3 research outputs found
Nitric oxide production by Peromyscus yucatanicus (Rodentia) infected with Leishmania (Leishmania) mexicana
- Author
- Aguilar-Torrentera F
- Aguilar-Torrentera F
- Alvar J
- Andrade-Narváez FJ
- Andrade-Narváez FJ
- Andrade-Narváez FJ
- Arjona-Villicaña RD
- Baneth G
- Bogdan C
- Bretscher PA
- Canto-Lara SB
- Canto-Lara SB
- Chable-Santos JB
- Colomba C
- Doherty TM
- Dumonteil E
- Elsy Nalleli Loría-Cervera
- Erika Ivett Sosa-Bibiano
- Fagundes A
- Fang FC
- Fernando José Andrade-Narváez
- González HA
- Guénet JL
- Holzmuller P
- José Luis Batún-Cutz
- Kerr S
- Lang T
- Lemesre JL
- Liliana Estefanía Villanueva-Lizama
- Locksley R
- Menon JN
- Nicole Raymonde Van Wynsberghe
- Pinheiro RO
- Preston PM
- Rogers K
- Roque AL
- Sacks D
- Seidelin H
- Silvia Beatriz Canto-Lara
- Sosa-Bibiano EI
- Stenger S
- Trinchieri G
- Van Wynsberghe NR
- Van Wynsberghe NR
- Publication venue
- 'FapUNIFESP (SciELO)'
- Publication date
- Field of study
Risk of COVID-19 after natural infection or vaccinationResearch in context
- Author
- A. Lina Rosengren
- Abram Burgher
- Adam B. Brosz
- Adam Rosen
- Adam Schwartz
- Adriana Sordo Duran
- Adrienna Marquez
- Adrienne E. Shapiro
- Aeiress Duhart
- Afsoon Roberts
- Albert Liu
- Alejandro Hoberman
- Alejandro Quintín Barrat Hernández
- Alex Greninger
- Alexander Clark
- Alfredo Gilberto Guerreros Benavides
- Alice McGarry
- Alicia Arrazcaeta
- Alisha Lutat
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- Allie Oplinger
- Allison Green
- Allison O'Brien
- Alpa Patel
- Alyssa-Kay Peay
- Amanda Horn
- Amanda Lilienthal
- Amanda Occhino
- Amanda Philyaw
- Amaran Moodley
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- Amber Stanford
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- Amie Shannon
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- Amit Paliwal
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- Steven Shoptaw
- Steven Sperber
- Stuart H. Cohen
- Surisday Mederos
- Susan Jeanfreau
- Susan Kline
- Susan L. Koletar
- Susan Parker
- Susanne Doblecki-Lewis
- Suzanna Studdard
- Suzanne Fiorillo
- Suzanne Gharib
- Suzanne Swan
- Sybil G. Hosek
- Szheckera Fearon
- Tamara Richards
- Tambra Dora
- Tameika Scott
- Tami Wahlin
- Tammi L. Shlotzhauer
- Tana Bourgeois
- Tanya Hutchins
- Taryn Petty
- Tatiana Beresnev
- Tavane Harrison
- Taylor Nelson
- Teletha Gipson
- Teresa A. Batteiger
- Teresa Becker
- Teresa Deese
- Teresa S. Sligh
- Teri Thompson-Seim
- Terri Moye
- Terry D. Klein
- Terry L. Poling
- Terry Piedra
- Theresa Hegmann
- Thomas B. Campbell
- Thomas C. Klein
- Thomas C.S. Martin
- Thomas Mellman
- Thomas Patterson
- Thomas Weiss
- Tiffany Esinhart
- Tiffany Nemecek
- Tiffany Schwasinger-Schmidt
- Tilly Varughese
- Timothy J. Hatlen
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- Timothy Shope
- Timothy W. Schacker
- Timothy Wilkin
- Tina Tong
- Tina Wang
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- Todd Simmons
- Tom Fiel
- Toni Robinson
- Toni White
- Tracy Okonya
- Tracy R. Klein
- Trina L. Reynolds
- Troy Holdeman
- Tyler D. Bold
- Uriel R. Felsen
- Valentine M. Ebuh
- Valeria D. Cantos
- Valerie K. Arnold
- Vanessa Abad
- Vanessa Raabe
- Veronica G. Fragoso
- Veronica Garcia-Fragoso
- Veronica Procasky
- Veronica Viar
- Vicki E. Miller
- Vickie Leathers
- Victoria Andriulis
- Victoria Engler
- Victoria Mosteller
- Victoria R. Anderson
- Vida Veronica Ruiz Herrera
- Vincent Huynh
- Vincent Mirkil
- Vivek Rajasekhar
- Viviana Gonzalez
- Vladimir Berthaud
- Walter Patton
- Wanda Ramon
- Waseem Chughtai
- Wayne L. Harper
- Wayne Woo
- Wendell Lewis
- Wendell Lewis III
- Wendy A. Keitel
- Wesley Campbell
- Wesley Van Ever
- Westly Keating
- Whitney West
- Will Hernandez
- William B. Davis
- William B. Smith
- William H. Jones
- William Jennings
- William Kirby
- William P. Silver
- William R. Hartman
- William S. Davis Jr.
