31 research outputs found
âHa, ha, haâ: Modes of Satire in the Royalist Newsbook The Man in the Moon
The Man in the Moon fut publiĂ© pour la premiĂšre fois en avril 1649 aprĂšs le rĂ©gicide alors que les autres journaux royalistes avaient dĂ©finitivement disparu du marchĂ© ou connurent une brĂšve renaissance. AffublĂ© de qualificatifs pĂ©joratifs tels que « grossier », « obscĂšne », ou encore « rĂ©actionnaire et populaire » par plusieurs gĂ©nĂ©rations dâhistoriens, il ne serait rien dâautre quâun exemple de « journalisme sensationnel et pornographique ». Câest prĂ©cisĂ©ment ce qui fait le sel de ce pĂ©riodique, et la satire, revendiquĂ©e par son rĂ©dacteur John Crouch, occupe une place de choix dans ses colonnes, comme le montre le poĂšme Ă visĂ©e programmatique qui ouvre le premier numĂ©ro. Le prĂ©sent article a pour objectif de dĂ©finir lâidentitĂ© satirique de The Man in the Moon relativement Ă dâautres journaux royalistes. Il montre Ă quel point le rire donne forme au journal, puis explore les ressorts de la satire politique quâil vĂ©hicule avant de sâinterroger sur la façon dont la satire, et le rire quâelle Ă©tait censĂ©e susciter, permirent Ă un discours post-Ă©lĂ©giaque de sâimposer dans la presse royaliste. Usant du rire en rĂ©ponse Ă la propagande officielle diffusĂ©e par les publications proches du Commonwealth, The Man in the Moon sâemployait avec lĂ©gĂšretĂ© Ă jouer la mouche du coche cependant que les cercles royalistes Ă©taient pour lâessentiel en proie Ă lâabattement. Câest Ă ce titre que ce journal mĂ©rite une attention renouvelĂ©e.The Man in the Moon was the only royalist mercury to come to life after the regicide in 1649 while other royalist newsbooks had either disappeared from the market or were briefly revived. It has variously been labelled as âsmutty,â âobscene,â as well as âreactionary and popular,â providing an example of âuninformative and pornographic journalism.â Precisely, John Crouch, who was presumably its author, made no secret of his satirical intentions, as appears in his programmatic poem topping the first issue of the newsbook: âWith pricking Bushes at my back, / Iâle make Satyrick Whipps.â This paper looks into the satirical identity of The Man in the Moon in comparison with other royalist newspapers: it assesses how much Crouchâs newsbook was shaped by laughter, highlights the main features of political satire and discusses how far satire â and the laughter that it was meant to provoke â contributed to the emergence of a post-elegiac mood that overcame royalist journalism. Thus, as a publication offering not only a counterblast to official propaganda disseminated through pro-Commonwealth newsbooks but also a playful variation on the post-regicide elegiac mood that had set in among royalists, The Man in the Moon deserves reappraisal
âThe French, those Monkies of Mankindâ: the Fronde as seen by the newsbook Mercurius Politicus
Mercurius Politicus was the Commonwealthâs official voice and, following Cromwellâs coup in 1653, was regarded as the Protectorateâs mouthpiece. It developed a reputation for providing first-rate coverage of foreign news, with France receiving its due share of space according to the course of events taking place across the Channel. This paper examines how France and the French were depicted by Mercurius Politicus contributors during the Fronde, which more or less coincided with the time of the Commonwealth. It also considers how the authors viewed the English revolution and the establishment of the Commonwealth with regard to the rebellion in France. It finally explains why the journalistsâ attention was especially drawn to Bordeaux, where a more radical Fronde was taking place.Voix officielle du Commonwealth, le Mercurius Politicus devint, aprĂšs le coup dâĂ©tat perpĂ©trĂ© par Cromwell en 1653, lâorgane de presse du Protectorat. Ce journal Ă©tait rĂ©putĂ© pour son traitement de lâactualitĂ© internationale ; la France recevait dans ses pages la place qui lui Ă©tait due, singuliĂšrement quand les nouvelles venant dâoutre-Manche Ă©taient nombreuses. Cet article Ă©tudie la reprĂ©sentation de la France et des Français dans les colonnes du journal pendant la Fronde. Il rend Ă©galement compte de la façon dont les journalistes Ă©voquent la rĂ©volution qui vient de sâaccomplir en Angleterre relativement aux Ă©vĂ©nements qui secouent la France. Pour finir, lâattention suscitĂ©e par la Fronde bordelaise, plus radicale, fait lâobjet dâune rĂ©flexion
