Proyecto de emprendimiento empresarial Operlog

Anexo A. Enlace E-Book Código de ética para la empresa Operlog, Anexo B. Formato de diagnóstico para la empresa OperlogLa planeación estratégica permitirá el análisis de aspectos específicos para la implementación del proyecto considerado importante para toda la organización, ya que con esto se pretende construir un plan estratégico para la empresa Operlog , siendo que por medio de la construcción de datos ayudarán a la empresa a mejorar la toma de decisiones ante situaciones adversas que pueda sufrir la organización, en el cual se elabora un diagnóstico en los impactos económicos, sociales y ambientales generados por los integrantes del equipo de trabajo. Lo anterior favorecerá a la empresa en su labor obteniendo así la eficiencia y permanecía de la misma en el entorno comercial.Strategic planning will allow the analysis of specific aspects for the implementation of the project considered important for the entire organization, since this is intended to build a strategic plan for the company Operlog, being that through the construction of data they will help the company to improve decision-making in the face of adverse situations that the organization may suffer, in which a diagnosis is made of the economic, social and environmental impacts generated by the members of the work team. The aforementioned will favor the company in its work, thus obtaining efficiency and remaining in the commercial environment

Disagreements, crises and movements : contemporary views of Latin American literary and cultural expressions

Desacuerdos, crisis y movimientos recorre caminos insospechados, resalta las relaciones temáticas y metodológicas más subrepticias, para descartar, así, las conexiones cartográficas usuales de las literaturas y culturas latinoamericanas que abundan en los compendios académicos tradicionales. En una búsqueda por dialogar con las discusiones actuales, los capítulos de este libro estudian la literatura de América Latina en relación con la memoria, la política, el cine o la música, sin dejar de lado la complejidad de la literatura infantil y juvenil desde la potencia de lo posible. Se trata, pues, de abrir las fronteras de los estudios literarios para fijarse en otros estatutos, formatos y dimensiones culturales. Esta colección de capítulos y entrevistas es el resultado de un trabajo colaborativo y autogestionado del Semillero de Investigación en Literatura Latinoamericana (Silat), de la Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, sede Central. Este libro se constituye, entonces, en un paso más en el desarrollo investigativo de sus integrantes y en el fortalecimiento de los lazos que entre ellos se han tejido en el campo de los estudios literarios.Bogot

Mitochondrial DAMPs induce endotoxin tolerance in human monocytes: an observation in patients with myocardial infarction.

Monocyte exposure to mitochondrial Danger Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs), including mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), induces a transient state in which these cells are refractory to further endotoxin stimulation. In this context, IRAK-M up-regulation and impaired p65 activity were observed. This phenomenon, termed endotoxin tolerance (ET), is characterized by decreased production of cytokines in response to the pro-inflammatory stimulus. We also show that monocytes isolated from patients with myocardial infarction (MI) exhibited high levels of circulating mtDNA, which correlated with ET status. Moreover, a significant incidence of infection was observed in those patients with a strong tolerant phenotype. The present data extend our current understanding of the implications of endotoxin tolerance. Furthermore, our data suggest that the levels of mitochondrial antigens in plasma, such as plasma mtDNA, should be useful as a marker of increased risk of susceptibility to nosocomial infections in MI and in other pathologies involving tissue damage

Modulation of human monocytes by exposure to mitochondrial DNA.

<p>(<b>A</b>) Workflow diagram: MΦs from HV were pre-exposed to mitochondrial DNA isolated from HeLa (mtDNA, 5 µg/ml, white bars), LPS (10 ng/ml, gray bars) or left untreated (black bars) for 5 days, then stimulated for 24 h with LPS, as described in the scheme. <b>B–F</b>: (<b>B</b>) Protein levels of IL1β, (<b>C</b>) IL6, (<b>D</b>) IL12p70, (<b>E</b>) TNFα and (<b>F</b>) TGF-β in culture supernatants (measured by CBA). Data are shown as Mean±SD, n = 3; *p<0.05,**p<0.01 ***p<0.001; ns: non-significant <i>vs.</i> corresponding control of untreated 5d +LPS stimulus (ANOVA/Dunn). (<b>G and H</b>): Histogram plots of surface HLA-DQ (up) and HLA-DR (down) expression on CD14+ MΦs evaluated by flow cytometry, after 24 h of LPS challenge in MΦs pre-exposed 5 days to mtDNA (left panels) or LPS (right panels), compared to MΦs with no pre-treatment (gray filled, all panels). Mean Fold decrease of MFI compared to corresponding control with no pre-treatment is shown. (<b>I</b>) CD163+CD14+ frequencies in MΦs pre-exposed 5 days to mtDNA (<b>central panel</b>), LPS (<b>right panel</b>) or medium (<b>left panel</b>). Representative dot plots of three independently performed experiments are shown. Values in the upper-left quadrants indicate the Mean frequencies of CD163+CD14+ subsets.</p

M1/M2 score of ACS patients.