- William Schnitz
- William Seger
- Winniberg Stephany Alvarez León
- Winston Cavert
- Xiaomi Tong
- Yaa D. Oppong
- Yi H. Wu
- Ying Huang
- Yogesh K. Paliwal
- Youyi Fong
- Yunda Huang
- Yunda Huang
- Yvonne Davis
- Zachary Bittner
- Zainab Rizvi
- Zindy Yazmín Zárate Hinojosa
- Zudi-Mwak Takizala
- Publication venue
- Elsevier
- Publication date
- 01/10/2023
- Field of study
Summary: Background: While vaccines have established utility against COVID-19, phase 3 efficacy studies have generally not comprehensively evaluated protection provided by previous infection or hybrid immunity (previous infection plus vaccination). Individual patient data from US government-supported harmonized vaccine trials provide an unprecedented sample population to address this issue. We characterized the protective efficacy of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection and hybrid immunity against COVID-19 early in the pandemic over three-to six-month follow-up and compared with vaccine-associated protection. Methods: In this post-hoc cross-protocol analysis of the Moderna, AstraZeneca, Janssen, and Novavax COVID-19 vaccine clinical trials, we allocated participants into four groups based on previous-infection status at enrolment and treatment: no previous infection/placebo; previous infection/placebo; no previous infection/vaccine; and previous infection/vaccine. The main outcome was RT-PCR-confirmed COVID-19 >7–15 days (per original protocols) after final study injection. We calculated crude and adjusted efficacy measures. Findings: Previous infection/placebo participants had a 92% decreased risk of future COVID-19 compared to no previous infection/placebo participants (overall hazard ratio [HR] ratio: 0.08; 95% CI: 0.05–0.13). Among single-dose Janssen participants, hybrid immunity conferred greater protection than vaccine alone (HR: 0.03; 95% CI: 0.01–0.10). Too few infections were observed to draw statistical inferences comparing hybrid immunity to vaccine alone for other trials. Vaccination, previous infection, and hybrid immunity all provided near-complete protection against severe disease. Interpretation: Previous infection, any hybrid immunity, and two-dose vaccination all provided substantial protection against symptomatic and severe COVID-19 through the early Delta period. Thus, as a surrogate for natural infection, vaccination remains the safest approach to protection. Funding: National Institutes of Health
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Risk of COVID-19 after natural infection or vaccinationResearch in context
- Author
- Abad Vanessa
- Abate Getahun
- Abbas Anum
- Ackerman Jamie
- Ackerman Ronald
- Ackermann Jeremy
- Adams Atoya
- Adams Mark S.
- Adams Michael R.
- Adelglass Jeffrey
- Afework Sarah
- Ahmad Nina
- Akamine Christine
- Ake Julie A.
- Al-Ibrahim Mohamed S.
- Albert Gary
- Alcaide Maria L.
- Alderson Nathan
- Aleman Lily
- Alemán José O.
- Allaw Mohammed
- Alva E. Javier Pretell
- Alvarado Hilario
- Amador Carmen
- Andersen James
- Anderson Corey G.
- Anderson Evan J.
- Anderson Victoria R.
- Andes David R.
- Andrasik Michele P.
- Andree Stephanie
- Andrews Jeb
- Andriesen Jessica G.
- Andriulis Victoria
- Ansel Jessica L.
- Anthony Codi M.
- Antwi Mohammed
- Arduino Roberto C.
- Aristy Florida
- Arnold Valerie K.
- Arrazcaeta Alicia
- Atmar Robert L.
- Avworo Ayoade
- Bacher Christina
- Baden Lindsey R.