« Agreement, Covenant, Engagement, Oath », ou le serment politique dans tous ses Ă©tats Ă lâĂ©poque de la RĂ©volution anglaise (1638-1660)
The English Revolution gave rise to a great many expressions of loyalty through covenants and engagements, such as the 1643 âSolemn League and Covenantâ or the 1650 âEngagementâ to the Commonwealth and Free State. Both of them provoked controversial debates because they challenged the oath of allegiance to the king. The authors who joined in the controversy often used casuistry to defend their views. These expressions of loyalty were variously â sometimes confusingly â labelled as âoathsâ, âcovenantsâ, engagementsâ and âagreementsâ, thus reflecting the political divisions of the time but also the shifting attitudes and allegiances of royalists and parliamentarians. This paper builds a typology of the political expressions of allegiance of the revolutionary years until the establishment of the Republic, especially those encouraged by the parliamentary party. It notably discusses the Agreement of the People, a hybrid engagement-cum-manifesto which was drafted by New Model Army radicals and the Levellers. It was criticised in a parliamentary ordinance in December 1647 and castigated by Commonwealth authorities in May 1649. Should this political manifesto be seen as a democratic oath expressing the concerns of men whose natural liberties had been infringed both by the king and the republican oligarchy but who had ultimately found a way out of bondage
Anne-Marie Miller-Blaise, Le Verbe fait image. Iconoclasme, Ă©criture figurĂ©e et thĂ©ologie de lâIncarnation chez les poĂštes mĂ©taphysiques. Le cas de George Herbert
Ouvrage dense et Ă©lĂ©gamment Ă©crit, Le verbe fait image propose une lecture stimulante de la poĂ©sie de George Herbert (1593-1633), pasteur de lâĂglise dâAngleterre et auteur du recueil de poĂ©sie dĂ©votionnelle The Temple, Ă lâaune du dĂ©bat sur le statut de lâimage religieuse dans lâAngleterre des xvie et xviie siĂšcles. Il contient un index utile, ainsi que quelques illustrations rassemblĂ©es en son milieu qui permettent de replacer Herbert dans un contexte de production textuelle oĂč lâimage donn..
âHa, ha, haâ: Modes of Satire in the Royalist Newsbook The Man in the Moon
The Man in the Moon was the only royalist mercury to come to life after the regicide in 1649 while other royalist newsbooks had either disappeared from the market or were briefly revived. It has variously been labelled as âsmutty,â âobscene,â as well as âreactionary and popular,â providing an example of âuninformative and pornographic journalism.â Precisely, John Crouch, who was presumably its author, made no secret of his satirical intentions, as appears in his programmatic poem topping the first issue of the newsbook: âWith pricking Bushes at my back, / Iâle make Satyrick Whipps.â This paper looks into the satirical identity of The Man in the Moon in comparison with other royalist newspapers: it assesses how much Crouchâs newsbook was shaped by laughter, highlights the main features of political satire and discusses how far satire â and the laughter that it was meant to provoke â contributed to the emergence of a post-elegiac mood that overcame royalist journalism. Thus, as a publication offering not only a counterblast to official propaganda disseminated through pro-Commonwealth newsbooks but also a playful variation on the post-regicide elegiac mood that had set in among royalists, The Man in the Moon deserves reappraisal
Foreword
This is the last paper issue of the Revue de la sociĂ©tĂ© dâĂ©tudes anglo-amĂ©ricaines des XVIIe et XVIIIe siĂšcles before the journal goes online. While the SociĂ©tĂ© XVII-XVIII has chosen a new publication medium for its journal, one made necessary by the expansion of the Digital Humanities in our global world, it is not quite coincidental that this issue should include a collection of essays on silence. However, the Revue will not fall silent; it will be given a new lease of life and a fresh voic..
