Farm taxation and county government in Overton, Clay and Pickett counties

Taxes on farm property have increased from a rate represented by the index of 100 in 1914 to 253 in 1927. During this same period prices received for farm products increased from an index of 100 in 1914 to 209 in 1919 but dropped to 126 by 1927. This represents a tremendous burden to agriculture and in many regions and types of farming the taxes have practically confiscated farm earnings. The general property tax is the means of raising the greater share of the state and local revenue. Indeed in many of the poorer counties of Tennessee there is not any other means of raising the revenue. Keeping this in mind one can very readily see that as the valuation of farm lands increase with a corresponding decrease in the comparative ability to pay, the farmers in these poorer agricultural counties have cause for much complaint. Especially since the advantages that are supposed to accrue from the increased expenditures have failed to materialize. It is the purpose of this study to take Overton County as a representative of the large class of agricultural counties in Tennessee and to find (1) conditions as they actually exist, (2) make an analysis of these findings and determine whether or not the people are overburdened with taxes, and (3) to present clearly a suggested program for improvement

Relational Health Through The Communion Service At The Lighthouse Seventh-Day Adventist Church In Fort Lauderdale, Fl

Problem The history of conflict at the Lighthouse Seventh-day Adventist Church can be traced to the different attitudes and approaches toward the corporate worship experience held by the membership. One view of worship is more akin to traditional liturgy and style. One segment of the congregation, composed mainly of older members, prefers the use of hymns, emphasizes reverence in the sanctuary, and is skeptical of drums. Their posture could be considered reflective rather than overtly expressive. The other view of worship is more akin to contemporary elements and style. They prefer more contemporary genres of music, a more contemporary liturgy, and seek greater inclusivity of instruments. Their posture could be considered more expressive than reflective. These competing views created tension within the congregation, which grew into relational strain, unChristlike attitudes, and disengagement from some of the youth. The presence of unresolved conflict, along with the strain caused to relationships, continue to jeopardize the mission and integrity of the church. Method To address the issues of relational conflict a qualitative methods approach using focus groups sought to implement a new communion service that addressed the relational conflict within the church. This qualitative method will be used to assess the congregation’s attitudes and interactions during one of the most sacred services of the Christian church, namely the communion service. This has been chosen due to its unique ability to bring people together in commemoration of God’s salvation for mankind through Jesus Christ. With new features added to this service it is hoped that healing and reconciliation can take place, and originating issues of conflict can be addressed. It will seek to move the congregation toward relational health as outlined throughout Scripture. Results Over 90% of the members of the second focus group believed that the newly implemented elements of the communion service moved the congregation toward greater relational health. It also produced the following results: (a) the creation of a blended worship experience that incorporated cultural diversity and liturgical preferences. (b) Greater appreciation of cultural differences and reflecting these cultural differences in the communion service, (c) greater membership engagement in solution based dialogue, (d) increased attendance during our preparatory services before the communion service. (e) Improved attitudes toward servant leadership. Conclusions The communion service may provide the following: (a) A theological platform for healing conflicted churches in a similar context. (b) Encourages church leaders be proactive and intentional in leading a congregation toward biblically based solutions for conflict. (c) Contributes to the emerging field of Black pastoral theology and Black practical theology within a Seventh-day Adventist Caribbean contex

Portfolio of compositions

Portfolio of compositions. Acousmatic Musi

The Role of Apobec2 During Zebrafish Retina and Optic Nerve Regeneration.

Despite a high degree of similarity in retinal structure and function, zebrafish respond to retina and optic nerve damage with a regenerative response, while mammals do not. Moreover, the cell types responsible for these regenerative events, Müller glia (MG) and retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), are present in both zebrafish and mammalian retinas. The key to stimulating endogenous regeneration in mammals following retina or optic nerve damage likely resides in the ability to coax mammalian MG or RGCs into responding similarly to their zebrafish counterparts. To this end, zebrafish have been used as a model system in an attempt to understand the causative events and the cellular changes occurring in MG and RGCs during regeneration. This work describes the identification and characterization of Apolipoprotein B mRNA Editing Complex 2a and 2b (Apobec2a,2b) as components of these regenerative events in zebrafish. Although Apobec2 proteins were first identified over 13 years ago, their function has remained unresolved. Other members of the Apobec protein family participate in cytosine deaminase-dependent DNA/RNA mutagenesis and DNA demethylation. The experiments described in this work were designed with the goal of learning about the events accompanying retina and optic nerve regeneration and about the biochemical function of Apobec2 proteins, simultaneously. Herewith, the following is characterized during regeneration: gene expression programs, the regulation of DNA methylation, the poised programming state of quiescent MG, changes in mRNA editing, and the activation of the immune response in the progression of regeneration. Furthermore, we demonstrate that Apobec2a,2b are necessary for zebrafish retina and optic nerve regeneration and that they function independent of DNA demethylation, RNA editing, and likely cytosine deamination. We show that their biochemical function is conserved and dependent on the proper binding of zinc, and we identify Apobec2 interacting proteins and characterize potential roles for these interactions. Finally, a working model is proposed in which Apobec2a,2b function independent of cytosine deamination during retina and optic nerve regeneration. Cumulatively, this work serves as a valuable resource to the current understanding of zebrafish retina and optic nerve regeneration and the biochemical function of Apobec2 proteins, and opens multiple avenues for future research.PhDBiological ChemistryUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/108737/1/crpowel_1.pd

