to compare, interpret, and summarize the large amount of field and laboratory data obtained for six sites in Western Canada as part of the CANLEX project. The sites are compared in terms of both flow-liquefaction and cyclic-softening considerations. The paper presents a number of conclusions drawn from the project as a whole, in terms of both fundamental and practical significance