Small Bowel Obstruction due to Mesodiverticular Band of Meckel's Diverticulum: A Case Report

Meckel's diverticulum is the most common congenital anomaly of the small intestine. Common complications related to a Meckel's diverticulum include haemorrhage, intestinal obstruction, and inflammation. Small bowel obstruction due to mesodiverticular band of Meckel's diverticulum is a rare complication. Herein, we report the diagnosis and management of a small bowel obstruction occurring due to mesodiverticular band of a Meckel's diverticulum

A Neonatal Pneumonia Presented with Spontaneous Pneumothorax Due to Listeria Monositogenes

WOS: 000215587000025Listeria Monositogenes is a facultative anaerob gram(+) agents that presents in soil, water, plants and in many mammals intestinal system Usteria Monositogenes is one of the most common factors of early neonatal sepsis and neonatal pneumonia during the per natal period. Maternal obstetric complications are frequently seen in patients. Patients are often premature and have low birth weight. Responsible microorganisms frequently originate from maternal. The disease involes multisystems and the prognosis is usually fulminant. In the congenital pneumonia, respiratory distress syndrome is prominent. Symptomatic spontaneous pneumothorax brings about serious morbidity and mortality in newborns. The cause and risk factors of symptomatic pneumothorax in term newborns are not completely understood. The risk factors were reported as prematurity, male sex, high birth weight and birth the use of vacuum We aimed to present a case with neonatal pneumonia associated with symptomatic spontaneous pneumothorax due to Listeria Monositogenes

Differential diagnosis of bacterial and viral meningitis in childhood acute meningitis: A statistical model

WOS: 000246531100007PubMed: 17427553Acute bacterial meningitis (BM) which is a pediatric emergency with high mortality and morbidity, must be diagnosed and treated promptly. There is no unique method to prove or rule out the diagnosis of BM in a patient with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings consistent with BM but negative Gram stain and culture results. For this purpose the combination of CSF parameters are used for diagnosis. The aims of this study were to compare retrospectively the mean leukocyte count, serum C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), CSF leukocyte and neutrophil, CSF protein and glucose values in 40 bacterial and 29 viral meningitis (VM) patients, ages between 1 month and 14 years, and to develop a statistical model for the differentiation of BM and VM cases. Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the relationship between BM and age, CRP, ESR, leukocyte count, CSF leukocyte, neutrophil, protein and glucose values. Based on CSF protein and neutrophil ratio which were found as independent variables, the regression model could predict the patients having BM with 95% and viral meningitis with 93.2% accuracy

Metacognition in psychosis: Comparison of schizophrenia with bipolar disorder

While deficits in metacognition have been observed in schizophrenia (SZ), it is less clear whether these are specific to the disorder. Accordingly, this study compared metacognitive abilities of patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder (BD) and examined the degree to which neurocognition contributed to metacognitive deficits in both groups. Participants were 30 patients with SZ and 30 with BD. Metacognitive capacity was measured using the Metacognition Assessment Scale Abbreviated(MAS-A). This scale comprises four domains: self-reflectivity, understanding others' minds, decentration and mastery. Verbal memory, executive functioning and symptoms were concurrently assessed. Group comparisons revealed that SZ patients had greater deficits in metacognitive self-reflectivity, which correctly classified 85.2% of patients with SZ in a logistic regression. Self-reflectivity and understanding others' minds were related to verbal memory and executive functioning in the SZ group, but not in the BD group. Furthermore, greater positive and general psychotic symptoms were associated with poorermetacognition in SZ. Results suggest SZ involves unique deficits in the ability to self-reflect and thatthese deficits may be uniquely linked with neurocognition