Mental health clinicians’ experiences of implementing evidence-based treatments.

Implementation research has tremendous potential to bridge the research-practice gap; however, we know more about barriers to evidence-based care than the factors that contribute to the adoption and sustainability of evidence-based treatments (EBTs). This qualitative study explores the experiences of clinicians (N = 11) who were implementing EBTs, highlighting the factors that they perceived to be most critical to successful implementation. The clinicians’ narratives reveal many leverage points that can inform administrators, clinical supervisors, and clinicians who wish to implement EBTs, as well as other stakeholders who wish to develop and test strategies for moving EBTs into routine care

Mental health clinicians’ experiences of implementing evidence-based treatments.

Implementation research has tremendous potential to bridge the research-practice gap; however, we know more about barriers to evidence-based care than the factors that contribute to the adoption and sustainability of evidence-based treatments (EBTs). This qualitative study explores the experiences of clinicians (N = 11) who were implementing EBTs, highlighting the factors that they perceived to be most critical to successful implementation. The clinicians’ narratives reveal many leverage points that can inform administrators, clinical supervisors, and clinicians who wish to implement EBTs, as well as other stakeholders who wish to develop and test strategies for moving EBTs into routine care

Mutations in the mitochondrial cysteinyl-tRNA synthase gene, CARS2, lead to a severe epileptic encephalopathy and complex movement disorder

Background: Mitochondrial disease is often suspected in cases of severe epileptic encephalopathy especially when a complex movement disorder, liver involvement and progressive developmental regression are present. Although mutations in either mitochondrial DNA or POLG are often present, other nuclear defects in mitochondrial DNA replication and protein translation have been associated with a severe epileptic encephalopathy. Methods: and results We identified a proband with an epileptic encephalopathy, complex movement disorder and a combined mitochondrial respiratory chain enzyme deficiency. The child presented with neurological regression, complex movement disorder and intractable seizures. A combined deficiency of mitochondrial complexes I, III and IV was noted in liver tissue, along with increased mitochondrial DNA content in skeletal muscle. Incomplete assembly of complex V, using blue native polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic analysis and complex I, using western blotting, suggested a disorder of mitochondrial transcription or translation. Exome sequencing identified compound heterozygous mutations in CARS2, a mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase. Both mutations affect highly conserved amino acids located within the functional ligase domain of the cysteinyl-tRNA synthase. A specific decrease in the amount of charged mt-tRNACys was detected in patient fibroblasts compared with controls. Retroviral transfection of the wild-type CARS2 into patient skin fibroblasts led to the correction of the incomplete assembly of complex V, providing functional evidence for the role of CARS2 mutations in disease aetiology. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that mutations in CARS2 result in a mitochondrial translational defect as seen in individuals with mitochondrial epileptic encephalopathy

A novel role for Lyl1 in primitive erythropoiesis

© 2018. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd. Stem cell leukemia (Scl or Tal1) and lymphoblastic leukemia 1 (Lyl1) encode highly related members of the basic helix-loop-helix family of transcription factors that are co-expressed in the erythroid lineage. Previous studies have suggested that Scl is essential for primitive erythropoiesis. However, analysis of single-cell RNA-seq data of early embryos showed that primitive erythroid cells express both Scl and Lyl1. Therefore, to determine whether Lyl1 can function in primitive erythropoiesis, we crossed conditional Scl knockout mice with mice expressing a Cre recombinase under the control of the Epo receptor, active in erythroid progenitors. Embryos with 20% expression of Scl from E9.5 survived to adulthood. However, mice with reduced expression of Scl and absence of Lyl1 (double knockout; DKO) died at E10.5 because of progressive loss of erythropoiesis. Gene expression profiling of DKO yolk sacs revealed loss of Gata1 and many of the known target genes of the SCL-GATA1 complex. ChIP-seq analyses in a human erythroleukemia cell line showed that LYL1 exclusively bound a small subset of SCL targets including GATA1. Together, these data show for the first time that Lyl1 can maintain primitive erythropoiesis