- Badillo Diana
- Bainbridge Emma
- Baka Michele
- Baker Sherrie
- Balani Bindu
- Ball Brandy
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- Bartilucci Darlene
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- Rutstein Sarah E.
- Rybak Natasha
- Sadoff Jerald
- Saemann Michelle
- Safirstein Beth
- Saldaña Eduardo Gabriel Vázquez
- Saleem Nafisa
- Saleh Jamshid
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- Salzl Amy
- Sample Denise
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- Sheth Neil P.
- Shinn Steven
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- Singletary Justin
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- Smith Derek M.
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- Spector Stephen A.
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- Sugimoto Danny
- Suyehira Janice
- Swaminathan Shobha
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- Syndergaard Scott N.
- Takizala Zudi-Mwak
- Takuva Simbarashe G.
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- Tarakjian Denis
- Tashima Karen
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- Thessing Jeffrey
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- Utz Gregory C.
- Vachris Timothy P.
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- Valika Insiya
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- Varughese Tilly
- Vega Jocelyn Zuleica Olmos
- Vega Norma
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- Vertucci Michele
- Viar Veronica
- Viens Nicholas A.
- Villegas Marysol
- Vingerhoets Johan
- Vogler Mary
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- Vrbicky Keith W.
- Wahlin Tami
- Wakefield Paul H.
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- Walker James
- Walker Shannon
- Walsh Edward E.
- Walsh Mary C.
- Walsh Stephen R.
- Walsh Stephen R.
- Walter Emmanuel B.
- Walters Ayanna
- Wang Tina
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- Waters Michael
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- Webster Hala
- Weidler Jessica L.
- Weiss Thomas
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- Wendell Lewis III
- Wendrow Andrea
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- Whatley Jordan L.
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- Williams Samantha
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- Wilson Clint
- Wilson Greg
- Wilson Natasha
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- Witbeck John
- Wohl David
- Woo Wayne
- Woodside Leana
- Wortman Glenn
- Wu Yi H.
- Wylie Paul E.
- Yang Fan
- Yang Kinara S.
- Yoon Anelgine C.
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- Young Cheryl
- Yu Chenchen
- Yusin Joseph
- Zapata Luz
- Zash Rebecca
- Zegarra Eneyda Giuvanela Llerena
- Zemanek Arthur L.
- Zenlea Kate
- Zepeda Karla
- Zervos Marcus J.
- Zhai Nan
- Zhang Kevin
- Zhou James
- Zimmer Andrea
- Zingman Barry S.
- Zorrilla Carmen D.
- Áñez Germán
- Publication venue
- 'Elsevier BV'
- Publication date
- 01/10/2023
- Field of study
Background: While vaccines have established utility against COVID-19, phase 3 efficacy studies have generally not comprehensively evaluated protection provided by previous infection or hybrid immunity (previous infection plus vaccination). Individual patient data from US government-supported harmonized vaccine trials provide an unprecedented sample population to address this issue. We characterized the protective efficacy of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection and hybrid immunity against COVID-19 early in the pandemic over three-to six-month follow-up and compared with vaccine-associated protection. Methods: In this post-hoc cross-protocol analysis of the Moderna, AstraZeneca, Janssen, and Novavax COVID-19 vaccine clinical trials, we allocated participants into four groups based on previous-infection status at enrolment and treatment: no previous infection/placebo; previous infection/placebo; no previous infection/vaccine; and previous infection/vaccine. The main outcome was RT-PCR-confirmed COVID-19 >7–15 days (per original protocols) after final study injection. We calculated crude and adjusted efficacy measures. Findings: Previous infection/placebo participants had a 92% decreased risk of future COVID-19 compared to no previous infection/placebo participants (overall hazard ratio [HR] ratio: 0.08; 95% CI: 0.05–0.13). Among single-dose Janssen participants, hybrid immunity conferred greater protection than vaccine alone (HR: 0.03; 95% CI: 0.01–0.10). Too few infections were observed to draw statistical inferences comparing hybrid immunity to vaccine alone for other trials. Vaccination, previous infection, and hybrid immunity all provided near-complete protection against severe disease. Interpretation: Previous infection, any hybrid immunity, and two-dose vaccination all provided substantial protection against symptomatic and severe COVID-19 through the early Delta period. Thus, as a surrogate for natural infection, vaccination remains the safest approach to protection. Funding: National Institutes of Health