Late neurologic symptoms of carbonmonoxide intoxication: A case report

Karbonmonoksit; akut ya da kronik zehirlenmeye neden olabilen renksiz, kokusuz bir gazdır. Karbon monoksit zehirlenmesine bağlı beklenmeyen ölümler özellikle kış aylarında artmaktadır. Karbon monoksit dokulara oksijen sunumunu azaltır. Zehirlenmeden günler veya haftalar sonra görülen geç nörolojik bulgular karbonmonoksit zehirlenmesinin en önemli komplikasyonlarıdır. On üç yaşında kız çocuğu ajitasyon, gözlerde sola kayma, kol ve bacaklarında istemsiz hareketler, idrar kaçırma şikâyetleri ile çocuk acil polikliniğine başvurdu. Öyküsünden, beş gün önce şofbenden zehirlendiği öğrenildi. Yapılan ayrıntılı değerlendirmeler sonucu karbon monoksit zehirlenmesinin geç komplikasyonu olarak değerlendirilen hastanın bulguları uygun destek tedavisinden sonra düzeldi.Carbon monoxide is colourless, odourless gas that can cause acute or chronic intoxication. Carbonmonoxide reduces oxygen delivery of tissues. Late neurologic symptoms of carbonmonoxide intoxication can occur days or even weeks after the patient has made a seemingly good recovery from the acute poisoning. The patient, a 13-years old female girl admitted to hospital with disorientation, hemiparesis, choreoathetosis. From her history, we learned that she was poisoned from geyser five days ago. On detailed evaluation the patient is diagnosed as the late neurological signs of carbonmonoxide intoxication. Symptoms of patient is improved after appropriate supportive management

Oxidative stress markers, cognitive functions, and psychosocial functioning in bipolar disorder: an empirical cross-sectional study

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between oxidative stress markers and cognitive functions and domains of psychosocial functioning in bipolar disorder. Methods: Oxidative stress markers, cognitive functions, and domains of psychosocial functioning were evaluated in 51 patients with bipolar disorder who were in remission. Correlation analyses between these parameters were calculated with data controlled for duration of illness and number of episodes. Results: There was no statistically significant correlation between oxidative stress markers and cognitive functions. In terms of psychosocial functioning, significant correlations were found between malondialdehyde and sense of stigmatization (r = -0.502); household activities and superoxide dismutase (r = 0.501); participation in social activities and nitric oxide (r = 0.414); hobbies and leisure time activities and total glutathione (r = -0.567), superoxide dismutase (r = 0.667), and neurotrophin 4 (r = 0.450); and taking initiative and self-sufficiency and superoxide dismutase (r = 0.597). There was no correlation between other domains of psychosocial functioning and oxidative stress markers. Conclusion: These results imply that oxidative stress markers do not appear to correlate clearly with cognitive impairment and reduced psychosocial functioning. However, there were some associations between selected oxidative markers and activity-oriented functional markers. This may represent a true negative association, or may be an artifact of oxidative stress being a state rather than a trait marker

Towards an integrative approach to understanding quality of life in schizophrenia: the role of neurocognition, social cognition, and psychopathology

The term “schizophrenia” refers to a debilitating group of disorders that usually results in a severely impaired quality of life (QoL). Symptomatology appears to have a substantial role in determining QoL, although the relationship between QoL and specific psychotic symptoms is still unclear and has demonstrated mixed results. Due to the intrinsic importance of social functioning in QoL, and the mediating effect of social cognition on social functioning, the aim of this study was to try to investigate QoL in schizophrenia, not only in terms of symptomatology, but also in consideration of potential neurocognitive and social cognitive contributing factors. Methods: Twenty-eight clinically stable patients with schizophrenia performed a broad range of neurocognitive and social cognitive assessments, and also participated in a semi-structured interview of QoL, assessing four partially independent subdomains of QoL. A stepwise regression model was used to determine the best predictors of QoL, and additionally a mediator analysis was performed to test for the mediating power of social cognition on QoL. Results: Negative symptoms, intelligence, executive functioning and social cognition all had some power in predicting QoL in schizophrenia. Though most interestingly, mental state reasoning was specifically found to be most strongly related with the Intrapsychic Foundation subdomain of QoL, whereas neurocognition and symptom severity were associated with other subdomains of QoL. Conclusions: The association between mental state reasoning and the more “internal” aspects of QoL in schizophrenia may reflect a specific role for social cognition in introspective and subjective judgments of one's own QoL, whereas neurocognition and negative symptomatology may be more predictive of the external or extrinsic aspects of QoL. In conclusion, social cognitive skills appear to play a crucial role in the experience of one's own subjective well-being, which could help to explain previous inconsistencies in the literature investigating QoL in schizophrenia