27 research outputs found

    Biogeographical scenarios modulate seagrass resistance to small‐scale perturbations

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    1. Seagrasses constitute a key coastal habitat worldwide, but are exposed to multiple perturbations. Understanding elements affecting seagrass resistance to disturbances is critical for conservation. Distinct biogeographical scenarios are intrinsically linked with varying ecological and evolution backgrounds shaped across millennia. 2.We addressed whether the resistance (change in shoot abundances) and performance (change in leaf morphology and growth) of the seagrass Cymodocea nodosa to a local stressor, light reduction, varied across three regions (Southeast Iberia, the Balearic Sea and the Canaries) within the temperate northern Atlantic realm. We hypothesized that distinct biogeographical scenarios, in terms of distinct ecological/environmental conditions and genetic diversity of meadows, would affect seagrass resistance and performance, with flow‐on effects on associated epifauna. The same experiments, in terms of shading intensities, timing and duration, were replicated at three seagrass meadows within each region. 3.Results demonstrated inter‐regional variation in the resistance and performance of C. nodosa. Under moderate and high shading, shoot abundance was abruptly decreased, relative to controls, in the Canaries with concurrent, but less accentuated, changes in leaf morphology and no changes in growth. In the other two regions, however, moderate and high shading had a negligible effect on shoot abundance, leaf morphology and growth. Shading had no overall effect over the total abundance and assemblage structure of epifauna; these faunal attributes, however, varied between regions. Low seagrass resistance at the Canaries is linked with the peripheral distribution of the species there, favoring isolation and decreased genetic diversity. 4.Synthesis Different biogeographical scenarios shape seagrass resistance to local perturbations. From a conservation perspective, if resistance differs among biogeographical scenarios, universal conservation rules for seagrasses are challenging.1. Las angiospermas marinas constituyen un hábitat prioritario globalmente, pero están expuestas a múltiples perturbaciones. Comprender qué elementos afectan su resistencia a impactos es crítico para la conservación. Distintos escenarios biogeográficos están vinculados con distintos contextos ecológicos y evolutivos modulados durante milenios. 2. Evaluamos si la resistencia (cambio en abundancias de haces) y funcionamiento (cambio en la morfología foliar y crecimiento) de la angiosperma marina Cymodocea nodosa a un estresante local, reducción luminosa, varió entre tres regiones (sudoeste de la Península Ibérica, Mar Balear e Islas Canarias) en el Atlántico norte. Nuestra hipótesis es que distintos escenarios biogeográficos, en cuanto a distintas condiciones ecológicas/ambientales, así como de diversidad genética de las praderas, afectaría la resistencia y funcionamiento de la angiosperma, con efectos sobre la epifauna asociada. Los mismos experimentos, en términos de intensidad de sombreado, tiempo y duración, se replicaron en tres praderas de cada región. 3. Los resultados demostraron variación entre regiones en la resistencia y funcionamiento de C. nodosa. Bajo sombreado moderado e intenso, la abundancia de haces decreció abruptamente, en relación con controles, en Canarias, con cambios menos acentuados en la morfología foliar y ausentes para el crecimiento. En las otras dos regiones, sin embargo, el sombreado moderado e intenso tuvieron un efecto despreciable sobre la abundancia de haces, morfología foliar y crecimiento. El sombreado no tuvo efecto sobre la abundancia total y estructura multivariante de la epifauna, que variaron no obstante entre regiones. La baja resistencia en Canarias se vincula con la distribución periférica de la especie allí, lo que favorece el aislamiento y una diversidad genética baja. 4. Síntesis. Diferentes escenarios biogeográficos afectan la resistencia de la angiosperma a perturbaciones locales. Desde una perspectiva de conservación, si la resistencia difiere entre escenarios biogeográficos se hace difícil disponer de reglas de conservación universales para las angiospermas marina.This work was funded by a project (RESIGRASS, CGL2014-58829) supported by the Secretaría de Estado de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación (MINECO, Government of Spain) to FT and FT

    Characterization of pregnant women with venous thromboembolic disease attended at the General Teaching Hospital "Abel SantamaríaCuadrado".