âOur Digging Upon That Common is the Talk of the Whole Landâ: The Story of the Surrey Diggers as Told by Contemporary Newsbooks
This paper is a survey of newspaper articles published in 1649 concerning an apparently trivial event â the colonisation of common land in Surrey in April 1649 by a group of individuals who came to be known as Diggers, and the subsequent establishment of an agrarian society based on the principle of collective ownership. In particular, it seeks to explain why contemporary newspapers made use of this story and reported on the Diggersâ communistic experiment as a threat â the manifestation of a large-scale protest movement liable to undermine social and political order and jeopardise the newly-founded Commonwealth. It shows how the press and the establishment interacted during the English Revolution, when spreading the written word greatly fashioned political propaganda.Cet article sâintĂ©resse au traitement, par les journaux de lâannĂ©e 1649, de ce quâil serait aujourdâhui convenu dâappeler un fait divers : lâappropriation par un groupe dâindividus qui furent surnommĂ©s BĂȘcheurs de terres communes dans le Surrey en avril 1649, suivie par la mise en place dâune sociĂ©tĂ© agraire reposant sur le principe de la propriĂ©tĂ© collective. Il sâefforce en particulier de montrer pourquoi les journaux sâemparĂšrent de cet Ă©vĂ©nement quâils prĂ©sentĂšrent comme le symptĂŽme dâun mouvement contestataire de grande ampleur menaçant de subvertir lâordre Ă©tabli et de renverser la toute nouvelle RĂ©publique. Il met en lumiĂšre le rapport quâentretinrent presse et pouvoir Ă lâĂ©poque de la RĂ©volution anglaise, pĂ©riode durant laquelle la diffusion de lâĂ©crit fut un des ressorts de la propagande politique.Curelly Laurent. âOur Digging Upon That Common is the Talk of the Whole Landâ: The Story of the Surrey Diggers as Told by Contemporary Newsbooks. In: XVII-XVIII. Revue de la sociĂ©tĂ© d'Ă©tudes anglo-amĂ©ricaines des XVIIe et XVIIIe siĂšcles. Diffusion de lâĂ©crit dans le monde anglophone. Spreading the Written Word in the English-Speaking World. 2010. pp. 47-62
« Christâs Bloody Sweat » : la reprĂ©sentation de la scĂšne de la retraite Ă GethsĂ©mani dans la poĂ©sie de dĂ©votion anglaise
Seventeenth century English devotional poetry with its Christocentric perspective is imbued with references to the Passion of Christ, Christianityâs pivotal event. Christâs solitary prayer at Gethsemane, which begins the narrative of his Passion and foreshadows his death on the Cross, inspired many devotional poets of the time. The aim of this paper is to explain why poets of such seemingly conflicting religious persuasions as the Catholic Southwell and his Anglican counterparts Herbert and Vaughan draw upon the Gethsemane scene in the Gospel of Luke as their source material, and to assess how close to Biblical sources their poems are. Their writing, which runs the gamut of the borrowing process from copying to rephrasing, proves to be conditioned not only by Scripture but also by other sources, thus raising questions about the poetsâcreativeness.Fortement christocentrique, la poĂ©sie de dĂ©votion anglaise du premier XVIIe siĂšcle regorge de rĂ©fĂ©rences Ă cet Ă©vĂ©nement majeur du christianisme quâest la Passion du Christ. DĂ©butant le rĂ©cit scripturaire du sacrifice christique et prĂ©figurant la Crucifixion, lâĂ©pisode de la retraite de JĂ©sus Ă GethsĂ©mani suscita lâintĂ©rĂȘt de nombreux poĂštes de dĂ©votion, parmi lesquels le catholique Southwell et les anglicans Herbert et Vaughan. On sâefforcera de comprendre pourquoi, indĂ©pendamment de leur foi, ces poĂštes intĂšgrent volontiers Ă leurs vers cet Ă©pisode biblique, sâen