In the Lab : Towards a Molecular Level Understanding of Electrochemical Interfaces and Electrocatalytic Reactions

Non peer reviewedPublisher PD

Study of the active flow control of an airfoil

The student will use a CFD code for simulating the turbulent flow around an airfoil with and without active flow control. The student should have to get familiar with the code and run several cases in order to analyse the influence of different parameters. Outcomes of the project is to analyse the changes in the boundary layer due to the active flow control

Electromyographic analysis of the up and down step: comparative dry and water

Electromyographic analysis of the up and down step: comparative dry and water The aim of the present study was to compare the muscular activity with surface electromyography of the lower limb and the trunk muscles during up and down step in dry land and into the water environments comparing young and elderly population. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional inferential study was carried out in order to compare the muscle activation between dry land and aquatic environments. Sixteen non-pathological subjects participated in the present study. Eight muscles were recorded in a telematic and simultaneous manner by immersing the device in water (if necessary) with a sampling frequency of 1000 Hz. The functional task up and down step was performed at a rhythm of 5 repetitions at 25 BPM (measured using a metronome), the height of the step was 18 cm. The task was performed both in dry and in water with the same height of the step and the same rhythm in both environments. The waterline was in one meter, water temperature was 30°C. Results: In older people, significant differences between dry and water during up step in the distribution of muscle activation were found. Young groups shown significant differences in all muscles analyzed with the exception of the spinal erector. However, for the down step in the group of young people (table 3), significant differences were observerd for all muscles except for the musculature of the trunk and rectus femoris In the aquatic environment, elderly group showed significant differences for the muscle activation compared to the young for all muscles of the thigh and leg except for the tibialis anterior during up step task. However, in the down step in the aquatic environment, only significant differences were obtained in favor of the elderly group in the musculature of the thigh.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Does a Mature AIDS Epidemic Threaten Growth?

This paper models the impact on economic growth of HIV/AIDS when the epidemic is in a mature phase, in contrast with previous studies focused on periods of expansion, as in African countries. Simulations for Honduras, the epicenter of the epidemic in Central America, show that AIDS is not likely to threaten economic growth through either labor or capital accumulation channels; impacts are estimated between 0. 007 and 0. 27 percent points of GDP growth annually for the period 2001-10. Likewise, increasing spending on prevention, public treatment subsidies and treatment access will not jeopardize economic growth prospects. Critical factors that slash economic growth in Africa (such as human capital reductions and shifts in relative skills) are not strong in Honduras.

Economic reforms and the deficit of democratic legitimacy in Honduras

democracy;economic reform;Honduras;legitimacy of government;political development

The distributive consequuences of machismo: A simulation analysis of intrahousehold allocation

Empirical evidence questions the unitary allocation model of the household that underpins the standard measurement of monetary poverty and inequality. Intra-household gender discrimination has been widely shown to shape expenditure decisions, nutrition status, and human capital accumulation of household members. However, conventional poverty and inequality analyses are conducted for the household as a whole, which might lead to different conclusions compared with studies based on individuals. Using recent developments in intrahousehold bargaining modelling, this paper constructs non-cooperative allocation rules dominated by gender discrimination among household members. Estimates for Chile show a substantial worsening of poverty and inequality under such allocation rules. This suggests that intra-household discrimination deserves some of the attention typically directed to extrahousehold discrimination in labour markets, access to public services or political participation.discrimination; gender; poverty; inequality; intrahousehold allocation; bargaining; simulation; Chile

SOCIAL TRANSFERS AS A DETERMINANT OF INTRAHOUSEHOLD DISTRIBUTION: THE CASE OF CHILE

The effects of social transfers on individual participation and working hours are theoretically shown to differ for unitary and bargaining intrahousehold allocation models. This result is attributed to both the non-transferability of in-kind social transfers and differences in control of these transfers among household members. Using elasticities of social transfers on work effort (estimated through sample selection corrected participation probits and working hour OLS), new tests on intrahousehold allocation are developed for Chile. These tests strongly reject the unitary model and exogenous bargaining, accepting endogenous bargaining only among non-poor households. Poor households may use social incomes as investments for the future rather than for short-term strategic power relations.Social Transfers, Intrahousehold Allocation Rules, Labor Supply, Chile

From economicist to culturalist development theories: how strong is the relation between cultural aspects and economic development?

development theory;Honduras;economic development;cultural factors

Political Space, Pro-Poor Growth and Poverty Reduction Strategy in Honduras

This paper assesses the political and socio-economic consequences of the Poverty Reduction Strategy (PRS) in Honduras. The analysis uses several techniques (poverty narratives, stakeholder analysis and taxonomy analysis) and quantitative and qualitative data (socioeconomic indicators, PRS spending execution and interviews with stakeholders). It argues that the PRS constitutes a missed opportunity to widen further the political space in which poverty reduction is formulated and to deliver pro-poor growth. The inclusion of multiple actors with different interests, capacities and influence led to a consensus too imprecise to articulate a set of priorities, left alone a pro-poor growth agenda. Recently, by shifting unilaterally the growth pillar of the PRS towards infrastructure investments and trade integration, Honduras may have lost yet another opportunity to support a truly participatory democracy.Poverty Reduction Strategy, Political Space, Pro-poor Growth, Honduras