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    Introducción: la enfermedad tromboembólica venosa constituye una de lascomplicacionesdelembarazo, que puede evolucionar tórpidamente y causar la muerte.Objetivo: caracterizar a las gestantes con enfermedad tromboembólica venosa atendidas en el Hospital General Docente “Abel Santamaría Cuadrado”.Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal en gestantes atendidas en el Hospital General Docente “Abel Santamaría Cuadrado” entre mayo de 2018 y marzo de 2021. La muestra quedó conformada por 26 pacientes. Se empleó estadística descriptiva.Resultados:el 0,09 % de las 27 500 gestantes atendidas presentaronenfermedad tromboembólica venosa, conmayorincidenciaen el grupo etario de gestantes de 35 años o más (0,06 %). El 76,92 % desarrolló la enfermedad tromboembólica venosa durante elpuerperio, la mayor incidencia durante el puerperio se observó en pacientes sometidas a cesárea (80 %). El 57,69 % de las pacientes conenfermedad tromboembólica venosa durante la gestaciónpresentaronvárices en miembros inferiores y el 69,23 % refirieron antecedentes de trombosis venosa profunda. La enfermedad tromboembólica venosa fuecomún (57,69 %) en gestantes con un índice de masa corporal mayor de 28,6.Conclusiones: el tromboembolismo venoso presentó una baja incidencia, la cualfuemayor durante elpuerperio, se presentócomúnmente en esa etapa en aquellas que fuenecesariorealizarles cesárea.  En las gestantes con antecedentes de trombosis venosa profunda fuecomún la recurrencia. La enfermedad tromboembólica venosa fue más frecuente en gestantes conun índice de masa corporal elevado. Introduction: venous thromboembolic disease constitutes one of the complications of pregnancy, which can evolve torpidly and cause death.Objective: to characterize pregnant women with venous thromboembolic disease attended at the  "Abel SantamaríaCuadrado" General Teaching Hospital.Methods: an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted in pregnant women attended at the "Abel SantamaríaCuadrado" General Teaching Hospital between May 2018 and March 2021. The sample consisted of 26 patients. Descriptive statistics were used.Results: 0,09 % of the 27,500 pregnant women attended presented venous thromboembolic disease, with a higher incidence in the age group of pregnant women aged 35 years or older (0,06 %). A total of 76,92% developed venous thromboembolic disease during the puerperium, with the highest incidence during the puerperium being observed in patients who underwent cesarean section (80%). Of the patients with venous thromboembolic disease during pregnancy, 57,69% presented varicose veins in the lower limbs and 69,23% reported a history of deep vein thrombosis. Venous thromboembolic disease was common (57,69 %) in pregnant women with a body mass index greater than 28,6.Conclusions: Venous thromboembolism presented a low incidence, which was higher during the puerperium, occurring commonly at that stage in those who had to undergo cesarean section.  In pregnant women with a history of deep vein thrombosis, recurrence was common. Venous thromboembolic disease was more frequent in pregnant women with a high body mass index

    Senescence rewires microenvironment sensing to facilitate anti-tumor immunity

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    Cellular senescence involves a stable cell cycle arrest coupled to a secretory program that, in some instances, stimulates the immune clearance of senescent cells. Using an immune competent liver cancer model in which senescence triggers CD8 T cell-mediated tumor rejection, we show that senescence also remodels the cell surface proteome to alter how tumor cells sense environmental factors, as exemplified by Type II interferon (IFN-y). Compared to proliferating cells, senescent cells upregulate the IFN-y receptor, become hypersensitized to microenvironmental IFN-y, and more robustly induce the antigen presenting machinery--effects also recapitulated in human tumor cells undergoing therapy-induced senescence. Disruption of IFN-y sensing in senescent cells blunts their immune-mediated clearance without disabling the senescence state or its characteristic secretory program. Our results demonstrate that senescent cells have an enhanced ability to both send and receive environmental signals, and imply that each process is required for their effective immune surveillance

    IL-6 serum levels predict severity and response to tocilizumab in COVID-19: An observational study