remettant principalement au rĂ©cit de Luc ; en corollaire, on tentera de mesurer le degrĂ© de fidĂ©litĂ© aux sources scripturaires lisible dans leurs poĂšmes. En effet, entre emprunt et rĂ©Ă©criture, leur Ă©criture poĂ©tique paraĂźt agir comme un filtre par lequel se manifeste lâinfluence dâautres sources. Ce constat pose en effet la question de lâĂ©nergie crĂ©atrice que recĂšle une poĂ©sie fortement conditionnĂ©e par ses sources.Curelly Laurent. « Christâs Bloody Sweat » : la reprĂ©sentation de la scĂšne de la retraite Ă GethsĂ©mani dans la poĂ©sie de dĂ©votion anglaise. In: XVII-XVIII. Revue de la sociĂ©tĂ© d'Ă©tudes anglo-amĂ©ricaines des XVIIe et XVIIIe siĂšcles. N°64, 2007. La Bible dans le monde anglo-amĂ©ricain des XVIIe et XVIIIe siĂšcles. pp. 47-63
âDo look on the other side of the waterâ: de la politique Ă©trangĂšre de Cromwell Ă lâĂ©gard de la France
Cette contribution sâintĂ©resse Ă la politique Ă©trangĂšre que mena Ă lâĂ©gard de la France lâAngleterre de Cromwell, pendant le Commonwealth (1649-1653) puis le Protectorat (1653-1658). La France occupe une place importante dans les choix stratĂ©giques de Cromwell puisque, en vertu du traitĂ© signĂ© par les deux parties en mars 1657, elle devint lâalliĂ©e de lâAngleterre contre lâEspagne. Au dĂ©but de la pĂ©riode, le Commonwealth, et Cromwell en particulier, intervinrent dans une France fragilisĂ©e par la Fronde afin dâinflĂ©chir les Ă©vĂ©nements Ă leur avantage. Lâarticle dĂ©crit le rĂŽle que jouĂšrent deux intermĂ©diaires travaillant pour le compte de lâAngleterre : Edward Sexby, ex-Agitateur de lâarmĂ©e qui fut envoyĂ© comme agent du Commonwealth pour soutenir la Fronde bordelaise connue sous le nom de lâOrmĂ©e et traduisit en français le manifeste niveleur lâAccord du peuple, et William Lockart, homme de confiance et parent de Cromwell, dĂ©pĂȘchĂ© comme ambassadeur auprĂšs de Mazarin afin de consolider les relations franco-anglaises alors que Cromwell avait dĂ©cidĂ© de jouer la carte française contre lâEspagne. Du soutien mesurĂ© Ă la tentative de dĂ©stabilisation du rĂ©gime de Mazarin menĂ©e par les Frondeurs, alors que des nĂ©gociations parallĂšles Ă©taient conduites en secret avec le Cardinal, Ă lâĂ©tablissement dâune diplomatie officielle anglaise Ă la Cour de France, câest le sens de la politique Ă©trangĂšre de Cromwell qui est ici questionnĂ©.This article studies Oliver Cromwellâs foreign policy in France during the Commonwealth (1649-1653) and the Protectorate (1653-1658). France played a significant part in Cromwellâs diplomatic game as it became Englandâs partner following the signing of the 1657 treaty for a military alliance against Spain. Back in the early 1650s, however, the Commonwealth and Cromwell in particular had sought to destabilise and weaken France further than it was because of the Fronde. Under study here is the role played by two actors at the behest of Englandâs authorities: on the one hand, Edward Sexy, a former New Model Army Agitator who was sent to Bordeaux as a Commonwealth agent in support of the rebellion there and translated the Leveller manifesto The Agreement of the People into English, and on the other hand, William Lockhart, Cromwellâs trusted friend-cum-relative who was appointed special ambassador to France with instructions to strengthen Anglo-French relationships and negotiate with Mazarin for a military alliance against Spain. Cromwellâs dealings with France are thereby examined, from the half-hearted support given to French rebelsâ efforts to oust Mazarin, while England was busy conducting unofficial negotiations with the French government, to the establishment of diplomatic ties between the two countries