<p>(<b>A–B</b>) Percentage of patients classified according to the M1/M2 Score of UA (black bars), NSTEMI (dark gray bars) and STEMI (light grey bars) patients, calculated using mRNA expression levels of TNFα and IL10 in MΦs (see <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0095073#s2" target="_blank">Methods</a>). (<b>A</b>) At baseline: M1, M1/M0, M0, M0/M2, M2. (<b>B</b>) After LPS (3 h, 10 ng/ml): M1high, M1, M1/M2, M2. (<b>C–D</b>) Circulating mtDNA levels in the plasma of ACS patients compared with the M1/M2 score. Data are shown as Mean±SD. (<b>C</b>) Score at basal condition: M1 n = 2, M1/M0 n = 5, M0 n = 19, M0/M2 n = 28, M2 n = 21. (D) Score after LPS (3 h, 10 ng/ml): M1-high n = 5, M1 n = 27, M1/M2 n = 23, M2 n = 20.</p

Modulation of IL10 production after exposure to mitochondrial DAMPs and mitochondrial DNA.

<p>MΦs from HV were pre-exposed to both mitochondrial DAMPs (mtLys, 20 µg/ml, white bars) and mitochondrial DNA isolated from HeLa (mtDNA, 5 µg/ml, white bars) or left untreated (black bars) for 5 days, then stimulated for 24 h with LPS, as described in the scheme of <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0095073#pone-0095073-g001" target="_blank">Figure 1</a> and <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0095073#pone-0095073-g003" target="_blank">Figure 3</a>. Protein levels of IL10 in culture supernatants (measured by CBA) is given. Data are shown as Mean±SD, n = 3; *p<0.01 <i>vs.</i> corresponding control of untreated 5d+LPS stimulus (ANOVA/Dunn).</p

Mitochondrial DNA levels in plasma are increased in STEMI patients.

<p>Plasma mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) levels of ACS patients (white bars) and HV (gray bar). Data are shown as box plots with Mean±SD. HV n = 20, patients with ACS: UA n = 30, NSTEMI n = 24, STEMI n = 21; **p<0.01, patients <i>vs.</i> HV (ANOVA/Dunn).</p

Modulation of human monocytes by exposure to mitochondrial DAMPs.

<p>(<b>A</b>) Workflow diagram: MΦs from HV were pre-exposed to mitochondrial DAMPs (mtLys, 20 µg/ml, white bars), LPS (10 ng/ml, gray bars) or left untreated (black bars) for 5 days, then stimulated for 24 h with LPS, as described in the scheme; <b>B–F</b>: (<b>B</b>) Protein levels of IL1β, (<b>C</b>) IL6, (<b>D</b>) IL12p70, (<b>E</b>) TNFα and (<b>F</b>) TGF-β in culture supernatants (measured by CBA). Data are shown as Mean±SD, n = 3; *p<0.01, ***p<0.001; ns: non-significant <i>vs.</i>corresponding control of untreated 5d +LPS stimulus (ANOVA/Dunn). (<b>G and H</b>): Histogram plots of surface HLA-DQ (up) and HLA-DR (down) expression on CD14+ MΦs evaluated by flow cytometry, after 24 h of LPS challenge in MΦs pre-exposed 5 days to mtLys (left panels) or LPS (right panels), compared to MΦs with no pre-treatment (gray filled, all panels). Mean Fold decrease of MFI compared to corresponding control with no pre-treatment is shown. (<b>I</b>) CD163+CD14+ frequencies in MΦs pre-exposed 5 days to mtLys (<b>central panel</b>), LPS (<b>right panel</b>) or medium (<b>left panel</b>). Representative dot plots of three independently performed experiments are shown. Values in the upper-left quadrants indicate the Mean frequencies of CD163+CD14+ subsets.</p

Comparison of demographics and clinical data between groups.

<p>Data are Mean±SD, IQR or number (%). STEMI or NSTEMI <i>vs.</i> UA patients (ANOVA/Dunn). ns: non-significant; CRP: C-reactive protein; IQR: interquartile range; BNP: Brain natriuretic peptide.</p

M2 polarization of circulating monocytes in patients with ACS correlates with the severity of the disease.

<p>Isolated monocytes from ACS patients were treated (right panel) or not (left panel) with LPS (3 h, 10 ng/ml), total mRNA was isolated and cDNA synthesized. A qPCR analysis of (<b>A, F</b>) TNFα, (<b>B, G</b>) IL6, (<b>C, H</b>) MIF, (<b>D, I</b>) IL10 and (<b>E, J</b>) CCL2 was performed. Healthy volunteers (HV, gray bars), patients with ACS (white bars). Data are shown as box plots with Mean±SD. HV n = 20, ACS patients: UA n = 29, NSTEMI n =  24, STEMI n = 21; *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001 patients <i>vs.</i> HV (ANOVA/Dunn).</p