13 research outputs found

    Seawater alkalinity determination by the pH method

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    The coefficient fH used in the seawater alkalinity method of Anderson and Robinson (1946), has been redetermined at 25°C. We have found that fH = 0.741 ±0,005 for salinities between 30‰ and 41‰…

    A comparison of methods for the determination of dissolved oxygen in seawater

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    An intercalibration of dissolved oxygen methods was conducted at 2 stations in the Sargasso Sea between April 28 and May 3, 1990. The experiment compared three techniques using automated endpoint detection with the manual Winkler method using a starch endpoint. Institutions participating in the intercomparison were the Bedford Institute of Oceanography (automated photometric titration), the University of Delaware (automated amperometric titration), the Scripps Institution of Oceanography (manual titration), and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (automated amperometric titration). Differences in measured oxygen concentrations between institutions were encouragingly small. However, small, systematic differences in dissolved oxygen between institutions did exist. The range between the highest and lowest oxygen values reported by the 4 institutions never exceeded 0.6% over the entire concentration range studied (3.4 to 6.2 mlj1). The good agreement is probably due to the use of the essentials of Carpenter's (1965) modification of the Winkler method by all institutions. The intercalibration revealed several aspects of dissolved oxygen measurements that require further research: (1) the intercalibration should be extended to very low oxygen concentrations; (2) procedures for measur ing and applying corrections for the seawater blank need to be formalized; (3) a simple procedure to measure the temperature of seawater at the time of sampling needs to be developed; and (4) the solubility of atmospheric oxygen in the Winkler reagents must be measured as a function of temperature. The intercalibration also revealed that analytical techniques required for precise and accurate volumetric measurements were often not applied, even by experienced analysts. It was found that uncalibrated pipets were used to dispense standards, that the volumes of oxygen flasks were not corrected for buoyancy, and that corrections for the thermal expansion of aqueous solutions were often not applied.This research was supported by National Science Foundation Grants OCE 88- 22542 and OCE 88-21977 and OCE 89-07815. Preparation and distribution of this report by the WHP Office, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA. 02543 USA, was supported by NSF Grant OCE 89-07815

    Foraminifera, paleoecology, and biostratigraphy of the Paleocene "Ostrea thirsae beds", Nanafalia Formation, West-Central Alabama

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    Eighty-four species of foraminifera are recognized in the "Ostrea thirsae Beds" at the type locality and in the type area of west-central Alabama. Benthonic species comprise 96 percent of the total foraminiferal fauna. Anomalinoides umboniferus (Schwager) is the dominant element, averaging 45 percent of the total population, but ranging from eight to a maximum of 81 percent of the population of any one sample. Important subordinate benthonic species include Lenticulina midwayensis (Plummer), Discorbis washburni Garrett, Eponides lotus (Schwager), Cibicides howelli Toulmin, Gyroidinoides octocameratus (Cushman and Hanna), and Pulsiphonina wilcoxensis (Cushman). Discorbis washburni Garrett and Gyroidinoides lottensis (Garrett) are persistent benthonic species restricted to the "Ostrea thirsae Beds". Paleoecologic interpretation of the "Ostrea thirsae Beds" indicates accumulation within the middle-neritic (depths of 50 to 300 feet) marine environment with open-marine circulation. Planktonic foraminifera are represented by seventeen species. Globorotalia pseudomenardii Bolli and Globorotalia pusilia laevigata Bolli establish the beds as middle Late Paleocene in age, equivalent to the upper part of the type Thanetian Stage in Europe. The range zone of Globorotalia pseudomenardii appears to have a worldwide geographic distribution, providing for biostratigraphic correlation of the "Ostrea thirsae Beds" with Europe, the Mediterranean, Southern India, the Soviet Union, and Australia, as well as North and South America.Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Department o

    Land grant to M. J. Thurman of 160 acres, decreed by Governor Charles A. Culberson

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    Land grant to M. J. Thurman of 160 acres, decreed by Governor Charles A. Culberson

    NOTES AND NEWS

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    Volume: 16Start Page: 31End Page: 3
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