Factores de riesgo psicosocial y salud mental del personal de salud en ámbito hospitalario

Psychosocial risk factors are unfavorable conditions related to the work environment, causing effects on the scenarios that an individual develops, compromising their health, personal, social and work perfomance. In the work contect of health professionals, mental health is the main field affected by this class of factors. The present reseach bases as a general objetive to identify the psicosocial risk factors that affect and influence the mental health of the health personnel of the Basic Hospital of Jipijapa, the methodological design used for data collection was of a descriptive cross- sectional type using the qualitative technique such as the survey. For the study, a random sample of 40 health professionals was taken, most of them stated that psychosocial risk factors play a very important role in mental health disorders, the most relevant data show us the relationship of both parties, reflecting the overload-word rhythm, risk of suffering from occupational diseases and working hours as the most incident factors in the violation of mental health of mentioned professionals, on the other hand, stress and anxiety were evidenced as the most concurrent mental pathologies due to psychosocial risk factors.Los factores de riesgo psicosociales son condiciones desfavorables relacionados al ambiente laboral, causando afectaciones en los escenarios que se desarrolla un individuo, comprometiendo su salud, desempeño personal, social y laboral. En contexto laboral de los profesionales sanitarios, la salud mental es el principal campo vulnerado por esta clase de factores. La presente investigación fundamenta como objetivo general identificar los factores de riesgo psicosocial que afectan e influyen en la salud mental del personal de salud del Hospital Básico de Jipijapa, el diseño metodológico empleado para la recolección de datos fue de tipo descriptivo de corte transversal, utilizando la técnica cualitativa como lo es la encuesta. Para el estudio se tomó una muestra aleatoria de 40 profesionales de salud, la gran parte de ellos manifestaron que los factores de riesgo psicosocial cumplen un papel muy importante en afectaciones de salud mental, los datos más relevantes nos muestran la relación de ambas partes, reflejando a la sobrecarga- ritmo de trabajo , riesgo de padecer enfermedades profesionales y horarios laborales como los factores más incidentes en la vulneración de salud mental de mencionados profesionales, por otro lado se evidenció al estrés y ansiedad como las patologías mentales más concurrente a causa de los factores de riesgo psicosocial

Estudios farmacognósticos y toxicológicos preliminares de hojas, tallo y raíz de moringa (moringa oleifera Lam.)

Moringa Oleifera Lam. is a plant with nutritional and pharmacological properties, which could become a nutritional alternative for humans and a method for disease prevention. In Ecuador there is little information about its parameters of quality, chemical composition and toxicity, without knowing the safety index for its consumption. Preliminary pharmacognostic and toxicological studies of stem, root and leaves of this plant, cultivated in Machala, Ecuador, were carried out. The percentages of residual moisture and ashes for the stem (8.38%, 6.68%), root (9.74%, 8.34%) and leaves (12.63%, 9.76%) were determined. Soluble substances in ethanol were calculated at 30%, 50% and 70%. All according to methodology established by the World Health Organization. A preliminary chemical study was carried out through phytochemical screening following the methodology recommended in the literature and carried out the oral acute toxicity test in wistar rats using the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) No. 423, with the limit dose of 2000 mg / kg. The pharmacognostic studies were in agreement with that established in the literature and the one of soluble substances allowed to select the ethanol to 30% like the best extractive solvent. This hydroalcoholic extract with Moringa Oleifera Lam., at a limit dose did not produce mortality nor toxicity indicator

Estudios farmacognósticos y toxicológicos preliminares de hojas, tallo y raíz de moringa (moringa oleifera Lam.) // Preliminary pharmacognostic and toxicological studies of leaves, stem and Moringa root (Moringa oleifera Lam.)

Moringa oleifera Lam. es una planta con propiedades nutritivas y farmacológicas, que podría convertirse en una alternativa nutricional para el ser humano y método para la prevención de enfermedades. En Ecuador existe poca información acerca de sus parámetros de calidad, composición química y toxicidad, desconociéndose el índice de seguridad para su consumo. Se realizaron estudios farmacognósticos y toxicológicos preliminares del tallo, raíz y hojas de esta planta, cultivada en Machala, Ecuador. Se determinaron los porcentajes de humedad residual y cenizas para el tallo (8,38%; 6,68%), raíz (9,74 %; 8,34 %) y hojas (12,63%; 9,76%). Se calcularon las sustancias solubles en etanol al 30%, 50% y 70%. Todo según metodología establecida por la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Se realizó un estudio químico preliminar a través de tamizaje fitoquímico siguiendo la metodología recomendada en la literatura y llevó a cabo el ensayo de toxicidad aguda por vía oral en ratas wistar, mediante el método clases tóxicas agudas de la Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Nº423, con la dosis límite de 2000 mg/kg. Los estudios farmacognósticos estuvieron en concordancia con lo establecido en la literatura y el de sustancias solubles permitió seleccionar el etanol al 30% como mejor disolvente extractivo. Este extracto hidroalcohólico con Moringa oleifera Lam., a dosis límite, no produjo mortalidad  ni indicadores de toxicidad. Moringa Oleifera Lam. is a plant with nutritional and pharmacological properties, which could become a nutritional alternative for humans and a method for disease prevention. In Ecuador there is little information about its parameters of quality, chemical composition and toxicity, without knowing the safety index for its consumption. Preliminary pharmacognostic and toxicological studies of stem, root and leaves of this plant, cultivated in Machala, Ecuador, were carried out. The percentages of residual moisture and ashes for the stem (8.38%, 6.68%), root (9.74%, 8.34%) and leaves (12.63%, 9.76%) were determined. Soluble substances in ethanol were calculated at 30%, 50% and 70%. All according to methodology established by the World Health Organization. A preliminary chemical study was carried out through phytochemical screening following the methodology recommended in the literature and carried out the oral acute toxicity test in wistar rats using the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) No. 423, with the limit dose of 2000 mg / kg. The pharmacognostic studies were in agreement with that established in the literature and the one of soluble substances allowed to select the ethanol to 30% like the best extractive solvent. This hydroalcoholic extract with Moringa Oleifera Lam., at a limit dose did not produce mortality nor toxicity indicators