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    Background: Patients with coronavirus disaese 2019 (COVID-19) can develop a cytokine release syndrome that eventually leads to acute respiratory distress syndrome requiring invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). Because IL-6 is a relevant cytokine in acute respiratory distress syndrome, the blockade of its receptor with tocilizumab (TCZ) could reduce mortality and/or morbidity in severe COVID-19. Objective: We sought to determine whether baseline IL-6 serum levels can predict the need for IMV and the response to TCZ. Methods: A retrospective observational study was performed in hospitalized patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Clinical information and laboratory findings, including IL-6 levels, were collected approximately 3 and 9 days after admission to be matched with preadministration and postadministration of TCZ. Multivariable logistic and linear regressions and survival analysis were performed depending on outcomes: need for IMV, evolution of arterial oxygen tension/fraction of inspired oxygen ratio, or mortality. Results: One hundred forty-six patients were studied, predominantly males (66%); median age was 63 years. Forty-four patients (30%) required IMV, and 58 patients (40%) received treatment with TCZ. IL-6 levels greater than 30 pg/mL was the best predictor for IMV (odds ratio, 7.1; P < .001). Early administration of TCZ was associated with improvement in oxygenation (arterial oxygen tension/fraction of inspired oxygen ratio) in patients with high IL-6 (P = .048). Patients with high IL-6 not treated with TCZ showed high mortality (hazard ratio, 4.6; P = .003), as well as those with low IL-6 treated with TCZ (hazard ratio, 3.6; P = .016). No relevant serious adverse events were observed in TCZ-treated patients. Conclusions: Baseline IL-6 greater than 30 pg/mL predicts IMV requirement in patients with COVID-19 and contributes to establish an adequate indication for TCZ administrationThis study was funded by Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness (MINECO) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (grant nos. RD16/0011/0012 and PI18/ 0371 to I.G.A., grant no. PI19/00549 to A.A., and grant no. SAF2017-82886-R to F.S.-M.) and co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund. The study was also funded by ‘‘La Caixa Banking Foundation’’ (grant no. HR17-00016 to F.S.-M.) and ‘‘Fondos Supera COVID19’’ by Banco de Santander and CRUE. None of these sponsors have had any role in study design; in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; and in the decision to submit the article for publicatio

    Systemic Calcinosis in NXP2-Dermatomyositis

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    EL PROCESO DE TOMA DE DECISIONES PARA EL DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE EN EL SECTOR TURÍSTICO / THE DECISION-MAKING PROCESS FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN THE TOURIST SECTOR: Array

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    In the current Cuban context, perfecting organizations for a better adaptation to the constant socioeconomic changes that arise with the development of humanity is essential. To achieve this, having competent personnel who are capable of carrying out a thorough analysis of the information and making the most effective decision is crucial. The objective of this study is to develop a procedure for the analysis of the financial statements, hence facilitating an appropriate decision-making process for sustainable development in the Islazul Sancti Spiritus Company. The abovementioned entity was chosen for this research as it is one of the fundamental pillars of the economy in the territory and one with greater incidence in the local development of the region. The methodology used was an instrument for decision-making: Cause-Effect Diagram, which is a useful tool for diagnosis and decision-making. Decision-making is part of our daily life, in our professional life we ​​also make daily decisions that can shape our future and determine the success or failure of an idea or project. The application of the analysis will help managers to lead pioneering companies in the sustainable development of our social system.En el contexto cubano actual, se hace imprescindible perfeccionar las organizaciones con el objetivo de que se adapten cada vez mejor a los cambios socioeconómicos que surgen con el desarrollo de la humanidad. Para lograrlo se debe tener un personal competente, que sea capaz de realizar un profundo análisis de la información obtenida para que de esta manera se tome la decisión más efectiva. El objetivo de este estudio es desarrollar un procedimiento para el análisis de los estados financieros, que facilite la toma de decisiones adecuadas para el desarrollo sostenible en la Empresa Islazul Sancti Spiritus, entidad donde fue aplicada la investigación, por ser esta uno de los pilares fundamentales de la economía en el territorio y con mayor incidencia en el desarrollo local de la región. Como metodología empleada se utilizó un procedimiento e instrumento para la toma de decisiones: Diagrama Causa-Efecto, que constituye una útil herramienta a los equipos de estudios del trabajo para el diagnóstico y alternativas de decisión. La toma de decisiones forma parte de nuestro diario vivir, en nuestra vida profesional también tomamos diariamente decisiones que pueden marcar nuestro futuro en la empresa y el éxito o fracaso de una idea o proyecto. La aplicación del análisis dará al traste con la propuesta de métodos y herramientas que ayude a los directivos a convertir su organización en vanguardia en el desarrollo sostenible de nuestro sistema social

    Ajuste estructural y territorio en America Latina

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    Centro de Informacion y Documentacion Cientifica (CINDOC). C/Joaquin Costa, 22. 28002 Madrid. SPAIN / CINDOC - Centro de Informaciòn y Documentaciòn CientìficaSIGLEESSpai

    Desarrollo y politicas publicas en Latinoamerica en el cambio de siglo

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    Centro de Informacion y Documentacion Cientifica (CINDOC). C/Joaquin Costa, 22. 28002 Madrid. SPAIN / CINDOC - Centro de Informaciòn y Documentaciòn CientìficaSIGLEESSpai
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