Survey of tetracyclines residues in brazilian swine muscle.

Abstract: The use of antibiotics is still intensive in animal production. Among the most used veterinary products in pig farming, tetracyclines can be highlighted. When used in excess, these substances can leave residues in food, which depending on the concentration pose a risk on consumers. Brazil, as one of the world’s largest producer and exporter of animal protein, must be attentive to the laws and ensure that their meat products are safe for human health. So, the concentration of veterinary residues eventually detected must be below the maximum residue limits (MRLs) stipulated by the regulatory agencies. To contribute with subsidies for decision making in pork safety to the annual monitoring program, performed by the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock, this study aimed to evaluate the residues of tetracyclines in swine muscle from the federal inspection system, by validated and officially accepted analytical methodology (HPLC-UV). Any suspect results obtained from the HPLC-UV analysis can be confirmed immediately by injecting the samples onto a LC-MS/MS system. The results showed that all evaluated samples had concentrations of tetracycline residues below the MRL, and therefore, can be considered safe for human consumption. Resumo: O uso de antibióticos ainda é crescente na produção animal intensiva. Dentre os produtos de uso veterinário mais utilizados na suinocultura podem se destacar as tetraciclinas. Quando usados em excesso, essas substâncias podem deixar resíduos nos alimentos, que dependendo da concentração são alvo de preocupação para o consumidor. O Brasil, como um dos maiores produtores e exportadores de proteína animal do mundo, deve estar atento às legislações e garantir que seus produtos cárneos sejam seguros para a saúde humana. Assim, a concentração de resíduos veterinários eventualmente detectada deverá estar abaixo dos limites máximos de resíduos (LMR) estipulados pelas agências reguladoras. Para contribuir com subsídios para tomada de decisão na segurança de carne suína, ao programa de monitoramento anual, realizado pelo Ministério da Agricultura e Pecuária, este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar resíduos de tetraciclinas em carne suína oriunda de sistema de inspeção federal, por metodologia analítica validada e aceita oficialmente (HPLC-UV). Quaisquer resultados suspeitos obtidos na análise HPLC-UV podem ser confirmados imediatamente injetando as amostras em um sistema LC-MS/MS. Os resultados mostraram que todas amostras avaliadas apresentaram concentração de resíduos de tetraciclinas abaixo do LMR, sendo, portanto, seguros para consumo humano

Could the cosmic acceleration be transient? A cosmographic evaluation

A possible slowing down of the cosmic expansion is investigated through a cosmographic approach. By expanding the luminosity distance to fourth order and fitting the SN Ia data from the most recent compilations (Union, Constitution and Union 2), the marginal likelihood distributions for the deceleration parameter today suggest a recent reduction of the cosmic acceleration and indicate that there is a considerable probability for $q_0>0$. Also in contrast to the prediction of the $\Lambda$CDM model, the cosmographic $q(z)$ reconstruction permits a cosmic expansion history where the cosmic acceleration could already have peaked and be presently slowing down, which would imply that the recent accelerated expansion of the Universe is a transient phenomenon. It is also shown that to describe a transient acceleration the luminosity distance needs to be expanded at least to fourth order. The present cosmographic results depend neither on the validity of general relativity nor on the matter-energy contents of the Universe.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in Classical and Quantum Gravit

Cancellation of atmospheric turbulence effects in entangled two-photon beams

Turbulent airflow in the atmosphere and the resulting random fluctuations in its refractive index have long been known as a major cause of image deterioration in astronomical imaging and figures among the obstacles for reliable optical communication when information is encoded in the spatial profile of a laser beam. Here we show that using correlation imaging and a suitably prepared source of photon pairs, the most severe of the disturbances inflicted on the beam by turbulence can be cancelled out. Other than a two-photon light source, only linear passive optical elements are needed and, as opposed to adaptive optics techniques, our scheme does not rely on active wavefront correction.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure

Zoneamento Edáfico da Cana-de-açúcar no Polo Petroquímico de Triunfo.

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